The European Commission also announced measures to counter illegal immigration across Europe and others to promote integration of legal immigrants.

Franco Frattini, the European Commissioner for justice and security, proposed an “oath of faithfulness” requiring all immigrants to the EU to swear allegiance to the union. He said: “One can get every immigrant to somehow declare they will respect national law, EU law and the Charter of Fundamental Rights.”

The charter is seen by its supporters as representing the basic values of the EU. It goes considerably further than the old European Convention on Human Rights, offering, for example, the right to parental leave if you adopt a child, the right to continuous training, the right to social security benefits and the right to strike. It has no legal force because it was part of the European constitution, which was rejected by French and Dutch voters.

The Government recently started requiring immigrants to swear allegiance to the Queen and British democracy. Signor Frattini proposed a charter to which 90 per cent of France’s immigrants sign up as a model for the rest of Europe.

“All those who enter Europe must respect European laws,” he said. “We can insist on respecting the basic values of Europe, and we can demand full respect for existing laws.”

The rise of Islamic terrorism, and the growth of alienated ethnic communities, has persuaded many governments that more efforts must be made to promote integration of immigrants, including loyalty oaths.

The oath of allegiance to the EU — which could be in addition to or in place of the oath to the Queen — would be subject to negotiation, but the Government cannot veto it because it gave up its national veto on EU immigration law last year. Britain does have an opt-out, but it would have to reject the entire package of immigration measures.

A government spokesman said: “Questions of citizenship should be organised by member states nationally.” An EU diplomat said of the proposal: “It’s loony.”

Timothy Kirkhope, the leader of the Conservatives in the European Parliament, and former immigration minister, said: “I am amazed. You can laugh, but it worryingly shows the views of people who should know better. I swore an oath of allegiance to the Queen. I am not going to take kindly to an Italian gentleman telling me to swear allegiance to unelected people, or to swear allegiance to something I don’t agree with — a unified European state.”

Mike Nattrass, deputy leader of the UK Independence Party, said: “An allegiance to something with no single culture, no agreed history, no common language and packed with fraud and corruption? The EU must be joking.”

Brussels regards building up a sense of European identity, including such measures as harmonising passports and funding pan-European political parties, as one of its most important tasks.

The European Commission has been greatly expanding its powers over immigration and asylum policy since the surrender of national vetos last year.The latest package is aimed at increasing the rate of deportation of illegal immigrants, while promoting their rights.

Last year 650,000 illegal immigrants were ordered to leave the EU, but only 212,000 did so. According to EU figures, Britain told 70,000 to leave, but only 18,000 went.

The proposal of “common standards on return” for illegal immigrants could hamper attempts by the Government to curb illegal immigration. It would ban governments from detaining people for more than six months before deportation.

In Britain, there are 195 people who have been in immigration detention centres for more than six months because of the lengthy appeals process. Under the commission’s proposals, the Government would have to release them.

The European Commission said its proposals would not affect Britain’s attempts to deport so-called preachers of hate. The Home Office said it would examine them to assess any possible impact.

Signor Frattini did not object to Britain agreeing deals with countries such as Jordan and Algeria to promise not to torture people returned, but he said that it would be better to have such agreements at an EU level.

The commission also proposed that illegal immigrants deported from one country would be automatically barred from entering any other in the union. At present some immigrants deported from one country can simply take up residence in a neighbouring state.

Brussels has proposed a European Return Fund to promote voluntary repatriation. It is also set to pilot three “regional protection programmes” for illegal immigrants in Ukraine, Tanzania and the Horn of Africa.

Explore UK News

• Crime News

• Education News

• Health News

• Science News

• Scotland News

Times Recommends

• Ashes bid in chaos as big gamble fails
• Private schools secretly put up for sale
• Council tax debt-chasers on £600 an hour