In a bizarre twist of bureaucratic logic, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has drafted what amounts to an ex-Yakuza welfare charter in an effort to stamp out mafia benefit cheats.

The revelation that perhaps hundreds of ex-Yakuza have exploited this and are now living on benefits comes at a sensitive time. Earlier this week, it emerged that the number of households living on welfare in 2005 hit the million mark for the first time.

The Yakuza is Japan’s mafia, with tens of thousands of members and protection, gambling and loan-sharking rackets across the country.

Under the new guidelines, all a gangster has to do is provide the state with a letter from his old gang to prove that he is out of the game and demonstrate that he is unfit to work and the welfare cash is his.

Dozens of apparently ex-Yakuza are now living on state handouts. Some have left their gangs as penniless dropouts. Others, either through injury or old age, have proved that they can no longer earn a living. Ministry insiders say, however that there are likely to be many Yakuza claiming benefits without a genuine “letters of excommunication”.

A spokesperson for the Health Ministry said that it was “extremely difficult” to tell whether a letter was fake.

The guidelines were drawn up in an effort to help local governments deal with welfare claimants who appeared with the tell-tale signs of a Yakuza past — usually tattoos and a minor criminal record.

In many cases, their destitution backed their benefit claims, but authorities were unsure whether to allow ex-crooks to collect welfare payments. The ministry solved this by stipulating the need for a letter from a crime boss.

“The welfare benefits supplied to the organised crime gang members might have been the source of financing for the gang itself. It’s taxpayers’ money, so we cannot just ignore such a thing. So we think it’s very important to specifically lay down these guidelines and stop the unjustified supply of welfare benefits to people who are still gang members,” said Mika Sakurai, a Health Ministry official.

The revelation that one million Japanese are on welfare provided ammunition for critics of economic reforms by the Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi. The evidence suggests that under his stewardship, Japan has lost its relative social equality and split into a society of haves and have-nots.

“In any country, in any given era, there are always income gaps. But they’re not always a bad thing; what’s important is not to only look at the gaps, but to take social competition as an opportunity for citizens to learn from one another and bring out the best in everybody,” Mr Koizumi said this week.

Gangs of the rising sun

• Organised criminal gangs thought to number 110,000 active members divided into 2,500 families
• Comprise tekiya (street peddlers), bakuto (gamblers) and gurentai (gangsters)
• The gurentai have become more prevalent and successful since the second world war when the black market made criminal activity profitable
• They consider themselves outcasts and take their name from a the worst possible hand in the hana-fuda (flower cards) game
• They are often heavily tattooed, with popular designs including dragons. Tattooing is considered a test of endurance
• A common punishment for failure is to remove the tip of the little finger

Explore Asia News

• China News

Times Recommends

• No cause for celebration in crushed Sarajevo
• Jazz funeral for the final victims of Katrina
• French fined for 'insulting' civil servants