Jack Malvern
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Scientists and fellow writers paid tribute to Sir Arthur C. Clarke, who died on Tuesday at the age of 90,but even in death the sage of science fiction could not shake off the accusations of paedophilia levelled against him.
His reputation never fully recovered from allegations, made a week before he was due to be knighted by the Prince of Wales, that he had had sex with young boys in his adopted home of Sri Lanka.
He eventually received his honour in a low-key ceremony two years later than planned.
Although he met the Prince during the state visit in 1998, the investiture was delayed until 2000 and conducted by Linda Duffield, Britain’s Ambassador to Sri Lanka. Clarke told bystanders that he was delighted by the honour but was uncomfortable in his choice of dress. “I feel like a lobster,” he said, flapping his arms in an impression of a crustacean.
Clarke had allegedly told a newspaper reporter that he did not know how old his sexual partners had been, but that “most of them had reached puberty”. Asked whether it was morally wrong, it is claimed that he replied: “No. I mean, it depends on the country. You can’t have absolute morality.”
He declined to sue the newspaper, saying that it would be a waste of time and money. He said that the allegations were “not aimed specifically at me but designed to embarrass Prince Charles”, and that he had not been sexually active for more than 20 years.
He issued a more robust denial later: “Having always had a particular dislike of paedophiles, few charges can be more revolting to me than to be classed as one. The allegations are wholly denied. My conscience is perfectly clear.”
Clarke made his biggest impact with The Sentinel, a short story that he and Stanley Kubrick used as the basis for 2001: A Space Odyssey.
Terry Pratchett, a fellow science fiction author, said that he was the first writer to break out of the genre. “Everyone had heard of Arthur C. Clarke — the Goodies made jokes about him, Terry Wogan made jokes about him,” he said. “He became a national treasure like Patrick Moore.
“Before 2001, you could see the string, you could see what was holding the rocket ships up. The first time you saw it you thought, ‘Here’s something totally new’,” Pratchett said. “The amount of work and effort and research that went into that movie was just astonishing.”
Pratchett said that Clarke’s authority came from his engineering background. “You got the impression you were dealing with a man who put some science into science fiction.”
Clarke is credited with inventing the concept of geostationary telecommunications satellites, which would remain above a fixed point on the Earth’s surface by orbiting at the same speed as the planet’s rotation. He wrote about the idea in 1945, 17 years before the first telecommunications satellite was sent into space.
He also predicted, in 1940, that human beings would walk on the Moon before the end of the century. He was derided at the time but vindicated in 1969.
Sir Patrick Moore, the British astronomer and veteran broadcaster of The Sky at Night, said: “He was a great visionary, a brilliant science fiction writer and a great forecaster.”
President Rajapaksa of Sri Lanka described Clarke as a great visionary.
Alan Stern, associate administrator for the Nasa Science Mission Directorate, said: “Arthur Clarke was a gifted writer of science and science fiction, and an unparalleled visionary of the future, inspiring countless young people with his hopeful vision of how space flight would transform societies, economies and humankind itself. Although his personal odyssey here on Earth is now over, his vision lives on through his writing; he will be sorely missed.”
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My goodness .. having Arthur C. Clarke as a "FRIEND" what boy would not be pleased?
One of these days we will shake ourselves from the grips of fear mongers who benefit just themselves to the detriment of everyone else. They don't give a hoot except for themelseves.
We can, we must stop them with good science that challenges even our own notions of right and wrong.
Will Decker, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
There are some comments in this board is based on pure ignorance. I am from Sri Lanka and live probably few miles from Clarke lived.
1) Pedophelia charges against Clarke is just rumors. You can not prosecute people based on rumors.
Comment 2) Clarke's celebrity in such an impoverished place would provide quite a bit of cover.
Let me tell you Clarke lived in the richest area of Colombo (probably better than 75% of London). There is no reason to believe that if the newspapers find out they would not publish it.
It is no secret that Clarke associated young boys. These young boys are not poor boys. They are rich ones with parents who have powerful positions in the government. If they had suspected that their sons were sexually molested by Clarke, believe me Clarke would be in trouble.
Now it is fair to say media is pre occupied with the ongoing war and other matters do not get much coverage.
Ruwan, Colombo, Sri Lanka
There are several aspects of the Clarke pedophile denial that have never made any sense.
First, while Sri Lanka may be a nice place to vacation, it seems like an odd choice for a world celebrity to move to. Why permanently exile yourself to the 3rd World, after all? But, as it turns out, it also happens to have an extraordinary problem with child prostitution and a history of almost no police crackdowns.
Second, why would a reporter at a well-established paper create a canard like this out of whole cloth? That seems quite unlikely.
Third, Clarke never challenged the charges in a court of law, which seems odd.
Fourth, Clarke's celebrity in such an impoverished place would provide quite a bit of cover. And to buttress this point, a female child's advocate in Sri Lanka said when the article came out that she had heard rumors about Clarke but she was afraid her agency would be driven out if she tried to mount any charges.
Just my take.
Karl Daggerfield, Miami, FL USA
The inventor of the geostationary communications satellite was certainly not the "techie" who "soldered the circuit boards together", and the sums are actually quite easy. The inventor is the guy who came up with the concept, and that was Arthur C Clarke.
Martin, Newmarket, Suffolk
What ever happened to not speaking ill of the dead? Apart from that, every advancement in science starts with an idea and its the people at the "typewriters" we should be grateful too as well as the technicians who bring the ideas to reality.
Kevin, High Wycombe, UK
Having read Clarke for many years I can remember him saying there would never be a good chess computer and explained why
the book was Profiles of the Future, when it was re-published some years later that piece and others had been edited out, also the communications satellites is mentioned in just about every book he
wrote, but I must say he was most interesting and I shall miss reading his work.
bob vaddish, petersfield, uk
I thought Jules Verne was the first to describe things being in geostationary orbit, but I expect Sir Isaac Newton had thought of it...
C Blackmore, Melksham, England
That's not entirely fair about the satellites Sally. Clarke conceived of the idea of geostationary satellites and, if he had patented the idea (which he could have done) he would have become a gazillionaire. The altitude above the equator where geostationary satellites are 'parked' is still known as the 'Clarke Ring', in his honour.
The Sentinel's central concept of the alien monolith was key to Kubrick's 2001, without which, no story. Kubrick developed the story superbly and deserves a lot of the credit for what became a milestone in cinema history.
But remember, Clarke's original imagination was the spark.
Greg Palmer, Hamburg, Germany
Godspeed and RIP in peace Arthur C Clarke.
I have enjoyed your books over many a night.
Fantastic and intellgent reading.
Thanks
rick, Uk, England
By `inventor` they mean he was probably the first to actually write about using `satellites` in orbit for communication and the like. The man, like Jules Verne, was writing about technology that now exists way before it did and many people including the likes of Carl Sagan have said it was his stories and ideas that drove them on.
Yes 2001 started as a short story and even though it's this thats `his` most famous work you should also take a look at his other works such as Rendevous with Rama (which will soon be a film).
Lloyd, Brighton, UK
London Sally may well be the only person to find Clarke's invention 'iffy'. The thing is well-documented. Clarke wrote the piece and supplied a diagram giving the altitude for a 24 hour satellite to orbit so that it would seem to stay over the same spot on the Earth's surface, This had not previously been calculated. He also showed in the diagram how, mimimally, three satellites in an equilateral triangle would cover the Earth for communications.
Unfortunately for Clarke, you cannot patent an idea.
As for the virtues of his fiction, that, I suggest, is always going to be a matter of opinion.
Sean, Liverpool,
Can't really believe this story is newsworthy considering a. it took place over 7 years ago and b. it's only a few days after Arthur Clarke's death.
He was an incredible writer and visionary and should be remembered as such. Personally, I think it's shameful to be dredging up such stories, instead of celebrating the achievements of one of the world's greatest science fiction writers...
Peter, Rome, Italy
I think Sally is confused as to the definition of 'inventor'. Clarke was the first person to suggest sticking satellites in geosynchronous orbit to build a worldwide communications network. The techie then built it. Solving problems can be hard, creating world changing concepts is quite another.
bob, London,
How nice that someone thinks Clarke's death is a 'good thing'. Given that the writer of that post appears to be a novelist of some sort, the statement does give the whole message a sour tinge. When an author of Clarke's stature dies, it's only natural that publishers should reissue his work. If they're not publishing the 'fantastic visions' of a certain 'young writer', maybe it's because his visions aren't so fantastic after all. Or maybe the writing is just plain bad, written by someone who litters his prose with Inappropriate Capital letters.
And it's Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics. Clarke's Three Laws are something else entirely.
Mr Chivers, London, UK
my favourite author for sure. I particularly loved Rendevouz with Rama and the other books in that Series.
I believe the movie adaptation is to be released next year. I dont envy David Fincher's job of climbing that mountain.
Phill, The Wirral, England
Arthur C. Clarke is dead. Farewell. Etc. So are we going to be hammered by publishers re-issuing all his well known titles and a few more that you should also get to know? Is it possible that a young writer, living in the ânowâ (ACCâs âfutureâ for when he was writing) could be coming up with fantastic visions that equal ACC and isnât it only fair for the young writer to be on the market as well? I see his death as a good thing. Get the great ACC resurgence over and done with and then SF Writers can get back to spreading great ideas into a rapidly changing world. I give credit to ACC, I even put his Three Laws of Robotics into the preface of my book Love Data, but itâs time for a new generation to get into the public eye.
We live in the future and the past, current and future technological evolutions engineered by and dumped on humanity can only be made sense of by Science Fiction Writers.
Simon Drake, London, England
Good grief, I can only conclude that Sally has been inhabiting a different Universe. ACC wrote somewhere between 75 and 90 books - both fiction and non-fiction (the count depending on whether or not you tally up his collected editions and his late career dual authorship fiction). Apart from his SF he was a monumental science populariser with his non fiction work. "Iffy" indeed! Not even close, Sally!.
As for the innuendo in this article, Jack Malvern should be ashamed of himself. The local (Sri Lanka) government expressly mounted an inquiry in to the allegations at the time and exonerated ACC unconditionally. Both ACC and HM Govt. waited until this was concluded before the honour was eventually awarded. The prurient insinuations otherwise in this article are wholly unwarranted.
Rohan, Solihull, UK
Sally:
Of course, "inventor of the communications satellite" was an exaggeration, and was probably coined by a TV scriptwriter who didn't know what he was talking about. The fact is, however, that Clarke was the first to realise the concept of the geostationary orbit, in a paper published in 1945. That special orbit is now officially named the Clarke Orbit in his honour.
As for your comments on "2001" - the film was not "subsequently novelised"; the novel and screenplay were written in parallel, the novel by Clarke himself, and the screenplay by himself and Kubrick.
Of course, this was only one of dozens of novels written by Sir Arthur, who has been rightly described as "The Colossus of Science Fiction".
He was also an excellent science writer and populariser.
Neil, Derby, UK
The movie 2001 was not later novelized by Clarke. Clarke and Kubrick wrote the screenplay during the day, Clark wrote the novel at night. When he finished the novel off it went to the publisher, while they continued to write, change and tinker with the screenpay. That is why there are significant differenes between the final film and the novel. The book is not a "novelization" of the movie at all.
But i am sure you knew that.
bill, nyc, NY USA
Nobody's mentioned the Rama series yet - in my humble opinion Arthur C Clarke's best works
Tony Yates, Aberdeen , UK
Arthur posted the calculations necessary and worked out the altitude necessary for the geostationary orbit aswell as coming up with the idea. While he wrote quite a bit, he was first and formost an engineer. Strictly speaking, he cannot be creditied with "inventing the communications satellite" as he only worked out where such a satellite would need to be in order to form part of a global communications network. If you look at the way patents work, the person registering the idea along with technical specifications, not the person who built it is the 'inventor'. He came up with the idea and the calculations but did not supply the exact mechanics of a satellite.
As for co-authoring 2001, consider that if he had not written the book that there would not have been a film. He also helped out a lot on the mechanics of the film as it's actually quite scientifically accurate which is unusual for a film. For example, the space station is exact to scale in order to provide the g force shown.
Eric, Cork,
Sally, you probably aren't the only person, but, like all the others, you have the option of thinking the matter through before you rush into publication. Sir Arthur's contribution to the development of the comms satellite was to raise the issue of artificial geostationary objects as a serious proposition.
As for 2001, all great ideas start off as minor ones. Read 'The Making of 2001' (I may have the title slightly wrong) before you rush to judgement.
Sir Arthur is dead, and I feel a sense of loss. I don't think I am alone in that. Don't start knocking him yet, please.
Rob, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Am I the only person to find the received wisdom about Clarke a bit, well, iffy?
He hosted a TV show some years ago (Arthur C Clarke's Mysterious World?) where he was each week referred to as "inventor of the communications satellite and author of 2001".
Personally I imagine the "inventor of the communications satellite" to be the techie in a lab coat who soldered the circuit boards together and did the hard sums not a bloke a a typewriter who thought that bouncing signals off an artificial moon might be doable.
As for authoring 2001, Clarke wrote a minor short story, called, I think, "The Sentinel" was was about the monolith buried on the moon. This comprises only the middle section of Kubrick's film. The really memorable stuff; the apes, the "Star Child", HAL 9000 - these appeared in the screenplay co-written with Kubrick and only subsequently novelised by Clarke.
Sally, London, UK