Anatole Kaletsky
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How can you stabilise a market worth £4,000 billion by spending £1 billion? The answer is that you can't.
If the Government had been serious about supporting the housing market, it would have focused on lenders rather than housebuilders and first-time buyers, extending to new loans the Bank of England funding now available on old mortgages. By offering the Bank of England as a backstop to new mortgage lending, the Government would have brought Britain into line with the more generous central banking policies in the US and the eurozone, potentially unblocking the supply of new loans.
While British banks and building societies lobbied vigorously for this relatively low-cost technical change, the Bank of England opposed it, and the Government opted instead for more “eye-catching” initiatives - a small reduction in stamp duty, some modestly increased support for homeowners facing repossession and a supposedly free loan scheme for up to 10,000 first-time buyers.
There was nothing wrong with any of this in principle. But on closer inspection, the stamp-duty cut would apply to far fewer transactions than initially suggested by the Treasury. Meanwhile, the loans for first-time buyers, far from being “free of charge”, will probably end up costing more than normal commercial mortgages if and when the housing market recovers. Moreover, confining them to newly built houses will reduce the number of first-time buyers looking for existing homes.
Therefore, to the extent that it works, the measure will exacerbate weakness at the bottom of the market, and this will damage the entire market by making it harder to complete housing chains, which often depend on first-time buyers.
So far so bad, but now for two items of good news that had nothing to do with the Brown package but will prove far more important to the British economy.
First, there is more and more evidence that the housing slump will do less damage to the British economy than is expected at present. Secondly, Britain is in generally better shape to deal with a mortgage and housing crisis than any other important European economy.
These two observations obviously fly in the face of Alistair Darling's apocalyptic pronouncement about the worst economic crisis in 60 years and the grim Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) forecasts published on Tuesday. The shock-horror headlines generated by these figures completely overwhelmed the luckless Gordon Brown's attempted relaunch by suggesting that Britain was the only G7 country likely to suffer a recession - defined as two consecutive quarters of falling national output - this year. If the OECD, with its armies of economists, says that Britain will be the worst afflicted of the big economies, how can I possibly argue the opposite?
The answer is simply by looking at the OECD's figures and reflecting on what they actually mean. While it is true that the OECD predicts that Britain's GDP will decline in the third and fourth quarters this year, these declines are so tiny - just 0.1 per cent - as to be almost irrelevant, especially in a forecast where the margin of error is huge.
All the other big European economies have suffered, in the second quarter of this year, GDP declines four or five times bigger than the ones predicted for Britain. The only reason why the German, French and Italian governments were not facing headlines about a “technical recession” is that the OECD pencilled in growth projections microscopically above zero - 0.01 per cent for Germany - for the second half of this year.
What matters is that the broad picture presented by all recent figures, including the OECD's, is totally at odds with the impression created by most media and financial comment. The most surprising, and important, aspect of this is that America, the country generally believed to be most vulnerable to the housing and credit crises, has done better than any other important economy - and much better than expected. Not only has the US thus far managed to avoid a recession, but the OECD's growth forecast for 2008 as a whole has also been substantially upgraded, from 1.2 per cent to 1.8 per cent. Meanwhile, the outlook for every other G7 country has been drastically cut back.
Consider now what the US economy's strong performance may mean for Britain. First, it suggest that the impact of falling house prices and a mortgage famine on highly leveraged economies are not necessarily as crippling as widely believed. In the long run, consumers will rein in some spending if their homes start losing value, but the US experience suggests that this slowdown in consumption growth will probably be spread over a long period and will not be sufficiently dramatic to trigger a slump. This is also suggested by recent British high street sales figures.
Secondly, American experience points up clearly the built-in stabilisers that exist in a well-managed market economy to mitigate the deflationary impact of a housing slump and credit crunch. The US economy has avoided a recession because it has experienced a boom in exports and a reduction in imports. The huge improvement in trade - and the jobs created or maintained by it - has been responsible for almost all the growth in the US economy in the past year.
A second stabilising factor, whose effects will become increasingly apparent from next year onwards, has been the steep reduction in interest rates by the Federal Reserve.
Now consider how Britain compares with other European countries. Since the credit crunch started, the pound has fallen by 20 per cent against the euro and by 16 per cent on its trade-weighted index. This is already equal to sterling's plunge after the ERM fiasco, which was followed by a powerful export boom. US experience strongly suggests that this devaluation, combined with the cautious mood of consumers, will soon trigger strong export growth in Britain as well.
Moreover, the Bank of England should become more willing to cut interest rates, now that oil and commodity prices are in decline. In other words, the British economy can use a freely floating exchange rate and independent proactive monetary policy to stabilise its economy, much as the US has. Continental countries, by contrast, will remain trapped by the single-currency straitjacket and the monetarist dogmas of the European Central Bank.
The upshot is tha whatever happens in the housing market, the British economic cycle is probably nearing its low point, as the US did at the end of last year. The outlook should gradually improve from the start of next year. For the rest of Europe, by contrast, the economic troubles have only just started.

Anatole Kaletsky writes for The Times Comment pages on Thursdays. One of the country's leading commentators on economics, he was formerly Economics Editor and is now an Associate Editor of The Times. He has won many awards for his financial and political journalism. Before joining The Times, he worked for 12 years on the Financial Times
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A major cause of our inflation is the rise in food prices. We currently import 40% of our food, mainly from Euroland.
I hope the falling value of the pound doesn't escalate food prices.
Jon, Cardiff, UK
Anatole, how far do we have to get into a recession before you notice the economy is in trouble?
Ian Tinn, Slough, England
The outlook is bright and could be even brighter if only we had as imaginative a monetary authority as the Fed, which has focused on stability and growth in the US economy by keeping interest rates low.
Commodity price inflation is a bubble which has burst if only the BoE would acknowledge it.
John Collins, Bromley, Kent
Chris of Singapore, manufacturing is not the only industrial sector that depends on exports. The UK has a strong export market in all manner of goods and services, which will all benefit from a weaker sterling.
Bob, London,
When I bought my first house on a 99% mgage in 1985 the base rate was 14% and it stayed that way till dropping in 1992 (rough figures ok). Well houses still went up in price, borrowing was easy, I survived, I found work easily...so now as a saver let's have base rates up there again please!
Nigel, Lincoln,
Please remember that growth forecast (-.1%) can be too optimistic as well as too pessimistic.
John Wood, Hull, UK
The ultimate in self deception. The housing market - 15% more fall to come? - is paralysed despite £200 billion BoE backing. Then our exports will increase with a weak pound eill they? Since the EU (50% of our exports) will apparently get worse , this seems improbable.
christina Speight, london, UK
Your reasoning is incomplete, Mr Kaletsky. The euro is swiftly losing ground against the US Dollar. Moreover, the ECB's interest rate policy is more damaging to the South than it is to Germany. Any export boom in the UK is also unlikely if Europe (its main export partner) is in deep recession.
Daquan Quartermaine, Middelburg, Netherlands
This is the ultimate in self-deception! There is nothing here recognisable in the real world where the housing market wsill get worse not better - probably another 15% fall ahead. The idea that experts will increase when the EU's position - 50% of our exports - will get worse is ludicrous
christina Speight, london,
The vested interests in the housing market have tried to convince us that we rely on overinflated property prices. Actually we need to rely on our skills and products sold in the international marketplace, not some property cash machine based on the bad practice of banks. Can we make the transition?
Rob H, London,
"just 0.1 per cent - as to be almost irrelevant, especially in a forecast where the margin of error is huge."
Sir, may I please point out that your "huge" margin of error may equally leave us much further on the downside. Given the recent trend in all matters economic , I fear the worst.
Conor , Doire,
The government never said that it's objective was to support the housing market. Period. This is a fiction of jittery middle-aged home owners living inside their pension.
JT, London,
Explain me why "reviving" the housing market would help in any way the real economy (an attempt at sustaining an asset bubble). None has ever demonstraed that house market prices afect the economy. Germany is close to recession and never had housing boom. Spain has a slump and is still growing 1.2%
Mark, canterbury,
I agree with David Martin. Anatole, whilst always optimistic, is consistently wrong. He is doing his usual trick of comparing a forward looking forecast to the current circumstances.
The credit crunch will lead to banks writing off a minimum of $1.5 trillion. We are at about $400 billion so far.
Jon Pratt, Reading, UK
I am surprised by the cynics stating "The UK does not manufacture anything" What crap.The UK has a large aerospace & arnaments industry and we are producing more cars now than 20 years ago. All Western nations have suffered a dowturn in manufacturing due to competition from China low cost labour.
Bill Rees, Truro, UK
BofE allowing more credit doesn't solve the problem long term. The economy distorted by a property bubble may recover when other activity grows...and that will take a long long time. Otherwise we lurch from property boom to slump forever!
Peter, London, England
Mr. Kaletsky please remind me of the famous product the UK is internationally known for ?!
George, London,
A remarkable upbeat forecast on an economy reliant on house price inflation and financial services coupled with a government spending crisis. However I do agree on one thing this is an opportunity to rebuild an economy based on selling houses to each other for increasing amounts of debt.
david barker, eastbourne,
>>>A low pound will stimulate shift from europe to uk factories
Matt , Swansea<<<
...by the time production costs in the UK are lower than in Romania, or UK products are more competitive than German designs.
AK: Does that mean it will all be over by x-mas? Again?
Sven, Germany, Europe
I may be being naive, but the article refers to "exports", not manufacturing. We do offer services abroad. The various mentions of "manufacturing" in the comments do seem to expose negative thinking (apologies in advance to all those concerned).
Ross, Herts,
Very confused argument. The US economy is in recession when exports are stripped out. These exports have been to economies that are lagging the US (growth wise) but are now showing signs of serious slowdown. So Kaletsky figures that moribund consumer demand in the US and the EU will help UK exports!
David, London,
A simple way to stop the housing market plummeting is to follow Australia's lead and have sale contracts that are unconditional after say 3 weeks, giving the purchaser time to complete their due diligence and the vendor confidence they will not be strung out for months by gazundering.
Michael, London, UK
As our banks are on their kness how will they help reflate the economy? The banks continue to restrict lending. The savings rate is minimal and consumers are over leveraged; a deadly cocktail. The City is in turmoil. House prices are crashing. It's a bear market!
Simon, Harrogate, uk
Thanks for your assessment
No manufacturing base?
Doesn't the UK currently produce more cars per year than at any other time? The companies making them may not be british owned, but their export contributes to the balance of payments. A low pound will stimulate shift from europe to uk factories
Matt , Swansea,
You were spot on last year with your prediction of the effect of the US government stimulus package, which is currently benefiting that country's growth.
I hope you get this one right too.
Matt, Swansea, UK
Any devaluation whether intentional or just by market forces will lead to higher inflation. Using this as a safety tool is only false!
Richard, Plymouth,
Should not Economists' opinions be put on the same page as astrologers and weather forecasters? I am sick of reading their differing and carefully conditional predictions. When I want to know what's going to happen with the economy I might as well step into a taxi.
Kevin Straw, Leicester,
Unfortunately Britain isn't America and won't benefit from a weaking currency. Here's why
Britain doesn't have a manufacturing base comparable to the US and exports are therefore not as sensitive to currency weakness.
Second, the US weakened at a time global growth was still robust
chris, Singapore, Singpore
A remarkably bullish assessment Mr Kaletsky. However you underestimate the ability of our Central Bank to 'do nothing' and still keep their jobs. The US has kept business oiled throughout this crisis with low interest rates and foresight. By comparison our leaders tell us what just became apparent
Will, Lincoln, UK
a few thoughts on this.
The US$ was weak for 5 years before the current export boom got under way.
The UK doesn't make anything to export.
Who would buy these mythical exports? A stalling Europe? a slowing US? Asia, the lowest cost manufacturers in the world?
Giles, Singapore, Singapore
Agree with C. Grant (Montreal). Common sense spoken in the press at last. Look at the components of the Eurozone - the only strong one (and this is weakening rapidly) is Germany. A large number of the countries are already in recession, and the strong Euro will not help recovery.
Peter, Guildford,
What is most amazing about the whole credit crisis, which has increased the speed of the downturn, is the poor judgement of the educated, intelligent, highly paid people, who manage the banks, financial intermediaries and regulatory bodies. Where is the accountability?
Tim Wilkinson, Beijing, China
I disagree.
This isn't the end... or the beginning of the end. It's the end of the beginning.
Peter, Lancaster,
At last some sense in the media. The UK has an amazing ability to talk itself down. (Will city bankers do anything to get a reduction in rates?) Given the problems in the EU why has the pound been under such attack? I guess it is an easy target for the speculators.
C Grant, Montreal, Canada
The only way is up for inflation or interest rates. The banks have know this crash was going to happen for a while but were locked in a race for market share with each other. A well known high street bank has been selling off and renting back its premises over the last three years.
john, weybridge,
If we consider an export driven up turn based on a weak pound,Do we still have a manufacturing base to take advantage.basically do we still manufacture anything in enough volume.
david, bournemouth, uk
Leveraging is unsustainably high - the 60:1 of the average bank means any default wipes out their capital.
The only thing keeping it afloat is BOE swaps for worthless loans - and that stops in October.
If Anatole had placed money on his previous forecasts, he would be bankrupt.
David Martin, Bristol, UK
Quote from the previous post: This will lead to the usual phenomena of the 1970s -- a wage spiral and strikes -- and to higher interest rates.
I don't agree. Trade unions barely exist any more, and the supply of labour is higher than demand. There is no bargaining room for workers therefore!
Peter, Liverpool, UK
I am not convinced. America is a much more closed economy than the UK, for we are heavily tied into the euro-zone. A weak pound may help exports but it will be highly inflationary. This will lead to the usual phenomena of the 1970s -- a wage spiral and strikes -- and to higher interest rates.
Martyn, London,
Anatole - I share your views.
Excluding economics the main difference between the UK and other leading economies is the degree of pessimism shown by the respective leaders. The comments by our chancellor have been far more damaging than any OECD forecast - we need a return to positive thinking.
Mark, Bristol,