Anjana Ahuja
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So, Nuremberg Zoo has caved in and decided to hand-rear a polar bear cub that has been neglected by its mother, Vera. “The safety of the young animal is the first priority,” says deputy zoo director Helmut Maegdefrau.
This somehow doesn’t ring true. Originally, the zoo was going to let the cub starve to death. The change of heart appears to stem from the fact that the cub is now in danger of being cannibalised, possibly by the other female, Vilma, thought to have eaten her own two cubs because they were sick. The zoo’s U-turn may also have something to do with the public condemnation it attracted for its refusal to intervene.
In fact, the decision not to step in was rational and in keeping with modern theories about raising wild animals in captivity. Early intervention can leave human scent on cubs and lead to maternal rejection. The death of a first litter – a female polar bear has about five litters during her lifetime – can also be a valuable parenting lesson, particularly for solitary animals such as polar bears, which cannot learn from other adults. According to Anna Plumb, from the British and Irish Association for Zoos and Aquaria, it is not uncommon for big cats to see their first litters die and subsequent litters flourish.
The human rearing of captive animals is frowned upon because it can cause behavioural and breeding problems. The primary purpose of zoos nowadays is to educate the public and to breed an “assurance population” – a buffer against extinction. A humanised cub fulfils neither purpose. Saving a cub might appease a baying public, but ultimately it deceives them as to what conservation is about.
Anjana Ahuja joined The Times in 1994, and writes for times2 and the comment pages. In her Science Notebook she writes about science, medicine and technology, and their impact on society. She holds a PhD in space physics from Imperial College, London. She is currently on maternity leave.
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If the zoo wanted to be REALLY practical and ignore public opinion, they'd sell the cub to Chinese merchants who deal in unusual animals to be served as food or medicine. A baby polar bear would probably bring in a small fortune. If the mother was just going to eat it anyway, why not?
Tom, Buffalo, USA
if they want to raise the animals as is done in the wild they should let nature run its course, the mother may have destroyed this litter but subsequent litters may be more likely to survive because of the mothers previous experience. saving the cub is useless for all conservation purposes.
Nathalie, Belfast, N.Ireland