Anjana Ahuja: Science Notebook
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Your hair is like a travel journal. According to scientists at the University of Utah, it can reveal the regions where you drank water. And so it can be used to determine where murder victims lived prior to death – and possibly to test the alibis of suspects who claim no connection to the crime scene.
Rainwater, the source of drinking water, is made up of hydrogen and oxygen. These two elements exist in forms called isotopes, which vary slightly in weight. As rainclouds move inland from the coast the heavier-isotope raindrops fall first. By comparing the chopped locks in barbers’ shops with local water samples in 65 cities across 18 American states, Professor Thure Cerling and Professor Jim Ehleringer produced colour-coded maps showing how water changed across the country. They published their work last month in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and have set up a company, IsoForensics, to commercialise the research, which is already being used in Utah to help to identify dead bodies.
— During the next few weeks a spacecraft called Ulysses will freeze to death after spending 17 years pirouetting about the Sun’s poles. It is the end of an era – not only for the spacecraft but also for me. Back in 1990 I was one of the first graduate students to look at the astonishing data that Ulysses sent back describing, in seemingly infinite strings of numbers, the invisible magnetic shroud thrown by the Sun over the Solar System. Ulysses’s planned five-year odyssey overran by a dozen productive years, teaching us about solar storms, space weather and interstellar dust. Richard Marsden, who managed the craft for the European Space Agency, has saluted this “terrific old workhorse”.
Its six-year orbit takes it from the solar poles out to Jupiter, to which it is currently voyaging. As it leaves the Sun behind, its temperature drops. If Ulysses becomes colder than 2C its hydrazine fuel will freeze. The power generated by the decay of onboard plutonium will soon fall below the level needed to work the onboard heaters. At that point mission control will no longer be able to contact it and a shivering Ulysses will be consigned to a never-ending, lonely orbit.
— It is also time for this old workhorse to bid farewell. As of this week I am on maternity leave. Before I go, however, I would like to thank the many of you who write, e-mail and post comments online in response to my musings, and to apologise to the (hopefully) few who do not receive a reply. I am proud of having such erudite and feisty regulars as the woman who recently took me to task for my scepticism about complementary medicine. Despite my failings, she wrote, she would continue to read me “because mostly you sound a sensible young woman and I am glad The Times employs you”.
Me too. I look forward to taking up my pen again towards the end of the year.
Anjana Ahuja joined The Times in 1994, and writes for times2 and the comment pages. In her Science Notebook she writes about science, medicine and technology, and their impact on society. She holds a PhD in space physics from Imperial College, London. She is currently on maternity leave.
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Dear readers,
Thank you for spotting the amusing typo: yes, I'm guessing that ALL murder victims lived prior to death. "Whether" should, of course, have read "where".
Incidentally, space physics refers to the physics of our own Solar System: astrophysics refers to the physics of everything beyond the SS.
I'm also touched by your kind baby wishes. I now have a beautiful baby boy.
Best wishes,
Anjana
Anjana Ahuja, london,
" Hair can reveal regions where you drank water and determine whether murder victims lived prior to death" !
Wow, this is news ! Now I am just puzzled : how much research and funding was involved in this amazing technique that allows to state whether someone used to live before it died ? I'm interested because I would tell you the answer for half as much :
Edouard, London, UK
Globalization of water supplies may be a problem for forensics. Archaeology faces a similar problem.
In radiocarbon dating, I understand the year 1950 is taken as a basis for the "BP" = "before present" system. But that could also mean "before plastic", because these products are made from fossil oil resources that would have lost most of their 14-C millions of years ago.
Thank you for your columns, which are always on well-chosen topics. More in the future, God willing.
Robert H. Olley, Reading, Berks, England
Space physics? Would that be astrophysics, or perhaps astronomy?
Or even spaced-out physics?
Andrew Milner, Karuizawa, Japan Alps
Link from another Times Science article:
Science News
"Hair can reveal regions where you drank water and determine whether murder victims lived prior to death"
More...
Anjana Ahuja
Surely most murder victims lived prior to death?
Ed, Wengen,
Interesting article, except for the water region comment. Perhaps it should say "where you washed your hair," instead of "where you drink your water." <smile>
I haven't drank a drop of tap water, even in tea or coffee or home prepared food, in years. So my hair must be a real geographic jumble, depending on where the bottled water came from.
Good luck with the little one.
Phillip, Indianapolis, USA
Considering that we drink water from a variety of sources such as bottled water shipped in from everywhere, and rarely from rain barrels, it strikes me as highly dubious to use these isotopes to try and prove anything useful.
wwz, Scooterville,
I hope you enjoy your new baby and have fun. After 17 years this baby too is likely to go into orbit but he or she will not be lonely but hopefully coast along with pleasant memories.
Brian Hardy, Nantwich,
Thank you for another intelligent column. Good luck with the new baby.
Janey, Norwich,