Daniel Finkelstein
Take a trip to New York and see the city from the air
Do you read this newspaper every day? Enough to keep yourself moderately well-informed? Fancy a ministerial car? Good. Stand by your phone. I am about to recommend you to our new Prime Minister.
Gordon Brown has his own ideas, of course. He tells us that he intends to form an administration of “all the talents”, a category in which he eccentrically places Paddy Ashdown. His audacious attempts to recruit such people have captured headlines if not, yet, any talented people (Harriet Harman, I think we can agree, doesn’t count).
I believe that forming governments of “all the talents” is a silly thing to do and I am convinced that if anyone actually agrees to Mr Brown’s offer, the whole thing will end in a total mess. But I have been cheering him on, and not for mischievous reasons, either. I think, don’t you, that I’d better explain myself.
What does Gordon Brown mean by a “government of all the talents”? He can’t mean that everyone talented will be in it, and I think it is unlikely that everyone in it will be talented. Instead, it appears that he wants to augment the Labour administration with experts, even if they don’t support his party.
So the Single Transferable Policeman, Lord Stevens, was invited to tackle the crime portfolio, Julia Neuberger was sought so that she could bring into the Health Department the health expertise she has accumulated at the King’s Fund, various businessmen are being empanelled (and some may be ennobled) to report sagely on this and that. And so on.
What Brown is doing is taking the in-vogue political idea of the age and flipping it around. Instead of taking issues out of politics and letting them be settled by independent experts, an approach canvassed almost every day by somebody about something or other, he intends to bring the independent experts inside the government. The central idea – the superiority of the political judgment of experts – is maintained. And that central idea is wrong.
It’s easy to understand why we respect expertise. Nassim Nicholas Taleb fills many pages of his new book, Black Swans, with caustic comments about experts, but he still finds room for this question: “Would you rather have your upcoming brain surgery performed by a newspaper’s science reporter or by a certified brain surgeon?”
Taleb then identifies fields in which experts are useful – livestock judges, test pilots, brain surgeons, accountants – and those where, as he puts it “experts tend not to be expert” – stockbrokers, personnel selectors, intelligence analysts. Simply, he argues that “things that move”, requiring anticipation and prediction, do not usually have experts, while “things that don’t move” seem to have some experts. Politics is very definitely in the former category.
Taleb’s friend, Professor Philip Tetlock, has subjected this idea to empirical tests and the results are contained in his excellent book Expert Political Judgment. He has surveyed thousands of political predictions made over decades by observers with varying degrees of expertise, using the accuracy of their predictions as a way of gauging how well they understand the world.
The results show that expert political predictions are only very slightly better than those you can expect from a chimp. Tetlock then examines what he calls, er, “the diminishing marginal returns from expertise hypothesis”. According to this theory, people who read a newspaper and have some general acquaintance with the issues make mildly better judgments than would be made by a chimp, but your judgments don’t improve much with further knowledge.
This is counterintuitive, so let me provide an example of the problem with expert judgment. The FA Cup Final. Chelsea faced this year’s Wembley decider without their doughty Portuguese defender Ricardo Carvalho, who was nursing an injury. It takes a little knowledge to appreciate that this matters at all to the result. But experts, realising quite how good Carvalho is, proceeded to overstate vastly the importance of one player being absent. Why? Because people with knowledge have a tendency to regard the things they know as more important than they actually are.
Using a political example, look at the reaction to the defection to Labour of the Conservative MP Quentin Davies. You have to be a political expert to know exactly who he is and acquiring such knowledge is painful (trust me). Having done so it is natural to assume that what he does matters. If you have no idea who Quentin Davies is, or perhaps just a vague idea culled from the papers, then you are more likely to correctly understand that what he does doesn’t matter awfully.
So that’s why I see little advantage in trying to assemble a “government of all the talents”. Except in one, slightly surprising way. Introducing members of other parties and none would be a messy business and that’s a good thing.
Media and politicians are obssessed with tidiness, with unity, with everyone saying the same thing, “singing from the same hymn sheet”. But much that we have learnt recently about taking decisions suggests that such tidiness is not a good thing at all.
The best way of making good collective judgments is to aggregate many independent points of view. But tidy politics works on the opposite principle. It is organised as a conspiracy in which everyone defends everyone else’s mistakes.
In a “government of all the talents” one minister might say something different from another. How refreshing that would be. And how helpful in restoring trust in politics.
Take Harriet Harman. During the deputy leadership election she said that Labour should apologise for the Iraq war (she unquestionably did say this, by the way). Now she denies ever having done so. Why couldn’t she just say that she had one view and other ministers had another? What’s wrong with that? It isn’t tidy. We’d call it a mess.
That’s why I do so wish that the Lib Dems had said yes to Gordon Brown. Oh for the brave new era of messy politics.
Daniel Finkelstein is a weekly columnist and Comment Editor of The Times. His blog, Comment Central, is a personal round up of the best political opinion on the web. Before joining the paper in 2001, he was adviser to both Prime Minister John Major and Conservative leader William Hague
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Gordon Brown's Administration has a simple choice:
Try a little honesty...or get ready for the BNP!
Garth Strong, Sherman Oaks, USA
The problem is that if a politican says anything intelligent, true and interesting, he press love it and splash the story all over the front pages. It is then called a "gaffe" and a political career is over. So savvy politicians learn to spin, and somehow the press have no weapons against that. If a politican says "before I answer that question I'd just like to say ... " it is boring and not news, and so he keeps his job and the question is never answered.
Malcolm McLean, Bradford, UK
David Gent wants honesty does he? He should be careful what he wishes for. The only people who can afford honesty are dictators - they needn't give a damn what people may think (think Robert Mugabe). A genuinely honest politican in a Democracy wouldn't last five minutes. If you doubt that, try being genuinely honest at work.
K.F. Leyland, Liverpool, U.K.
A "government of all the talents", Brown says? In other words: "I'm going to pick the best of a bad bunch, some of which are from an entirely different bunch". Do Labour have a chronic lack of talent in their ranks, then? Or am I just being cynical?
I like the football analogy, but remember, with Carvalho out, someone else had to fill his place - that someone being Michael Essien, not the world's most natural defender, but a world class midfielder. I guess you could say it was Chelsea's version of a cabinet reshuffle - placing square pegs in round holes! You could also say Chelsea had a similar chronic lack of talent, but that's a whole different story, isn't it.
Michael Goulden, Rochdale, Lancs
Can't you understand that if he was serious he would simply recruit some talented non-party people to get on with it. Instead we are told what to think even before there are any real announcements.
All this holier than thou spin is what people like you should be exposing rather than going along with it.
If at your age you cannot recognise spin then you should retire.
Marek, London,
Having written a book last year exposing how New Labour is wasting £70 billion of taxpayers' money on useless management and IT systems consultants, I could probably be classed as an 'expert'. But given that Gordon Brown was responsible for most of this massive waste, I don't suppose I'll be invited into the new 'Government of all the talents'.
David Craig
Author: "Plundering the Public Sector"
david craig, london, UK
I would settle for honesty, if politicians knew what it really meant
David Gent, Ashington,
So that's a vote for ignorance and confusion in Government. They've worked tolerably well up to now.
Frank Upton, Solihull,
The comment that "people with knowledge have a tendency to regard the things they know as more impoprtant than they actually are" s very close to Friedrich Hayekâs advice in dealing with intellectuals:"intelligent people tend to be socialists" but only for the reason that âintelligent people will tend to overvalue intelligence" (FA Hayek, The Fatal Conceit 1988, p. 53).I also have: "Experts should be on tap, not on top" .. but I have lost the source.
G R Steele, Lancaster, Lancashire
There is nothing wrong with a minister admitting that she disagrees with another minister, except that our dreadful tabloids and armchair critics like yourself would turn it into a national disaster. Who is at fault here. Your article today is already full of cynicism and Brown hasn't been sworn in yet.
G Hallett, Bradford, West Yorkshire
Advice from a chimp: 1) No experts 2) More mess
A government of all the talents? Not today, thank you
It is hard to teach the old moneky new tricks.Daniel what seems to be the problem?
Firozali A.Mulla MBA PhD, Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania
A similar theme to your post some time back about the average of everyone's guess of the weight of a cow being more accurate than the "expert" farmers and butchers.
Peter Dunford, Bournemouth, UK
A government composed of equal parts of experts and devil's advocates might be half good. The problem with the current crop of experts is that their arguments are only trotted out by other people who didn't understand their briefing, after the decisions have been made, and are only challenged by journalists who in turn didn't understand _their_briefing.
Let the experts on both sides slug it out in public, before the decision is made. Let them not be afraid to quote dreary piles of evidence for each view. If nothing else, it might put an end to those ghastly interviews and press conferences which feature a female cabinet minister beginning each reply with "of COURSE" in that condescending tone I last heard in infant's school
Ian Kemmish, Biggleswade, UK