James Purnell and Jim Murphy
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The shape of British politics became a little clearer last week. The next few years will be an argument between aspiration and conservation. The party that wins that argument will win the next election.
David Cameron may have worked for Margaret Thatcher. But in many ways he is a throwback to an earlier Tory tradition. Like Harold Macmillan and Alec Douglas-Home, he is trying to persuade his party that the Labour Government has produced a durable settlement on the economy and on public services. He wouldn’t have initiated the changes of the past decade, but he has realised he can’t turn the clock back.
His problem will be persuading the Conservative Party of this. But he has another, even more intractable problem. It isn’t just that he is a Conservative — it is that he is conservative. He knows that he can’t argue against the world as it is. But he has no vision of how he wants it to be. That’s why he is tempted to press pause in the NHS. It explains his cloudy rhetoric about social responsibility.
Such conservation would damage Britain, just as it did in the 1950s. The decline of the 1960s and 1970s can be traced to the deferred decisions of that decade. Our history might have been very different if we had confronted the Empire illusion, shaped the European Union from the start and reformed our economy in the way Germany and Japan were rebuilding theirs.

If Britain is to continue to prosper, we need to resist the siren song of conservatism once again. That is why the Government’s Policy Review is important. It is an attempt to do what governments do very rarely — to think out loud in office, to be clear about our goals and debate new ways to achieve them.
The central principle of this next phase of government should be the extension of power to the people. It is a principle that the Conservatives are especially ill-equipped to embody. It is an egalitarian principle, where they remain essentially elitist. And it calls for an enabling State rather than a shrinking one. The Cameron thesis is that if the State withdraws, then miraculously the people are granted power. But the opposite is true — if the State withdraws, then those with power keep it, and those without fall further behind.
But the old social democratic approach, which saw the State providing broadly the same service to everyone, will not be enough, either. People today have different aspirations from each other, and face different barriers, so public services must meet their different needs. Public services need to be personal.
So, we should resist the conservatism of both Left and Right. Instead, as Tony Blair and Gordon Brown have made clear, we should aim for an enabling State, which gives power to individuals and communities, and trusts them to know how to use it. This means government doing everything it can to help people to get on, and overcome the barriers they face Life chances should not be inherited at birth. That means an unrelenting focus on education. The Budget’s goal of narrowing the funding gap between state and private schools gives us the platform. We now need a debate about how that funding can be matched with reform so that more equal funding leads to more equal life chances.
Over time, the extra funding will allow us to give better individual attention to all pupils. It might mean smaller classes in deprived areas, or having a core curriculum with more freedom to teach. Academies are succeeding in turning around failing schools — we could consider other ways in which we can contract out failing services to voluntary and private providers, for example around helping excluded pupils.
But we should also be aiming to stretch those with particular talents. We could pilot Talent Budgets, where secondary-school pupils are given funds to develop their skill — whether for an individual to take extra music or sport lessons, or for groups of young people to pool their budgets to set up a business or get extra tuition to go to university.
Our aim would be an aspiration society. We could consider the model of the Climate Change Bill — of setting a bold goal, independently monitored, which then requires government action. We could also learn from the success of the Pensions Commission and set up a body to analyse the problem and suggest policy. Ministers and civil servants would have clear criteria to evaluate policies against how they would affect life chances.
The goal could be, as in Denmark, to ensure that children have the same chances, whatever their parents’ wealth. That goal would not be achieved overnight. But if other countries can do it, then there is no reason we can’t aim to do the same.
This would be the beginning of the next era of change in British politics. The conservative announces by his name that he wants to conserve. Despite a few modern gimmicks, it is becoming clear that Cameron is, deep down, an old-style “steady as she goes” Tory. In an era defined by the rapidity of change, that is far too modest an ambition for Britain.
Social responsibility is an important means — everyone agrees the voluntary sector is important. But it is not enough. We need a clear goal — an aspiration society — and an effective method — an enabling State. That is a more radical and ambitious vision for Britain than Cameron's conservatism. Jim Murphy is the Welfare Minister. James Purnell is the Pensions Minister.
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Funding is not the problem. If it were, the state-educated children of Washington, DC, would be the best educated children in America.
They are not. In spite of the money spent, they are among the worst.
Look to home life and societal values if you wish to find the root causes.
Funding is not the problem. And it will not produce the solution.
RAS, Bloomfield Hills, MI, USA
Whatever the battle lines, I think the forum should be the Cabinet with the PM as chair. As your mention of the Governments Policy Review indicates, any policy decisions deserve lengthy discussion, and I would be confident that the Cabinet could arrive at an appropriate decision. I think David Cameron has the skills to promote his views and get any resulting agreement in that environment.
Henry Percy, London, UK
"We need a clear goal an aspiration society"
Beyond parody.
Nigel Bates, Huddersfield,
What absolute twaddle! I was getting quite annoyed there with the poor reasoning and low standard of journalism - then I get to the end of the article and find that the authors are actually government ministers. No surprise there then.
How's this for nonsensical point-scoring:
"The central principle of this next phase of government should be the extension of power to the people. It is a principle that the Conservatives are especially ill-equipped to embody. It is an egalitarian principle, where they remain essentially elitist."
'Power to the people' is surely one of the core Conservative principles. The authors then go on to suggest that actually we need to swell the size of the 'state' to give power back to the people. Undisguised socialism, diluted only very slightly with some vague waffle about making public services 'more personal'! Keep it up chaps, the next election is yours for the losing!
Adam Neilson, Birmingham,
Hasn't Labour learnt that money won't solve the education problem? It will be another huge waste after NHS. Give parents the voucher and let them chose where to send their kids; let good schools, state or private, to expand with the voucher income. That is the way to improve the overall education results. In terms of class size, some low achieving schools has quite small class sizes, simply because parents don't want to send their kids there. The performance remains low.
Mark, Birmingham,
I have not got a clue as to how you can call your article 'conservatism'. I would call it a socialist manifesto that could have written by Michael Foot. To coin Ronald Reagan 'the government is not the answer, the government is the problem'. One thing that people with 'visions', do not have is the ability think beyond what economists call 'stage one'. Two clues, the law of unintended consequences, are you interested in 'results' or process?. Think these things through, generally the results of not doing this,means the results are not what the 'vision' had envisioned. Think of all the social problems that have been 'solved' with such disasterous results.
Desmond Taylor, Houston, USA Texas
To argue that the purpose of government policy is to enable people to "get on" is far too faclle. "Getting on"" in our kind of society simply means elbowing others aside in the rat-race for riches. Rather, government should be about helping people to "get off " the treadmill and onto the path that leads to individual, social and planetary well-being.
Stan Rosenthal, Lindfield, West Sussex
We don't need ID cards and more draconian laws in your aspirational and enabling state gentlemen. Less state interference not more,is what I and millions of others will be voting for at the next election. If you don't alter course, your ship is going to hit the rocks with an almighty crash.
Michael Rigby, Blackburn, England
If you leave private medical practice and its charges unregulated you provide no sensible alternetive to the NHS. One should not have to choose between a system in which one can be assured of the practitioners training and experience but has to endure a poor environment and a system wherein one cannot be certain that the practitioner knows the job but only that one is going to be ripped off. This is one area where we need to be empowered.
Robert, London,
The following statement says it all for me: "The Budgets goal of narrowing the funding gap between state and private schools gives us the platform. We now need a debate about how that funding can be matched with reform so that more equal funding leads to more equal life chances.". Equal funding has nothing to do with the life chances of state educated pupils - the problem is cultural and structural. Put a group of motivated pupils together who have comparable ability and a good teacher will get excellent results. The problem with state education IS the comprehensive principal and until that particularly damaging theology is abandoned, Gordon Brown will simply be throwing good money after bad!
Richard Marriott, Kidderminster, England
You say 'Our history might have been very different if we had confronted the Empire illusion, shaped the European Union from the start and reformed our economy in the way Germany and Japan were rebuilding theirs'. As, according to an EU opinion poll reported last week , 53% of Europeans think that Britain has the biggest say in international affairs of any member state, compared with 9% who think this is true of Germany, and 6% of France, why would we want our history to be different?
Maritz, London,
This is just another arguement for greater centralized control, under the guise of *people* power.
No one is closer to people than their local goverment. The greatest hinderence to people power is that no matter how much control the central goverment gives to local goverment in theory, without the ability to raise and spend funds as they see fit, rather than some Minister in London see's fit, the whole idea is worthless.
After 80 years of Communism and many other socialist goverments, it should be clear that centralism isn't the wayto go. The central goverment must give up power that it has horded to decide schools policy, land usage, and many other areas. Let the central goverment worry about defense, commerace, immigration and foriegn affairs....let the smaller local goverments worry about peoples everyday needs.
If it's needed, create another level of goverment similar to the US's states as a buffer between the central goverment and the local goverment.
Socialism is a threat.
joshua, Buckeye/Oxford, Arizona, US/Oxford England
The battle lines are aspiration versus conservation
James one word and I would comment. You totally and purposely missed out the word PRESPIRATION. Aspiration fine, but the conservations lie in the tiling, you know that hard work you do in the prison then you come out to become politicians? You missed that.
Firozali A.mulla MBA PhD, Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania
This is all a lot of tripe. The 'enabling state' is big brother and negates the possibility of people being genuinely in control of their own attempts to fulfil themselves.
It is true that the 'modern' Conservative party is, in the matter of the public services, a throwback to the wretched Butskellite gang but there is still time for them to come to their senses and learn lessons from other countries.
Dr J Findlater, Carnforth,
"The Cameron thesis is that if the State withdraws, then miraculously the people are granted power."
There is no underlying miracle my socialist comrades (as Gordon Brown would put it). The reality is quite simple. The State sponsored social engineering will be the first debacle and individual merit will get a real chance of promotion and recognition.
Can you imagine a society where the intemperence and incompetence of State is replaced by meritorious individuals whose conduct reflects human genius and which in turn motivates other individuals of our society to achieve similar successes? Of course it will be disasterous for Labour if people found motivation to excel rather rely on Government for solutions to every problem in one's life. What an egotistical article about presumed merits of politicians when there are none.
Prabhat, UK,