Alan Milburn
Win luxury hampers plus Waitrose vouchers & guidebooks
Here we go again. Two years ago the French and Dutch public demolished Europe’s plans for a new constitution. Now the German presidency of Angela Merkel wants to resurrect it in the guise of a new treaty. Europe is on the verge of repeating history rather than learning from it.
As a pro-European I fear the consequences for the already strained relationship between Europe and its citizens.
It is true, of course, that Europe has grown topsy-turvy as successive countries have clamoured to share in its remarkable success. As the world’s biggest economic market, the European Union is a magnet for new entrants. The challenges of the modern world — global warming, global terror, mass migration, organised crime — require more cooperation between nation states, so if the EU didn’t exist we would have to invent it.
While modern Europe is geographically wide, however, its public support is shallow. People agree with the EU in principle but feel alienated from the practice. Turnouts at European elections are a joke.
The EU speaks a bureaucratic language that is foreign to the public.
Too often it seems as if an unaccountable elite takes decisions behind closed doors. Scepticism isn’t peculiar to Britain. Elsewhere in Europe public antipathy is common place. The results of the 2005 constitution referendums gave it voice.
Pro-Europeans usually point the finger of blame for such public ambivalence at external influences. The media are a favourite target — and of course sections of the press have waged an unrelentingly negative campaign against Europe. The blame game also fingers governments for failing to win over public opinion — and in the UK members of Tony Blair’s Government could have done more to make a consistent case for Europe. But these explanations are excuses: a soft comfort blanket that merely induces complacency.
It reminds me of how parts of the Labour Party, faced with successive election defeats in the 1980s, heaped blame on the public for voting the wrong way. The public was mistaken, not Labour. Eventually we cottoned on that since there were many more members of the public than there were of us, it was we who needed to change.
So it is with Europe. The EU needs to stop pointing and start examining its own part in the gulf that exists between public and Europe. There have been two principal failures: to demonstrate that both its relevance and its governance are in touch with the modern world.
With the best will in the world it is hard for people to see the EU as relevant when it is too concerned with changing its institutions and not enough with modernising its policies. The valiant efforts over recent years by the European Commission of President José Manuel Barroso to shift that focus are undermined by Chancellor Merkel’s decision to make a new treaty the centrepiece of the German presidency.
And yet the public mood across Europe is crying out for coordinated and effective action on security and terror, the environment and immigration. This is the territory that the EU should make its own and the priority for the new presidency.
Instead, Chancellor Merkel warns of “historic failure” without a new treaty, even though new accessions, new membership negotiations, a new budget and new peacekeeping operations have all proceeded happily without one. Of course some reform is needed but far better to make piecemeal change that is focused on securing greater external public participation than on grand internal institutional redesign.
It is not just what Europe does but how it does it that has failed to keep pace with the times. Europe's institutions were born out of postwar adversity. People expected little say and experienced precious little choice. Then deference was higher, expectations were lower. Now it is the other way round.
Unaccountable decision-making no longer works in an era when the public is far more informed and inquiring. The new democratic thirst that exists among citizens requires from the EU a more modern modus operandi.
So Tony Blair is right to demand a rethink about what Europe is for and to reorientate its spending and policy priorities accordingly. But that is just one side of the reform coin. The other side is to find ways of bringing the public into Europe's decision-making tent.
The European Parliament in particular needs to think about how the public’s voice can be better heard in its deliberations. For example, by better linking the results of consultation to decision-making, especially budget setting. Or by introducing a citizen’s right to initiate new laws, giving the people of Europe a direct say in place of the European Commission’s monopoly over initiating legislation. Or by revisiting the 2001 Laeken Declaration’s presumption towards subsidiarity by identifying powers that could be delegated to nation states, local government or even local communities.
None of this implies that Europe’s nations can or should go it alone. Quite the reverse. Europe can build a knowledge economy faster in concert. Europe can better defend itself against crime, terror and global warming by pooling sovereignty. Europe can more effectively shape the world order if it acts in unison on trade, defence and foreign policy. But cooperation between nations nowadays relies on the active cooperation of citizens.
Unless the EU is prepared to address the gulf between rulers and governed we risk a bureaucrats’ Europe, not a peoples’ Europe. It is time for Europe to face outwards not inwards, to empower the public not the politicians. Elitism is out. Engagement is in. Europe needs to learn the lesson.
Read the training tips and advice that helped our London Triathletes
Times Online's new TV show helps you make the right decisions for your pet
Read our exclusive 100 Years of Fleming and Bond interactive timeline, packed with original Times articles and reviews
The latest travel news plus the best hotels and gadgets for business travellers
Shortcuts to help you find sections and articles


Why good girls pay good money for bad-girl baubles

Search The Times Births, Marriages & Deaths
2007
£47,995
2008
£42,945
06/2006
£40,850
Great car insurance deals online
£33,000
Macmillan Cancer Support
Central/South West
£50k
NHS
Nationwide
£
£30k OTE
Meltwater News
Nationwide
circa £70k
Central Office of Information
London
5% below developer pre-launch price!
Luxury Appts, beautiful gardens w/ Thames views
Great Homes Available on a shared Ownership Basis
Great Investment, River Views
Visit the ‘entertainment capital of the world’
at great sale prices!
Christmas Cruises
From only £995pp
APTs East Coast now from only
£2425pp.
Great travel insurance deals online
Contact our advertising team for advertising and sponsorship in Times Online, The Times and The Sunday Times. Globrix Property Search - find property for sale and rent in the UK. Visit our classified services and find jobs, used cars, property or holidays. Use our dating service, read our births, marriages and deaths announcements, or place your advertisement.
Copyright 2008 Times Newspapers Ltd.
This service is provided on Times Newspapers' standard Terms and Conditions. Please read our Privacy Policy.To inquire about a licence to reproduce material from Times Online, The Times or The Sunday Times, click here.This website is published by a member of the News International Group. News International Limited, 1 Virginia St, London E98 1XY, is the holding company for the News International group and is registered in England No 81701. VAT number GB 243 8054 69.
The 1975 UK referendum on continued membership of the EU was a con, because in order to come out of Eu the electorate had to vote for change - an obvious psychological hurdle. Further, the government's information pamphlet gave an unequivocal assurance that "No imprtant new policy can be decided in Brussels or anywhere else without the consent of a British Minister answerable to a British government and British Parliament"-- Oh really!!
Tony Blair & other EU leaders are now talking about amending existing treaties to implement provisions of the failed Constitution and are blatant in their reason.-to avoid referenda by member states, Oh really!! Any voter under the age of 50 in the UK has had no say in our membership of the EU and it is now time to let the people speak,-Yes really!!
We need a referendum, we need it now!
Denis Gudgeon, TRURO, Cornwall
I neither like nor wish to be in the EU in it's present form. The EU is destroying the cultures and individualities of member states. We had NO referendum on EU expansion and have had successive members thrust upon us with no say whatsoever. When Ireland had a referendum and voted no to expansion they were forced to have another (in breech of it's constitution) so that the EU got it's way....disgraceful!
Viv, London, England
Over recent years, people have become accustomed to the feeling that our elected representatives do not represent their views. This is especially the case where the European Union is concerned: over 50% of people now feel that the EU is a bad thing for the United Kingdom, but until recently only one of our MPs agreed. The BETTER OFF OUT campaign is a non-party organisation committed to making the positive, constructive case for Britain leaving the European Union.
Whilst we are happy to trade with our European neighbours, we are keen to see the UK trade globally, too. As China and India boom, it would be foolish to restrict ourselves to trading only with the continent. Like it or not, Europe is not going to be as important in the future as it has been previously. There is a clear opportunity for the UK to take advantage of the economic opportunities currently on the horizon, and missing out on those opportunities can only cost us jobs and income.
Cllr Keith Standring, Bexhill-on-Sea, UK
The EU suffers from bad press ? It deserves a bad press !
Dave, Swindon, Wiltshire
it is atrajedy that europe cannot throw up someone of enough charisma to inspire its poulation to do a USA and forge one country with a constitution. i for one would love to be a citizen of theUSE - UNTED STATES OF EUROPE which would be a country large and powerful enough to rival that arch swaggerer, the usa
peter codner, devizes, england
The people of Europe do not wish to be governed by " The peoples Republic of Brussels ". They do wish to be in some form of 'Super State'. This is a very hard sell to the Socialist Elite whose Vision is their entire life. Their own smug sanctimony and differential rectitude is very difficult to over come. Have a vote that says only ONE Parliament, not two. Get rid of the CAP and let everyone have cheaper food. Not pandering to a couple of farmers..That would be a start. Never try to do too much at one time, the politicians will run rings about you.!!!!!!!!
Desmond Taylor, Houston, USA Texas
Try taking a leaf out of India which has at least 10 times different languages, culture, customs and traditions. With history of wars more gruesome than in EU, but is thriving as one country.
Khalid Mian, London, UK
The main advantage of the EU is that the legislative mechanism is operated by well-paid professionals whose expertise and competence is accountable and is perhaps more fit for purpose and worthy of trust than elected government members lacking a record of prior high achievement in the world of paid work or successful business.
In the EU there are also degrees of separation from the divergence between promise and performance which can result from electing candidates who need to say what people wish to hear in order initially to secure power.
dr venables preller, Warminster, UK
Thank you for that cristal clear thinking. In a democratic regime, only people's desire can lead to unification, not laws or politics of any kind. Let's be patient, let the majority being able to communicate with a vehicular language. Let's give peace a prolonged opportunity by avoiding an, say, aristocratic minority craving for ruling. (This includes left and right spectrum of political landscape)
garnier, paris, france
"Europe can build a knowledge economy faster............ "The above three opinions are typical of the pro european arguments to justify this new power which is slowly and inexorably taking control of our lives. Looking at Norway's knowledge economy the first statement is patent nonsense. The second is a generalisation which could be argued about forever, and the third smacks of the old colonial superiority mentality which most sane people would wish to avoid like the plague.
Against these nebulus pro arguments most of the anti arguments are concrete and undeniable. I will give two only.
If MPs agree the next EU Budget we shall be paying £115 million a week to Europe. Second, because of Heath's treachery we are saddled with what is universally accepted as the worst fisheries management system in the world. If anything cries out for powers to be delegated to member states, this is it.
Finally a recent survey found the happiest people in the world all belong to small nations.
Robert Johnson, Whalsay, Shetland
I have been working for a European organisation for over 5 years, and over this time I grew more and more sceptical about European organisations. The basic problem that I see is that the top jobs in European organisations are allocated on the principle of trying to keep all countries happy whilst competence and merit have very little relevance. This in turn filters through the whole organisation and engenders a "wrong", wasteful culture very getting things done and dynamism have very little place. I think European organisations should be drastically reduced in size and refocused so as to avoid waste, complacency and the tendency to meddle in areas where things would be better left alone.
mauro boero, The Hague, The Netherlands
The EU is a product of yester-century !
A cosy co-operative born out of the cold war era - a government looking for a country to govern. Problem is many of its reluctant citizens do not care ( or are plain hostile) to its interventionist and expensive activities.
The marriage of socialism and corporatism - coupled by the sneaky way it bypasses the democratic process to impose its will on the people is just the tip of a very large iceberg - an iceberg struggling in the age of global warming !
Elistist politicians (with a public face of caring moderation) have taken their citizens for granted ! Manipulation instead of consultation - stealth rather than transparency. Let the few decide - forget the majority. Afterall , if they get a referendum on any subject they may make the wrong decision !
The failure of the EU auditors to sign off the accounts, red tape,corruption and the gravy train - means Britain is shackled to a corpse !!
Dave, Swindon, Wiltshire
The simple facts are that Europe does work and it works efficiently with a very small administration: "less employees than the BBC",
The criticism that it is poor in communication though is unfair: the fault lies still in the bad press (especially in England). Unfortunately this goes for most things: an up-beat press makes people enthusiastic, whereas a negative press gives people a bandwagon to climb on.
The most stupid thing is when one reads (how irresponsible to even suggest it) that the English should have a referendum on whether to stay in or not.
The Union is a success, let's just be positive and build on that and see ways of improving what we have instead of pretending that an option is to leave would make things better (I wonder for whom?).
Peter GODDARD, LE ROURET, France
Such is the strength of pacts between supply-side interest groups (farmers, big monopolistic industry etc) and government in Europe that they win elections again and again.
Europe is thus risk-averse, protectionist and not does not realise that by freeing up markets its own small businesses could do better and poor nations sell their products into Europe. Then European consumers benefit, poor nations develop. Europe needs to understand globalisation.
Many Europeans even confuse globalisation with capitalism when the real enemy is their governments, who are even as we speak blocking corporate activity to protect "national interests" (supply-side interest groups who win them elections).
Other problems arise as poorer companies aren't allowed to compete. We have to pardon their bad debts and the disenchanted among them resort in their desperation to terrorism. If Europe can't even "globalise" in a non-dysfunctional way within Europe we should start learning Hindi or Chinese.
Simon, Madrid,
Well, it's supposed to be a democracy folks. Take part: 1. Vote. 2. Hold your elected leaders accountable. It all starts at the local preciencts and moves out from there.
Paul Bahre, Granby, CT, USA
1. Many of the negative sentiments about Europe stem in my opinion from the same source; today's Europeans are far more selfish and egocentric than previous generations. The key theme is always 'what's in it for me', never what's in it for the general public.
This leads to nationalistic and chauvinistic reflexes.
2. Of course we need to decide what Europe stands for; but we also urgently need to decide how to simplify and shorten decision making. Having 27 voices at the table is just not workable in a reasonable time frame. Just eliminating the small countries doesn't work either; they are exactly the ones most prepared and active to cooperate. It is usually the large countries that stubbornly refuse to recognize other's interests.
Bill, bristol, UK
Great someone eles who knows what the problem is but has no plan on how to solve it. Yes we are in the EU and No we can't leave the EU, but we have to change it so it works for all of the people in Europe and we need a Government that has some idea on how to do just that, This article was pretty silent on that as is every other article that's written about the EU.
Susan, Barry, S Wales
I have lived in Brussels five years. Still searching for their principles.
Christopher Gillibrand, Brussels in exile, Belgium
I think, actually Alan you will find that people do not agree with the EU in principle as evidenced when Ted Heath (Tony Blair's spiritual forebear) knew he had to con the British people to join. The people narrowly allowed him to get away with his bare-faced lies because they agreed with the principle he said it was for. It was of course called the Common Market then and the name keeps changing to ensure you don't cotton on to what it is really about. The single country called Europe has been the plan of the political elites since it was first thought of before the Second World War (so the idea that it is to stop European wars and was thought up after 1945 is just another lie). The EU is solely for the good of the politicians as is the seat of power in any non-democratic institution. The EU is just the re-invention of the Soviet bloc; we are sleep walking to disaster on the scale of the USSR.
EyeSee, MK,
They can't even get anyone to sign-off their annual finance statements....so corrupt & inept is the EU. Do we really want to belong to a club like this.....?
Phil, Preston,
I dont know how other European countries treat the subject, but the provision of information on Europe in this country is minimal. As a result I think few people really know what is going on and the level of debate, if you can call it that, is accordingly poor. I am glad you support Europe because it is so clearly to the general advantage of Europeans, and the fact that the institutional arrangements may still be inadequate or inappropriate is no argument against the basic arrangement. More or less all we get in Britain is the politicking. What would be more helpful is detail of the problems that are alleged, but there is that old snag that politicians prefer to keep these to themselves for fear of loss of control.
Henry Percy, London, UK
Pardon my ignorance, but once a country joins is there a "way out" provision by which it is possible for a dissatisfied country to make a future exit? It seems to me that such a provision is necessary and would go a long way toward mitigating concerns about joining and staying in during times when troublesome issues arise.
It makes so much sense to me for an EU to exist, especially given the creation of trade blocs elsewhere. Movement toward full political integration may be another matter, however.
On the matter of ag subsidies, why should Europeans taxpayers pay for artificially low-cost food for non-European people? We do the same thing here, and it makes no sense, whatsoever.
James, Jacksonville, Illinois U. S.
The people of Europe do not want to be ruled by " The Peoples Republic of Brussels ". This is a very hard sell to the Elite's and their Socialist Vision. It would literally destroy their world
Desmond Taylor, Houston, USA Texas
With 27 members in a system designed for six, the EU has a problem. The EU's institutions are disconnected from EU citizens, who feel disaffected in, it seems, every member state. This allows myths such as the 'bloated superstructure' to develop. Actually the Commission has about 25,000 people, less than many city councils. But not many people know that. It may now be impossible to restore trust.
Both the eurocratic elite and national govts are to blame: indeed, we are relatively fortunate in the UK on having had one vote on the topic. Many countries have never deigned to ask their electorate before pooling their sovereignty.
But the solution is not to leave and rejoin EFTA.:
1. EFTA countries must implement EU law but do not vote on it: see the EEA Agreement 1992.
2. The EFTA countries contribute to the EU budget: 135m in 2005.
3. it is inconceivable that the UK could leave the EU and rejoin EFTA on the terms currently enjoyed by EFTA members.
Jonathan Ward, London,
The greatest opportunity that this continent has had for peace in over 2000 (possibly more) years, the greatest opportunities for economic growth and development, and you fail to take the bull by the horns, wrongly assuming it is a Franco-German machine (nationalistic paranoia, again!), assuming that change isn't possible. I think I might want to live in the US rather than with this lot of negative, defeatist, inflexible and backward thinking euro'septics'. Bring on Leonidas, Plato, Shakespeare, Beethoven, Einstein, Brunel (just a few of the "Europeans" who have had something of an influence on our history. The presumption that everything is better over the pond has led to an insidious sclerosis of European populations. More like the US, less like those dusty old UKIPers.
Jon Kingsbury, Southampton, UK
It surprises me that the accountability issue does nor raise to the top. All the europarlamentarias are apparatchiks, relations between them and ordinary citicens are nil, We cannot name our representative, much less vote for them or dismiss them. The most decisive single action is to elect the europarlamentarias by single seat candidancies.
Manuel Perez Lumbreras, Pamplona, Spain
Tony, Gordon or whoever... ...please give us a referendum and give us the chance to say "No".
WLP, Somerset, UK
How do you slake "democratic thirst" in a desert with no oasis in sight?
Mark Lyndon, London, UK
The EU is in danger, not from alienation of her member states populations, but from boring them. Another constitution hardly inspires belief in a new active century. America, China, India, Brasil and of course Russia are all pushing for new exciting projects. Some involve land reclamation, new national parks or sending men to the moon. Yet we have walked away from the European lead in Space Engineering in the early 1990's. Very boring. An accusation that can be equally placed at the door the UK as well as EU institutions.
Danielrober, London, UK
People in the UK do not agree with the EU but with a european free trade association. At the next general election any mainstream political party that promised a referendum on the basis of our membership would win by a landslide.
John Kane, Reading, UK
I'm not quite sure what 'Europe'/EU does that benefits its citizens. Yes I'm sure it must do something - but as far as I can work out its a bloated superstate structure of commissioners/lawyers/MePs that get paid a truck load of cash with impossible to imaging benefits for no real value. The original idea was a trading block and the free movement of goods - sounds good. It has become a meddling Franco-German superstructure we dont need.
Al, Newcastle,
I think that the difficulty of the situation is that ,on one side, we have no constitution (or an equvalent act) to advance democratic process of paneuropean elections etc., and, on the other, we criticise any definite sign of political unification,federalisation and so on. In effect, this is creating a source of dead-end road (cul-de-sac) for a further development in this very challenging world (natural sources extinction, lack of them in EU !).
The countries such as UK, and recently Czech Republic and my own (Poland) are particularly guilty in contributing to this viscious circle of political demagoguery preventing even a sound discussion about the future of EU.
The guilty are also journalists, who have a tremendous influence, but lack an elementary technical or mathematical expertise to understand any expert report. Politics and shufling money should not be the king, so I hope. for the future of EU.
Jagiellonian University, Krakow
Jozef Spalek, Krakow, Poland
We could start by scrapping the farm budget. Sugar factory workers in Bury St Edmunds should be free to buy local sugar at 86p or Brazilian sugar at 16p. We don't need the taxpayer to influence their choice.
Paul Stanyer, Milton Keynes,
Getting out of the sorry mess is the only real answer. What we are doing alowing the likes Germany and France any say in our lives I really do not know. They are, and will always will be, enemies of England.
D Case, Newquay, UK
We, the UK electorate, were not asked if we wished to join the EU over 30 years ago, we were railroaded in by Edward Heath and the only time we, the electorate, have been directly consulted was in the Wilson referendum over whether we should stay in the Common Market.
d.cheesman, purbeck, UK
For the EU to have an ongoing relevance to people's lives two things have to happen.
Firstly the national governments must become relevant and responsive to people's needs. Right now the lesson for the man in the street is that national govts are neither. In fact they are quite the opposite. Why desire more of the same?
Secondly, national govt is too big. Again, why ask for more of something that you already have too much of, and which is also so so wasteful.
Therefore if the UK government was seen to be less intrusive, more productive and relevant, and above all smaller, both the headspace and the will might exist to consider a European dimension.
Reduce the layers of govt, the number of MP's, the level of tax and the level of force-fed legislation and you might just restore the appetite and the sheer capacity to consider the European dimension to our lives. If not, forget it. There are already to many of you and too many of you doing nothing useful.
Mark Stallard, Cardiff,
"So Tony Blair is right to demand a rethink about what Europe is for and to reorientate its spending and policy priorities accordingly." Just a minute, hasn't Tony Blair just announced he supports the constitution being renamed a 'Treaty' to smuggle through the vast of majority of the constitution rejected by the French and Dutch?
Your sentiments on reforming the EU are completely over optimistic given the Left Wing bias of the majority of bureaucrats that hold the real power within the EU. The EU is where it is today, over-centralised and bureaucratically top heavy as a direct result of this bias. The structure of the EU closely matches the ideal centralist, modern left-wing model of many of its members national governments.
The bias is institutionalised and unlikely to change in the future. Britain should hold a referendum on its preferred relationship with a club whose membership rules and de-facto purpose has changed beyond recognition to the one we joined over 30 years ago.
Edwin Thornber, Bucharest, Romania