Matthew Syed
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Will spending more public money on sport help to tackle obesity? No chance. Gerry Sutcliffe, the new Sports Minister, will soon discover one of Whitehall’s best-kept secrets: sporting participation has not budged since 1994 despite an extra £3 billion of investment through the lottery and millions more from the taxpayer.
Couch potatoes have long felt aggrieved at having to subsidise the healthy choices of others but this statistic will give them an even bigger reason to march upon Westminster (if they can heave themselves off the settee). It is now clear that the great sporting experiment of recent years has failed to deliver the change in attitudes that was promised and has simply provided cheaper access to sport for those already familiar with the concept of exercise. The net result has been a super-size redistribution of wealth from the fat to the fit.
But even if the Government could magic a new generation into the sports clubs of the nation, it would not generate the wondrous fiscal benefits that are so often used to justify spending all this extra public money. Ministers and lobbyists often argue that increased participation in sport could eliminate (or significantly reduce) the £3.3 billion annual cost to the economy of ill health, healthcare costs and lost output as a result of physical inactivity.
It is an argument with everything on its side except evidence. There are good data to suggest that regular exercise reduces such conditions as heart failure, diabetes and certain types of cancer, which would take some of the strain off the NHS and increase productivity and tax receipts. But what about the increased number of sports injuries? And what about the gargantuan extra costs of public pension provision and long-term care for the sporty types who survive into an ever riper old age?
When all long-term costs are taken into consideration, the financial benefit to the Treasury of increased participation is far less than is claimed in the platitudes that pass for argument in sporting circles. So in such circumstances public expenditure could only be justified on financial grounds if there were a direct and powerful impact upon participation. And this is in the context of sporting administrators splurging billions over the past decade without generating a single extra participant.
We should not make the mistake of supposing that the London Olympics will provide a miracle cure. The 2012 Games, which are likely to cost £9.3 billion, will do nothing for participation if previous Olympics are anything to go by. So without a significant change in policy under Gordon Brown we are likely to end up spending many more millions of public cash without participation budging from its current level of 20 per cent.
Those involved in British sport may feel that it is treacherous to trumpet this systematic failure that has been so carefully hushed up. But unless this failure is confronted now there is likely to be a backlash after 2012 that could decimate public funding for sport. The political climate will not always be so sunny.
The core problem at the heart of policy is that successive sports ministers have abrogated their primary responsibility and allowed most of the big funding decisions to be taken by unelected quangos staffed by bureaucrats who don’t know the difference between a googly and a grubber. How is the Government to be held to account for sports policy when it has very little to do with it?
Sport England, the super-quango that has been given responsibility for getting more people involved in sport, has lurched so violently in policy in recent years that it seems to be in permanent need of physiotherapy. In the 1990s it managed to spend 34 per cent of its total budget (ie, the cash supposed to be going to sport) on administrative overheads and keeping its myriad paper-pushers in gravy. Its chief executive is Jennie Price, the former head of Wrap (Waste and Resources Action Programme), so just the person to solve the problems of sport in this country. Her latest wheeze is to require sports organisations to apply for grants region by region rather than nationally, adding massively to red tape.
The quango jungle in British sport is a scandal. Why on earth we are paying through the nose for bureaucrats to funnel money from A to B is a mystery understood only by those in the inner sanctum of what passes for sports policy in the UK. Why not abolish Sport England – and Sport Scotland, Sports Council Wales, Sport Northern Ireland – and give the cash straight to the governing bodies and other end users? A simple annual audit could be conducted to ensure that public money is not being wasted.
The newly empowered Minister for Sport could then use the millions saved to fund social entrepreneurs who have a track record of getting young people involved. Michael De Giorgio, the man behind the Greenhouse Schools charity (on which I used to sit as a trustee), has made remarkable strides with his programmes in London and has an unpaid board that includes Michael Sherwood, the chief executive of Goldman Sachs and one of Britain’s brightest businessmen.
The alternative is a continuation of the failures that have defined sports policy over recent years. And, no doubt a hefty march on Parliament by those forced to subsidise it.
Matthew Syed is a former British table tennis champion
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It was a real eye opener to me to meet some of the people involved in various sports' national governing bodies.. What struck me most was it can only have been sheer blind luck that I met them on the day that they had ALL managed to get their shoes on the correct feet.
JB, London, UK
Generally agree with the reply from Len Almnd that the government need to seperate physical activity from sport. At present government investment and statement in relation to physical activity tends to refer or go through Sport England. Investment in Sport (especially at a young age) is vital and should be encouraged. However a much larger emphasis should be placed on physical activity more generally through building an environment that supports/proritses walking and cycling and makes active travel the most convienient form of transport. By investing in infrastructure - the money may not be viewed with a primary focus on physical activity (this my be congestion, environment, plkanning etc - but physical activity would be an invaluable secondry outcome. The upcomming NICE guidance on phsical activity and the built and natural environmemnt should support such policies with strong and robust evidence base The difficulty for the government would be in measuring this increase in activity.
Mike Parker, Wigan, Lancs
Any debate on the contribution sport can and should make to the education, health and economy of the country is a valuable one - even one that starts off as one-sided as this article.
It's clear that no one yet has the right answer but Sport England is trying a lot harder than most. Why does Mr Syed suppose that NGBs will be any better at increasing participation than Sport England? Sport England are committed to increasing participation across the whole community - young and old, rich or poor, talented or not, male or female, disabled or non-disabled. NGBs primary goal is to identify and develop talent, and winning competitions. Both approaches are needed.
There is recent evidence that the tide is turning and this should be welcomed. Sport has to compete against a huge number of alternative activities for our leisure time and we need a strategic body to make available and promote affordable, accessible active recreation.
LO, Shrewsbury,
At last - someone who challenges the pie in the sky Socialistic 'if only it was so, and if it isn't we are going to force you to make it so' view of so many commentators / politicians of the left concerning so many socio/human habits / aspirations. The cretinism of a policy to spend untold ££££quintillions on the glorification of straining and sweaty muscles, when our only redeeming quality as human beings is 'potentially' our brain and abilty to 'think', - and therefore our ability to discover and add to the joys of higher spiritual and mental treasures and creativity - is beyond belief. Hooray for table tennis ! - about the only 'sport' I ever felt able to indulge in with any chance of winning the odd goal (or was it 'run' - or maybe 'rubber' - or perhaps 'set') - who cares ! On the other hand the Romans had to have their Coliseum, and Marie Antoinette ordered cake all round. So I bow to the majority (democracy I believe it's called)
john cornford, Arundel, UK
This article overlooks the possibility that without this expenditure participation might have fallen sharply. That's more than a slight possibility I should have thought, as the generation that attended school during and after immediately after the collapse of state school sport, was working its way through early adulthood in these years.
Oliver Chettle, Bedford,
The Olympics is an event that glorifies the state. Britain has representatives at every imaginable sport and a mass that would watch cockroaches racing on TV, but the spectacle is one thing and the enjoyment or the participation an entirely different matter. To see adults screaming abuse at their off-spring on the Sunday football pitch or to think on the junior school where there is no full time sports leader, or the school that has no playing field or the school where there is no compulsion to participate in sporting activity, is the sadness of sport Britain. Where Government should be taking an active part it does not, its only interest appears to be in some sort of ISO standard where it complies with international norms for providing increasingly meaningless spectacle. For amateurs to have their day in front of a mass crowd is laudable, but for professional athletes to do it, why? The London Olympics is a glorification of the state and has no bearing on our fitness, period.
Malcolm Turner, Alsager, England
The damage was done when sport lost its place on the school timetable. When school sport flourished, considerable work was done by sports teachers to link school to the community and thus interest in long term sports participation was well and truly fostered.
What has happened since? The do-gooders have derided rivalry and competition and sports facilities at school community level have been grossly underfunded. So the legs have been cut off but the body of quangos remains alive and posturing!
trevorjd, Torbay, Devon
Len Almond's point is a very good one. If National Governing bodies were to receive more money they would serve the narrow interests of their particular sport, and not necessarily very well. I personally would divert money away from them, away from Sport England, and invest it in an infrastructure for community participation by building accessible and welcoming sports centres, making the landscape more integrated for activity with cycling/walking routes, outdoor/covered fitness stations etc. Mass participation is largely going to be non-competitive so people need to be encouraged that they can just go somewhere locally and join in with a session or just do some exercise on their own.
Mark Middlemiss, Leeds,
Ah, waste in the public sector. Just the thing to get me all upset as I sit enjoying my afternoon cup of tea. Why are things like this left to the state to sort out. Surely it's up to parents to get their kids off their well-rounded backsides. If young parents nowadays took their kids for a walk in the country or simply played badminton or catch in the garden, we would have a nation of young adults who were healthy and outdoor-loving, rather than the pasty bunch of playstation/big brother addicts we're churning out now.
DD, London, UK
Almost hidden in the middle of this piece is the pernicious suggestion that we might well save money in the long run (is that actually the right phrase?) by encouraging couch potatoes to die younger.
The two-pronged Thatcherite attack on sport in schools (by destroying the morale and goodwill of the teaching profession and selling off the sports fields) will take longer than a decade and a half to put right.
Phil Williams, Shrewsbury, UK
God idea, but politicians are too adicted to the grandstanding and favours they can give out., so no hope for sanity.
Ian, Exeter, UK
Cannot agree more! As a hard pushed chairman of a local swimming club I am bothered by the way Sport England fritters its (our) money away on writing endless strategy after strategy without ever seeming to do anything. For every £1 thrown in the air hardly anything hits the floor. The major problem for sports like swimming is access to facilities that are run by local authorities who have utterly different agendas to Sport England. Many authorities are still mired in the politically correct 80s and 90s where minorities are catered for instead of the masses. As for 2012 success - forget it, it's too late already! It'll be another 10-15 years before the current state of play is corrected - and only if we get the actions right now.
Frustrated, West Midlands,
Sport England issued a joint initiative with the RYA to
give priority the larger and more powerful Ribs (inflatable
boats ) which could be used to introduce young people
to power boating as a sport , and could also be used for
rescue which is exactly what our teenage www.venturers
search and rescue.org.uk has done since August 1961.
Our application failed with a letter stating " does not meet
our target group. A earlier application for just £3000 towards
lifejackets and dry suites to start a junior cadet section was
refused with the words " insufficient sporting gain in
relation to the amount of lottery investment. we no longer waste time and effort in applying for grants from any of the
various Lottery Funding sources
Philip Pearce-Smith, Holbury , Hampshire
I totally concur with the sentiments expressed in relation to the lack of accountability and transparency in the various quangos that purport to distribute money in a considered and coherent fashion to the organisations that have a pressing need for it. However, I must acknowledge that I was rather overwhelmed by the cynical nature of Matthew's fulmination against the potential drawbacks of widespread participation. A seemingly eloquent argument was made to the effect that mass involvement in sports will not necessarily bolster the coffers of the Treasury as a result of pension schemes and sports injuries. May be so. But it is not all about financial gain, but more about the capacity to lead a life that is, insofar as is possible, immune to purgatory and difficulties. But probably Matthew was attempting to debunk the argument put forward by the Treasury as to why participation is essential.
Shahib Ali, London,
Participation in adult competitive sport is about 9%. Which is very low compared with other physical activities like walking. swimming, dance and non-competitive lifestyle sports. If money was diverted to governing bodies this would go directly to fund competitive sport which is fine and very worthwhile. However, governing bodies do not have a brief to promote physical activity which has major health and well-being benefits. Sport has a collective voice but there is nothing to represent all the different forms of physical activity who get no funding from government.
Let one organisation represent sport and let Sport England be responsible for promoting community physical activity. The problem is that sport is used as a term to cover all forms of physical activity when in reality it means competitive sport only. Ministers need to be quite clear what they are promoting. Do they want participation levels to rise if so sport is only one route - there are many other routes.
Len Almond, Loughborough, England
A modern, fuel-efficient small car puts out 100 to 150 grams of CO2 per kilometer. Plus about 30 to 50 grams/km breathed out by the sedentary driver.
A cyclist on the same kilometer puts out about 200 to 250 grams CO2 per kilometer.
A runner puts out over 250 grams CO2 per kilometer.
Which is 'Green' ?
Brian Vallance, LEFKIMMI, Greece
These are questions that have to be answered. However you are fundamentally flawed in your core suggestion. The real question to be be asked is how many people play sport that would not have without the government's initiatives- not whether overall numbewrs have changed. Other social pressures and trends may be driving activity down. Sport England might just be keeping it up.
Craig, Ireland,
Why should I subsidise people, who are generally from the higher spectrum of society, so they can watch opera and ballet? As far as sport goes it is hard to get more people involved when councils for years, under the Tories and Labour have been allowed to sell off playing fields and sports facilities making it hard to find somewehere to play sport. There are over 20 Olympic iszed swimming pools in Paris and Munich - a total of 16 in the whole of the UK. There are more ice skating rinks in Paris than the UK. How many tennis courts are available for a reasonable price compared to most european countries. Anyone who goes to Holland will see football pitches, with floodlights and changing facilities, in virtually every village they pass through. We decide to spend money on other things and then start professing to be surprised when other countries with smaller populations turn out morepeople who are accomplished at a number of sports.
Dave Proctor, Leeds, UK
Show me a pile of money and I will show you a bunch of con-men. What has exercise to do with sport? Never mind pumping money into sport - make exercise fun. Who wants to languish in a gym, even if it is free. Treadmills aren't necessary, just open countryside and beaches and we have plenty of both on these islands, despite our overcrowding in places. All we have to add is properly maintained parks in towns, and most councils are improving their record on that score.
Of course exercise of that kind doesn't give the government an excuse to increase taxation and hire more civil servants. If central government really wants to make a difference, pass a law that all new road schemes have to make provision for proper cycle lanes (not just painted marks that omit the double yellow bits and disappear just when they are needed most). That would help more than anything.
KR, Stockport,
Just offer the money as prizes to anyone who can run fast enough or jump high enough (calibrated according to age, height and any disabilities) to win it.
Frank Upton, Solihull,
Good article. However anyone who believes that the cost of the Olympic games Games will be only 9 billions will have a rude shock when the bills come in. My guess would be at least twice as much, possibly three times.
Simple Simon, London, UK
The current obsession with wasting public money and resources on massive sporting events is ridiculous. London in particular seems to be at the beck and call of anyone claiming to represent sports. Recently the entire city has ground to a halt for the London Marathon and the Tour de France. Homes and businesses have been seized in the name of the olympics and the general feeling is that a sporting spectacle takes precidence over the quiet runing of day-too-day life in the capital. It is time that the government (including Ken Livingstone) accepted that their role is to improve the quality of life for the voting public, not to paper over the cracks with yet more expenisve public displays of self-glorification - a tactic that did not serve the USSR all that well, and for which they are reviled.
RW, London, England
I don't think the money that has gone into sport has made access any cheaper for those already "familiar with the concept of exercise". It has gone on creating more and more well paid jobs within the National Governing Bodies (NGB) to cope with the ever increasing amounts of red tape placed in their way by Sport England. These positions are necessary because Sport England policies discourage the myriad of volunteers, that have kept the grass roots of sports going over the years, from continuing to do so because of all the red tape they have to complete to volunteer.
For example, if your club runs kids coaching, because of Sport England enforced policy, the First team cannot come along to inspire the kids unless they have been CRB checked by the NGB before they come down to the training session. The NGB has to hire someone to cope with all the additional CRB checks.
George Brink, Hinckley, UK
Absolutely right! Too much 'public money' (mine and other taxpayers) is wasted. The London Olympics is a perfect example of how enormous sums that could have been better spent - leaving much of it in our own pockets for example - have been committed and even more taken in the future which would have been better allocated.
Like many others in the I found ample opportunity to take part in a good deal of sporting activity in my youth. Schools promoted sports and had their own facilities and after that people organised things for themselves. The increasing professionalism in sport has not been the best thing.
Dr J.Findlater, Carnforth,
It is not true that "the 2012 Games, which are likely to cost £9.3 billion, will do nothing for participation". In fact they are set to make a big difference to public participation in sport.
All over the country local sporting facilities are being mothballed or permanently closed because all the funding has been diverted to the Olympics. Swimmers in east London, for example, will find it impossible to find Olympic-class swimming pools to practise their sport unless they travel halfway across the country.
This is the biggest difference that any government/quango initiative has ever been able to make to sport. Let us not sweep this achievement under the carpet.
Joseph Bruno, London,