Tom Stoppard
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It’s coming up to crunch time for Darfur. On Friday at a high-level meeting at the UN there will be nothing else on the agenda. Tomorrow, as heads of state and government prepare to converge on New York for the General Assembly, campaigners will be demonstrating in London and in more than 30 capital cities.
Are you bored yet?
This story has been running for three or four years and you might be thinking that another wrangle (or “high-level meeting”) in that multilingual high-rise on the East River doesn’t sound like new news.
You might be thinking that it’s over three years since the UN Security Council imposed an arms embargo on the militias doing the pillaging, raping, torturing and killing; three years since the Secretary-General set up a commission of inquiry to determine whether the Sudanese forces and their allied militias were carrying out genocide (answer: no, only pillaging, raping, torturing and killing); two years since the UN signed up to the “responsibility to protect” civilians caught up in mass atrocities; 16 months since the African Union came up with the Darfur Peace Agreement, and almost a year since the inception (on paper) of a hybrid UN/African Union force that was – finally – going to put a stop to the bizarre and horrendous spectacle of a population terrorised by savagery arriving on camels and in bomber planes; and that, meanwhile, the story on the ground has got nowhere except worse.
On that last point, as the preparations for the UN talks go on, in Darfur the hostilities have stepped up and the suffering of innocent people continues. The dead now number more than 200,000, and the “displaced”, meaning people who fled for their lives, ten times as many. Four million and more depend on aid agencies. A further half million are out of reach of aid. Refugee camps have a population of more that two million people, and can barely feed them. Darfur is a region where dozens of children under 5 die each day in the course of the largest relief operation in the world.
But tomorrow is the Day for Darfur, and, yes, the “high-level” meeting in New York on Friday is new news, and, yes, the General Assembly that follows from Tuesday is the first and – as far as the eye can see – last chance to establish a ceasefire and the means to make it stick.
Up to now, the “peacekeeping” has been left to an African Union force too small and underfunded to be effective in an area as big as France. The proposal agreed by the five-member Security Council and now to be presented to the General Assembly, is to combine that force with a multinational force twice as large, with police units and a civilian apparatus. The hybrid, which goes under the name UNAMID (UN African Mission in Darfur), is set to be deployed at 55 locations.
But although UNAMID will operate under UN auspices, its components, in fact its existence, will depend on the donations of individual countries.
This is the point of tomorrow’s demonstrations. This is as far as the story goes unless the richer countries (and not excluding poorer ones) stump up. Nation by nation, the Darfur campaigners are rallying to urge their leaders to grab this chance and contribute an honourable share of the troops, police, planes, helicopters, armoured vehicles, and whatever it takes, up to a total of exactly 31,042 personnel.
One can be so exact because, of course, the entire package, to be introduced in stages, had to be negotiated line by line with the Sudan Government. It took six months from the concept to signatures.
The deal is done, but (assuming that the rest of the world comes up with the goods) nations’ leaders will also be urged to keep pressure on Khartoum to stick to the agreement. The Sudanese have a track record of calculated procrastination.
The mood of tomorrow’s march on London will be angry at its place of departure, outside the Sudanese Embassy in St James’s, but perhaps closer to a demonstration of encouragement at its destination, Downing Street. Gordon Brown has worked hard to bring the story to this point.
A ceasefire will be no solution without a political solution. Quite what a political solution would look like in a situation where the aggressor tribes have now started to fight each other is a murky question. And geopolitically the scenarios include, naturally, the one about the West’s real interest being control of the region and its oil. The one about China, which buys most of Sudan’s oil, withholding its veto in the Security Council out of fear of Olympic repercussions, may even be true.
But realpolitik games are a distraction when the immediate reality is of destroyed homes and camps of desperation. The survivors want to go home to rebuild their lives in safety. For the first time in years, it’s possible they will be able to. The next few days will show. So tomorrow is the Day for Darfur.
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The country is a "nothing". There is no economic spark. The people breed like rats; the government is non-existent.
For HOW MANY DECADES have we been throwing money at Africa?
Send Joan Biaez over there -- and take a bunch of her hippie friends too -- and hold an "Aid Reliefe" for these people.
Leonard, Gulfport, MS
Ever since the liberal elite of the post war West told us and other European countries to withdraw from Africa,not one country (with the possible exception of Egypt) has made a success of their independence.
Everybody moaned about Imperialist domination and the woes of apartheid but what all these present day trendies forget is that at the relevant time the Soviet Union was desperately infiltrating all these foundling African states and by our abandoning them we left them to the prey of the Communist bloc with disatrous consequences which are still with the people of Africa today.
alan maddox, wirral, england
John and Julian, I used to live not far from a lady who lived with her daughter. Her brother came to live with them and began to drink heavily. He often became very, very violent and she was terrified. She was a kind soul. I do not know if she was religious or not, or what religion she may have been. That is not my business as everybody has a right to follow their own spiritual path and belief. I did, however feel, that as a fellow human being she needed help. I asked male friends to help (he was a big guy) and they expressed the opinion that it was nothing to do with them...leave her to it...she's not in our family.
I never understood why sympathy, for some, was dependant upon certain criteria. It has been said empathy is created through imagination. As a nation, imaginative skills are decreasing with the use of tv and playstations...perhaps we have lost the ability to look outside of ourself and feel compassion for people?
Pretty sure Sudan was a former UK colony.
fiona, Inverness,
I can't worry about Africa. I have my own troubles.
Lowell, Atlanta, USA / Georgia
We should care about these children, but we shouldn't care about the children being blown up in Iraq by Al Queda? this exposes the lack of sence of the CARING. Yes protect these children and do it now.
Dr. Moshe Golden, Modesto, USA
anyone remember Rudyard Kiplings, " The White Mans Burden"? Foreign aid, or welfare, only perpetuates the problem started by european imperialism. Let them figure it out themselves. If left alone to figure it out, sure people will die, but they may actually learn to govern and take care of themselves the way they did before the rise of european colonialism.
Steve, ANAHEIM, CA, United States
How come people are not as concerned about the Congo, where there have been many more killings and rapes?
Is it because the United States, Israel, and Europe benefit from the diamonds, other natural resources, and the sale of weapons that the suffering of the people of the Congo does not matter as much?
RandallJones, New York,
What happens in Darfur is a big yawn for most people. Most people couldn't locate the place on a map if their lives were at stake. The only people who are concerned about Darfur are movie stars with too much time on their hands and "journalists" with no other news to report. Ho hum.
Patrick Curry, Irvine, CA,USA
Gordon Brown and Nicolas Sarkozy's continued leadership on the Sudan question is very much appreciated. With rebel group infighting, things are fast getting out of hand - we can rest assured the ruling National Congress Party (Khartoum) will do little to stop the killing in Darfur. Why would they? They will have to share oil revenues with the South if the 2011 referendum on independence takes place.
One of Africa's bloodiest wars ended when the Sudan Peopleâs Liberation Movement/Army and the National Congress Party signed the Sudan Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in January 2005.
However neither side have the resources and the will to see things through - which is why China may be key to uncoupling the wagons. As a permanent security council member the Chinese will be keen to extend their foreign policy objectives, particularly in Africa.
This is a good time to step things up.
Griffin, Middlewood, UK
Wait a second, the UN Human Rights Council looked into this issue exactly a year ago. They declined to take any action-- in fact didn't really have much to say about Darfur at all. They did take the time to issue a report condemning Israel for its human rights abuses. That was pretty much it. I don't see how the UN can possibly consider the situation dire enough to need more troops when their own Human Rights Council pretty much ignored the problem entirely.
The UN has become an extention of European attitudes: a mixture of blow hard pomposity , barren posturing and moral bewilderment. I am sure the best we will get is a bit of finger wagging and a "strongly worded" condemnation. Who's going to anti up for effective troops? The US? Busy at the moment. That leaves no one. Europe couldn't put together an effective division between them. That's why the US had to lead in the Balakans, Europe's back yard. Threats to bite when you've got no teeth just makes your opponent laugh
Chris, New York, USA
You Liberals want to help Dar fur, but don't want to secure Iraq, for our own security. You can't have it both ways! Why don't you all go to Dar fur and help....your hypocrites.
Madge Owens, PA, USA
Leave it to Africans to clear up the ghastly mess they have made of Africa for a change. The assumption that the West must do everything for them reminds me of parents who run around fixing all their kids problems long after they have left home and is really just european imperialism by another name.
julian, london,
Darfur is in the midst of a civil war in which, it is reported, the government and a variety of rebel organizations rape, pillage and and indulge in atrocities. A whole "save Darfur" industry has developed which organizes demonstrations and collects a great deal of money but does little to help the situation there. At the U.N. all agree something should be done to help. I do not believe there is anything that can be done given the realities and predict the situation will contnue unchanged for years to come.
FREDERICK VAQUER, pasadena, ca
Thank God that these preperations are in place. States have a Biblical duty to implerment justice and it would be awesom to see this being take seriously in a genuinly needy situation. However this can only be done fully if they trust in God's strength.
The same applies to us personally. We are as lost from God as Darfur is from justice and order and this too can only be overcome by trusting in what Jesus Christ, God's Son, has done for us on the Cross.
Gareth Rhymes, Stoke on Trent, UK
Muslims killing Muslims is an old story. It is not in the interest of the West to play nanny to Islam. The mullahs did not attempt to mediate during WWI or WWII. In this they were more sensible than we. We should only intervene in the compulsive homicide of Islam when it threatens our own people and interests.
John, Middletown, USA
Darfur Day will always be tomorrow and not today, there is no real resolve or will and brow beating reluctant nations into action is not the solution.
Winston McSmith, Edinburgh,