Ben Okri
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The crisis affecting the economy is a crisis of our civilisation. The values that we hold dear are the very same that got us to this point. The meltdown in the economy is a harsh metaphor of the meltdown of some of our value systems. A house is on fire; we see flames coming through the windows on the second floor and we think that that is where the fire is raging. In fact it is raging elsewhere.
For decades poets and artists have been crying in the wilderness about the wasteland, the debacle, the apocalypse. But apparent economic triumph has deafened us to these warnings. Now it is necessary to look at this crisis as a symptom of things gone wrong in our culture.
Individualism has been raised almost to a religion, appearance made more important than substance. Success justifies greed, and greed justifies indifference to fellow human beings. We thought that our actions affected only our own sphere but the way that appalling decisions made in America have set off a domino effect makes it necessary to bring new ideas to the forefront of our civilisation. The most important is that we are more connected than we suspected. A visible and invisible mesh links economies and cultures around the globe to the great military and economic centres.
The only hope lies in a fundamental re-examination of the values that we have lived by in the past 30 years. It wouldn't do just to improve the banking system - we need to redesign the whole edifice.
There ought to be great cries in the land, great anger. But there is a strange silence. Why? Because we are all implicated. We have drifted to this dark unacceptable place together. We took the success of our economy as proof of the rightness of its underlying philosophy. We are now at a crossroad. Our future depends not on whether we get through this, but on how deeply and truthfully we examine its causes.
I strayed into the oldest church in Cheltenham not long ago and, with no intention in mind, opened the Bible. The passage that met my eyes was from Genesis, about Joseph and the seven lean years of famine. Something struck me in that passage. It was the tranquillity of its writing, the absence of hysteria.
They got through because someone had a vision before the event. What we need now more than ever is a vision beyond the event, a vision of renewal.
As one looks over the landscape of contemporary events, one thing becomes very striking. The people to whom we have delegated decision-making in economic matters cannot be unaware of the consequences. Those whose decisions have led to the economic collapse reveal to us how profoundly lacking in vision they were. This is not surprising. These were never people of vision. They are capable of making decisions in the economic sphere, but how these decisions relate to the wider world was never part of their mental make-up. This is a great flaw of our world.
To whom do we turn for guidance in our modern world? Teachers have had their scope limited by the prevailing fashions of education. Artists have become more appreciated for scandal than for important revelations about our lives. Writers are entertainers, provocateurs or- if truly serious - more or less ignored. The Church speaks with a broken voice. Politicians are more guided by polls than by vision. We have disembowelled our oracles. Anybody who claims to have something to say is immediately suspect.
So now that we have taken a blowtorch to the idea of sages, guides, bards, holy fools, seers, what is left in our cultural landscape? Scientific rationality has proved inadequate to the unpredictabilities of the times. It is enlightening that the Pharoah would not have saved Egypt from its seven lean years with the best economic advisers to hand.
This is where we step out into a new space. What is most missing in the landscape of our times is the sustaining power of myths that we can live by.
If we need a new vision for our times, what might it be? A vision that arises from necessity or one that orientates us towards a new future? I favour the latter. It is too late to react only from necessity. One of our much neglected qualities is our creative ability to reshape our world. Our planet is under threat. We need a new one-planet thinking.
We must bring back into society a deeper sense of the purpose of living. The unhappiness in so many lives ought to tell us that success alone is not enough. Material success has brought us to a strange spiritual and moral bankruptcy.
If we look at alcoholism rates, suicide rates and our sensation addiction, we must conclude that this banishment of higher things from the garden has not been a success. The more the society has succeeded, the more its heart has failed.
Everywhere parents are puzzled as to what to do with their children. Everywhere the children are puzzled as to what to do with themselves. The question everywhere is, you get your success and then what?
We need a new social consciousness. The poor and the hungry need to be the focus of our economic and social responsibility.
Every society has a legend about a treasure that is lost. The message of the Fisher King is as true now as ever. Find the grail that was lost. Find the values that were so crucial to the birth of our civilisation, but were lost in the intoxication of its triumphs.
We can enter a new future only by reconnecting what is best in us, and adapting it to our times. Education ought to be more global; we need to restore the pre-eminence of character over show, and wisdom over cleverness. We need to be more a people of the world.
All great cultures renew themselves by accepting the challenges of their times, and, like the biblical David, forge their vision and courage in the secret laboratory of the wild, wrestling with their demons, and perfecting their character. We must transform ourselves or perish.
The Booker Prize-winning novelist Ben Okri will be reporting from the US about race and the presidential election for The Times on Saturday
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Thats about the funniest thing I have read in years.
Frank, london,
I agree with you and the necessity of a "fundamental re-examination of the values we have lived". I recently launched a website -- www.defining-value.com -- which attempts to value companies and investments. It is not only the cash flows that are important but the 'character' of the company.
Amy Lauren Young, East Hampton, USA
Whatever religion we follow, it is the values at the core of it that dictate our behaviour, surely. Respect, tolerance, consideration for others, learning, understanding, thinking about consequences to name a few.
Greed has been our downfall. We have lost most of thel meaningfullness of life.
Avril, London, UK
I just sent out 250 copies of a Humanifesto to both friends and family who are aligned and to those who are undecided or voting, in this country, to maintain status quo. The US is divided between those who are willing to go into an unknown future and those who are afraid of the unknown.
destiny kinal, kensington, United States
Ben Okri's insights appeal to all on some level, irrespective of where the inspiration has come from. What I took from this was the need for collective vision. I'd like to suggest that the Writings of Baha'u'llah offer a vision that the world is yet to explore.
TM, St Albans, UK
I am a muslim and we have a system which we call Zakaat where we are asked by our religion to give a fixed share of our wealth every year to the needy. this is mandatory for the rich and the not so rich. In these hard times I think this would help.
Arshad Amin, Dhaka, B
Nice thought, but you can't stop people from striving for what is best for them and their own families. It's natural, and it's good. The state intervenes to provide a safety net for those who fall on hard times (not the lazy). Sometimes life gets tough. That's life. Overall, the good predominates.
Alex, London,
We have had our fill of 'sustaining myths'. There are no gods nor any external moral absolutes. There is instead our biologically-determined sense of fairness and cooperation; everything else is flexible.
Mike Andrews, Cheshire,
We have built in this last decade, nothing that will last. Responsibility for our own actions has been taken away by the Human Rights Act. Lawyers advertise to sue anyone, anywhere. Companies driven by profit at any cost. Criminals not to blame for their crimes. Everything, comes down to money
Brian Woodhouse, Auckland, New Zealand
If humanity has any hope left, we must put our trust in both economic and personal freedom. Private property, the prerequisite for freedom, must no longer be suffocated by statists and those of 'social concience'.
Dave, Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Wisdom re inspired ethics & living.Yet,eg,sign on a letterbox,"No world reformers": War & upheaval is caused by those who would ignore gains made,tear the world apart,kill objectors,& enforce(premature)unity thru eg, "isms". Divers ideological intntl.blocs protect against malign global dictatorship.
Joan Moira Peters, Whangarei UK Citizen, temp o/seas in New Zealand
The solution to the question raised by Mr Okri on finding values is hard to identify as there are multiple correct answers. What is important, however, is the process that leads to these conclusions. For centuries moral philosophy has been defining the process. Look to writings in moral philosophy.
Pete, Canberra, Australia
What a fantastic breath of fresh air! The wilderness years started when we became more interested in money than people.
Len Angel, motueka, NZ
unfortunatly pd we are past the point of no return. too many generations are striving towards the same empty goals.
Ed Robinson, leighton buzzard, uk
Fine words, but what exactly is this moral rejuvenation that the author seeks? By and large, religions no longer offer definite rewards in the hereafter for selfless acts done in this world. Egocentricity is the new religion. And great cultures don't renew: they die and are replaced.
Dwight Vandryver, Scholar Green, UK
Money people are the shallowest folk in the world. There are plenty of big guys sitting on a pile who are totally bored but will never admit it. Days are long and hard to fill. Go off on holiday, shop till you drop. Get more stuff but then what? You know this is true. Have I touched on a raw nerve?
James, Beckton, East London
Why is it always socities fault? People are responsible for their own choices, that is what living in a free society ultimately means. Even with the current financial crisis this is still the best time and society in history to be living in. Perhaps more people should realise this.
David Lea-Smith, Edinburgh, U.K.
I have a deep feeling that Life is meant to be a Joy for all of us, not just some of us, some of the time. The Joy is within us, that is our common Gift, we have to raise our awareness of it, live it, breath it, be it, every day and stop looking outside ourselves for the answer.
Carol, London,
This is a very well written piece, however if you look beyond the platitudes and moral hubris it becomes obvious that this is merely another example of "appearance made more important than substance" Offering no real solutions and saying nothing vaguely original, perhaps Ben's considering a career in poltics?
Joseph Rogers, Warwick, UK
Be the change you want to see in the world.
Ghandi.
Oh, and ban advertisements. They're sole purpose is to create want and need.
That'll do for a start.
Steve, Stockport,
what the christians have done and are doing to africa,has become a reality for america and britain, the few walk away with the riches and the poor pay the bill, in modern parlance rough justice.
michael joseph, cahersiveen.adams towns, madness
Oh please. "Individualism has been raised to a religion"? I don't think so - indeed never have the pressures for a (admittedly toxic) social conformity more rigidly imposed, with the full force of a panoptical state and its media.
Michael Taylor, Beijing,
I'm afraid that this is typically short on specifics and full of high-flown, windy phrases that will not help anyone.
These economic failures will need economic solutions. Man does not live by bread alone - but bread is nonetheless necessary.
Who decides the new morality - who is this 'we'?
Peter Lewiston, London, England
The article would carry even more weight if Mr Okri had included the clearly called for reference to his source text, i.e. T.S. Eliot's 'The Waste Land.'
Frederick Robins, Haslemere, Surrey
So what is the author's suggestion to improve things? This article is empty of content, just familiar wishy washy ramblings about the doom of our civilisation.
And to pd in Bristol, the Romans' problem was not moral bankruptcy!
Vlad, Dusseldorf,
I agree with Paul Carpenter, and found the sermonizing of this article simplistic and one big finger wag. I also resent being lumped in with his "we" - I know plenty of kindly decent people, more than there were in the Bible
Kathy, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England
This is typical doom mongering stuff from the religious fraternity - the silence that Ben ascribes to our complicity in "drifting to a dark place" is actually a vote in favour of the world we now live in which is immeasurably better for millions of people than, say, 25 years ago.
Jonathan, Godalming, UK
I love money. I didn't like your book Famished Road, and I have a 1st Class Hons in Literature.
I know which means more to me.
Howard Hughes, London,
Yes, but what's your point? There are millions of people - thousands of them op-ed journalists - who can recite in equal detail everything that's wrong with the world.
But strangely, none of them seem to want to get their hands dirty or risk proposing a cure that might fail....
Ian Kemmish, Biggleswade, UK
This was just a dingy, broad-brush characterisation of problems of which the author knows next to nothing. Will "morals" pay our bills or keep the heating on this winter? "We need a new social consciousness" is every bit as empty a phrase as anything our political leaders have come up with.
Paul Carpenter, Leeds, UK
Excellent article....adroit in its articulation of life, as it is lived today......greedily, selfishly and shamelessly ! Ben has hit the proverbial nail right on its head when he says now we need to focus on the poor, the hungry, the disadvantaged who make up the majority in our "hurting" world !
Dilip Bhatt, Singapore, Singapore
A wonderful article, so eloquently enunciating the sentiments that many individuals have been feeling. Proclaim it from the front page!
Suzie, Hebrides, Scotland
You are absolutely right Ben, well said. The problem is that a change will require a reduction in standard of living and many have not woken up to, and embraced, this fact.
The worst culprits are our govmts. The sooner they realise, the beter for all of us.
Steve York, Norwich,
A Fantastic piece indeed!!!
Mudele Kolawole, Lagos, Nigeria
A well though-out article with what is important to man-kind.There are examples of mans failure before, and if we do not change as Ben remind us,we will eventually perish.
We have to pay more attention to the poor of this World. We have to love each other as God love us !
Thanks Ben, God bless.
Jeffrey Churchill, Pierrefonds, Quebec.CANADA
A.N.London - Christianity is not the answer. Christianity has caused so much death and destruction over the last 2000 years. I suggest you read up about the Cathars and how these 'Christians' were persecuted by the Pope and 'Christian' crusaders. There is nothing wrong with athiesm.
Steve York, Norwich,
We are not morally bankrupt. This is the most PC generation ever! And, why should we want to be poor? It takes away opportunity, ask the poor themselves! We should rescue our planet through planning, technology and restraint, yes, but not bankrupt faiths in fairytale gods.
Paul Freeman, London, England
Wow. What a great column. But the old warning applies: be careful what you ask for. We should be cautious in adopting new creeds: "what rough beast, its hour come round at last, Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?" A new Anglicanism wouldn't hurt, but losing our great cities to Islam would
Joe, Brighton, uk
God is not mocked, What a man or woman plants, that they shall reap. The world needs healing and restoration and only a true relationship with Jesus Christ can bring that about.
K. Hagher, Aberdeen, UK
Surely the problem is that there is insufficiently rigorous testing for those who seek government office - does anyone seriously consider that Brown or Blair are honest or that they have the intellectual capacity to understand anything as complex as the beano let alone the economy?
edward green, Upminster,
Could not agree more. What ever happened to western civilisation? We forgot our roots and our history. Our faith in God and our common bonds of love and respect is what needs to be revived. There is more to life than accumulating wealth!
Paul, London, UK
Is it just me, or is the author prescribing state morality? Why not state religion.
There are different kinds of individualism and modernism, and any humanist must be sceptical to both rampant consumerism and spiritual paternalism!
Peter, London,
100% correct!!! What a dispiriting world we have made, looking suspiciously at your coworkers in the fear that you may not survive the anticipated work-force reduction and therefore continue to pay off the loan on your over-priced house/car/lifestyle! Greed and materialism-false gods!
Steve, Leeds, UK
Okri himself is a wonderful prophetic voice with a challenging message worthy of being repeated often. Such a message may yet save our decadent age from becoming rubble like so many of man's previous civilizations. Prophecy like this needs to be proclaimed. Thanks Sunday Times. More please.
Anton M, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
Brilliant article. It is my experience that objects and the status of wealth rarely make one happy. Friends, Children and helping to make other people happy is far more rewarding. The Plasma, Merc and computer games a creating a world of selfish misfits who think money comes from a hole in the wall
Stephen O'Mara, Tamworth, Australia
Disagree. Civilisation will survive. We will come out of this stronger, but not wiser. Poets and artists do not a civilisation make. Walpole was correct in his treatment of the South Sea bubble. In two years we will be back to where we were. This is not the apocalpse. it is painful but not fatal
tony, boston, usa
"Find the values that were so crucial to the birth of our civilisation, but were lost in the intoxication of its triumphs."
The answer is Christianity.
A.N, London, UK
We all need more hope, but large parts of the financial markets are still morally bankrupt. Look at the behaviour of hedge funds and their reaction to Porsche buying VW shares to protect the long-term future of the company. We need to live for each other not just for ourselves. Who dares to change?
Mike Donovan, London,
Couldn't agree more , and what a pleasant change from the usual . Superb !
Benzo, Nr Chelmsford,
Thank you Ben Okri and well done the Times for printing what matters now, the opportunity and necessity to find new direction. The answer is there in all the myths of all our civilisations, all things are completely interconnected. We must start thinking and acting like it
simon, London, UK
A great, thoughtfull article. This is the kind of wisdom that we need at this time, every great empire or civilisation had opulence and overindulgence just before their demise. I for one would like to see a more connected society, concerned for the the well being of ourselves and our fellow man.
Roger, London, UK
Beautiful article. This age of the individual is also an age of great loneliness, I will testify, where man & women are pitted against one another in the pursuit of greed. As a man of science I have turned to reading world history and philosophy in looking for a vision of a better tomorrow.
Stuart, Glasgow,
Wow! This is the kind of powerful wisdom we do indeed need nowadays... and for all of our futures.
Richard Bates, Beijing , PR China
Magnificent article - touched my soul.
Lynne, melbourne, australia
This article is stunning... a brief read through and this gentleman has me by his side... the biblical reference is just that... only a reference to a great read! However, this is a humanitarian article, and for this, I love it.
Mark, London, UK
I think this is one of the best articles I have ever seen published.
Well done Sunday Times for running it and allowing this excellent writer his say.
James Murray, Auckland, New Zealand
Dear Editor
This should be the lead article on your front page tomorrow and you should print it every day for a month. Then people might, just might, start to understand that without morality there is only one game in town and that is the eventual demise of us. Look at the Romans for an example.
pd, bristol,