Michael Binyon
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Is God indeed our shelter in the stormy blast? The churches on Wall Street are full. More and more young people are putting themselves forward for ordination to the Church of England. Politicians are calling for a return to spiritual values and bankers are demonised for their pursuit of Mammon. Has the economic downturn driven the West back to religion? Or are we merely seeing a plaintive echo of Matthew Arnold's “melancholy, long, withdrawing roar”?
Counting the numbers who go to church is a poor measure of faith: in Britain, at least, religion has become a contentious political issue, with argument raging more on television, in the press and on the internet than from the country pulpits of the Church of England.
And it is from the internet that a striking statistic has just emerged: some 71 per cent of those surveyed by Faithbook, a new multifaith page on Facebook, believe that a spiritual recession is more worrying than a material recession. And 80 per cent do not see the financial situation as a crisis but an economic watershed with moral and social opportunities.
Of course, those who seek out a website devoted to faith are more likely than most to be concerned about being beached on Arnold's “vast edges drear and naked shingles of the world”. But they, like everyone, are facing job losses, a housing slump and mounting debt. And it seems that when the going gets tough, the tough get praying: the survey by the PR company Global Tolerance also found that 27 per cent of respondents have prayed more since the downturn and 42 per cent had received a positive effect from praying or meditating.
The survey is valid not only for Christians. Facebook already asks users their religious views in their personal profiles. Faithbook posts commentaries from the nine main religions in the UK: Bahai, Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Sikhism and Zoroastrianism. Since it began in June, about 1,100 visitors regularly exchange blog comments, arguments and interpretations of their religion's scriptures and texts.
What all - along with the Prince of Wales - seem to share is the insistence that any faith is better than none. For those exchanging posts and commentaries, the enemy is not apostasy, sectarianism or heresy. It is indifference.
This explains why religious leaders stick together when railing against materialism, why Muslims defend a Christian's right to display Christmas decorations and why bureaucrats attempting to muzzle the expression of Christian sentiment for fear of giving offence provoke only derision among Muslims, Hindus and Jews.
Do wars, slumps and natural catastrophes help or harm the cause of faith? In the two world wars of the last century, God was invoked on each side. And for men rotting in waterlogged trenches, dying in camps or bleeding to death in no man's land, religion may have been the only available comfort. Organised religion was tested as never before.
The evidence is not statistical, but there are plenty of indications that those who are bombed or hungry or despairing return to the faith of their childhood. Even Stalin, himself a former seminarist, invoked Russian Orthodoxy in the dark days of 1942 to rally his nation's collapsing morale. And governments everywhere recognise that spiritual fervour can be the crucial motivating factor - whether this means sending young Iranian “martyrs” across the Iraqi minefields or leading a charge in Flanders “for God and the King”.
Similar surges in religious observance have been reported after earthquakes, the devastation of a tsunami or the atrocities of 9/11 and the London and Madrid bombings, as well as the random fate of their victims.
And from such catastrophes comes an upwelling of altruism, a will to harness human goodness to public policy. The First World War inspired the League of Nations, the Second led to the United Nations and, through the original vision of reconciliation between France and Germany, to the European Union. Gordon Brown called yesterday for a new resolve to forge from the current economic turmoil a unity of purpose to create “a truly global society”.
What is less clear is whether the return to faith at times of social and economic crisis is enduring. Barack Obama controversially claimed during his campaign that people clung to religion, as well as guns, family and hostility to immigrants, when frustrated. Atheists insist it is merely a blip. They point to a natural wish for solace, from whatever source, by those thrown out of work. And they argue that those who turn to God are really only looking for a stable and secure attachment figure as part of their coping behaviour - a conclusion similarly reached, to prove the very opposite point, in a study by Temple University in Philadelphia.
What is beyond dispute, however, is that faith generally has returned to the fore, in Britain and America and, spectacularly, across the Muslim world. Britain, one of the least religiously observant countries in Europe, has witnessed furious debate over faith in the past decade - partly in response to Islamist terrorism, but partly also because of the attempt to grapple with multiculturalism, to define Britishness and examine the values of our Christian heritage.
Little wonder, therefore, that here, as elsewhere, the economic turmoil has shaken not only markets but the materialist complacency on which today's prosperity is built.
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SPJ"...that is the very essence of irrationality."
Why misquote by removing "but reveals Himself[God] to those who call on Him" which obviously makes faith rational. Are you an irrational, fundie atheist pehaps?
Unbelievable what unbelievers will believe in order to remain unbelievers.
Greg Lorriman, Leatherhead, UK
"There is nothing irrational about belief in a God who chooses to keep out of sight"
I'll think you'll find that there is. I think you'll find that is the very essence of irrationality.
SPJ, London , uk
All right, you cannot prove that God exists - nor that He doesn't. Yet many people would claim to have had some experience, some communication from Him. There is nothing irrational about belief in a God who chooses to keep out of sight, but reveals Himself to those who call on Him.
Donald A. G. Burling, London,
Anti-religious people don't get to define the meaning of 'religiousity', 'faith', 'God', etc for religious people (who are united not by shared beliefs but by shared questions). This seems to irritate them but they're going to have to get used to it.
Daniel heslop, Bournemouth, UK
The earliest versions of the myth the Christians claim exclusive rights to are, for fairly obvious reasons, Bronze Age ones. They are firmly based on superstition.
Superstition is a human coping mechanism, as several of these posts clearly demonstrate.
Aiken, Glasgow, Scotland
David Flavell - It's tiresome having to repeat it, but even Stalin was not stupid enough to conmit his crimes in order to spread a lack of belief in a god?
He did so to gain personal power. And to gain worshippers for his own rival pseudo-religious belief-system (Stalinism). Worship is dangerous.
alan, germany,
" . . . . .those who turn to God are really only looking for a stable and secure attachment figure as part of their coping behaviour"
Hey Michael Binyon I'm not sure about your thoughts behind this statement but I can't think of a better reason for turning to God!
Mr Mayers is factually wrong
David, Burnley, England
You've got to love the hipocrisy of the dawkins disciples who disparage the faith of others whilst exalting their own. it seems fundamentalists are fundamentalists which ever side of the fence they're on
Andy, Glasgow,
"If the human race and God are so important, why are we such a tiny speck in the Milky Way, let alone the Universe?"
So that Adam and Eve's progeny could multiply for a very long time indeed.
Greg Lorriman, Leatherhead, UK
Beyond a modest level of material well-being, increased wealth does not mean happiness - happiness is internal, based on an equanimous response to changing circumstances. External stresses might bring this realisation to the fore. "The Kingdom of Heaven is within," not dependent on any god.
Faustino, Brisbane, Australia
Would this be the same Stalin who sent thousands of Christians to their death in the Gulags? Surely atheism was the largest cause of bloodshed on the planet in the twentieth century?
David Flavell, Hexham, England
If the human race and God are so important, why are we such a tiny speck in the Milky Way, let alone the Universe?
Paul , northwich,
Yes, certainly is amazing to see people clinging to Dawkins the minute there's a downturn.
Anyone genuinely interested in academia would not have to look far to find that Christianity is neither from the bronze age, nor irrational. It stops bloodshed and was the crucible for Western science.
Simon, Dorking, Surrey.,
'Clever' man's corrupt world without God - debt-ridden, oil-depleted, water-depleted (believe it!), food-depleted, mineral-depleted, murderous.
Man does not need religion (man trying to find God on his own
terms) he needs the Person who died for his guilt - Jesus Christ.
N.B.
Les, Ramsgate, UK
"Only when the world becomes a truly secular society will we progress a human can"
Religious myths need thoughtful reading but they are ciphers containing the deepest truths of our condition. On the other hand, belief in cumulative human moral "progress", is merely an adolescent daydream!
Daniel heslop, Bournemouth, UK
If religious belief fluctuates up and down with the economy, it means that "faith" - the revelation, the flash of light, the sudden feeling of peace and contentment that people claim to be proof of the Holy Spirit - does not exist. Otherwise it would stay constant. It means it's all in our heads.
Sam B, Bristol,
Predictable fear from those who still wish to believe in Bronze age superstition.
Only when the world becomes a truly secular society will we progress a human can.
M.Cotton, Canterbury,
Good piece. Perhaps there are two views of why people turn to God when times are hard. The first is that they'll cling to anything. But the other is that they tend to wrongly cling to, say, work or social life, as if these will provide deep contentment. Losing them can help us re-prioritise
Alex, London,
It is a common error by the religious minded that they alone have "spiritual values". The natural world is a grander place than the supernatural,just look at the Hubble telescope pictures. All great art , music, literature and advances in science are entirely man made, as is faith in mythical gods.
iain rae, tunbridge wells, t.w.
The real reason that "religious leaders stick together when railing against materialism", is because they all know that they haven't got a leg to stand on evidentially, but all the superstious together form a reasonably sized voting block., and are able to demand concessions for the "faith community
James Long, Reading,
Once again, the old "people turn to religion in a crisis so it must be good" argument.
How many people turned to alcohol and drugs after these events? Does that mean they're vital for humanity too?
Camilla, Burnley,
Economic crisis is no excuse for superstition. Imagine our scepticism if someone said to us,"I have an imaginary friend & he's omnipotent." We'd nervously slide towards thge nearest exit...
eric, paris,
People in times of stress put their thumbs in their mouth and reach for their security blanket. " from such catastrophes comes an upwelling of altruism, a will to harness human goodness to public policy'." like the banding together of American churches to steal civil rights from gays.
David , London, UK
Organized religion has, & still is the largest cause of bloodshed on the planet. Whether it be Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, etc. all boil down to "your God is not as good as my God". Spirituality, on the other hand, may be the only choice left if we want to save our planet & us.
Dave Mayers, Kamloops, Canada