India Knight
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The number of teenage pregnancies has fallen – in England it is at its lowest for 20 years, although Britain still tops the league for western Europe. However, according to government figures released last week, the rise in teenage abortions has risen noticeably. Half of pregnancies in girls under 18 end in abortion; for girls under the age of 16 there has been an increase of 10% in the number of terminations. For girls under 14 there has been an increase of 21%.
This bleak news has given rise to the usual calls for the government to introduce mandatory sex education in schools. At present the only legal requirement is that children should be taught human reproduction, which is part of the science curriculum. Some of the more vociferous organisations are calling for mandatory sex education and “relationship” classes from the age of five.
What I’ve always found really extraordinary about these constant cries for more sex education is the underlying supposition that children and teenagers are unbelievably stupid and that the 6ft 13-year-olds you see lummoxing about don’t know how babies are made.
Let’s assume the poor things really are all simple-minded, although in my experience that is far from the case. Surely even they could manage to remember four little facts? 1) Ejaculation can lead to conception; 2) if you use a condom you (generally) don’t get pregnant; 3) condoms are free from family planning clinics and this is how you put one on; and 4) this is all hypothetical since you don’t have to have sex if you don’t want to.
That’s it. The end. You could teach it in 10 minutes – five if you talked quickly. In fact it’s hard to see how you’d eke out these four crucial bits of information to fashion sex education lessons over 11 years, from five to 16, or why anyone would particularly want to: sex education classes, where they occur, are piercing agony for the teacher and a giant snigger-fest for pupils.
Besides, there’s always PSHE (personal, social and health education), which includes a module on sex and relationship education. (And which leads to this kind of conversation, which I relay verbatim: “Hello darling, what did you do at school today?” “We had PSHE.” “That’s nice. What did you learn?” “That masturbation is a healthy thing.” Cue hysterical giggling from children and their mates.)
Now obviously I’m happy my children aren’t taught that masturbation will result in a lone, long black hair sprouting from their palm (as a friend of mine believed until university) and that they know about human reproduction (it turns out that my eldest son, who sat a biology GCSE last week, is something of an expert on the menstrual cycle).
I’m perfectly happy for them to be instructed further – I wish all boys would have PSHE lessons about internet porn and respect for women, for instance – but I don’t actually think it’s the school’s job to provide them with this kind of information.
I’m perfectly in favour of compulsory sex education, on the basis that information is power and on the basis that any given school will have within it a number of pupils whose parents deliberately keep them in the dark (although even compulsory sex ed isn’t a guarantee of enlightenment since parents – those whose religion prohibits their daughter from acquiring essential information about her own body, say – can choose to withdraw their children from classes, wrongly, in my view). However, I don’t think going on and on about how we need more of it is the right solution.
What we really need more of is parental responsibility, and extra sex ed only where that parental responsibility is observed (by schools or social services) to be wholly absent. Basically we need parents to talk to their children and for lines of communication to be open. When I was a teenager, my mother observed that I had a serious boyfriend and said, “If you’re old enough to have sex, you’re old enough not to get pregnant”, and sent me off to the family planning clinic (not being a complete ninny, I’d taken myself there a few weeks previously). That was it, job done – and I’ve never been pregnant accidentally.
Not, by the way, that I think all teenage pregnancies are disasters: as you read this I will have been at my goddaughter’s baby shower; her mother had her at 17 and it was lovely. My own mother also had me at 17; that seems to have worked out fine too. There is nothing wrong with having babies at the optimal biological age – but only if you want to have them.
What I can’t believe is vast numbers of young women getting pregnant by mistake. I just don’t get it: how hard is it to use a condom or even to totter down to the chemist to get the morning-after pill?
Everyone’s always going on about the Dutch and their marvellous approaches to this subject – sex ed from kindergarten basically and few unwanted teen pregnancies. What nobody ever says is that the Dutch aren’t hung up about sex and consider it a normal part of life, to be discussed en famille.
You could argue that this is because they’ve all known about anal sex from the age of six, but I don’t think that’s the real reason (or perhaps it puts them off so massively that they’re in no rush). Despite their sex club/pot head reputation, the vast majority of the Dutch are rather old-fashionedly upright in their morals and have a big thing about order and rectitude. That, combined with a robust attitude to how normal sex is, is why they’re not overburdened with pregnant 12-year-olds, I would suggest.
In Britain we moan about how sexualised young children have become – which they have – and jump to the stupid conclusion that physical or sartorial precocity equals sexual precocity. Why should it? It’s the adult equivalent of thinking the girl with the biggest bosoms in the class is a slut simply because of the way she looks. We think it anyway and cringe from initiating any kind of conversation about what may really be going on.
We comfort ourselves with platitudes – kids grow up so fast these days, they know so much . . . The truth of the matter is that a child who has sex aged 12 does not do so because she loves shagging but because she is insecure and can be pressurised, or because she is insecure and wants to be loved/admired/ gossiped about/infamous. This is what needs to be addressed and it is what would make far more difference than years of sex ed. And that is a job for parents.
India Knight was born in 1965. She lives in London with her three children, writes a weekly column for The Sunday Times, and a weblog, Isn't She Talking Yet?, on bringing up a child with special needs. She has also written two novels, My Life on a Plate and Don't You Want Me?
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You can't really decide that you would like a whole entire new school system just because it doesn't have the religion you would like it to have. The one thing a state school does have is a consistent demonstration of what real life is! Which includes all the traits listed - it prepares your kids.
ben smallwood, CROYDON , England
"They do not want their children to be integrated into the barbarity of incivility, anti-social behaviour, binge drinking, drug addiction, teenage pregnancies and abortions."
Unfortunately this is an apt description. Blame a few decades of liberal idiots deriding objective standards.
Phil, Wales,
Salaam
Muslim parents would like to send their children to state funded Muslim schools. They do not want their children to be integrated into the barbarity of incivility, anti-social behaviour, binge drinking, drug addiction, teenage pregnancies and abortions.
Iftikhar Ahmad, London, UK
Not stupid but uninformed children who even if they know the mechanics of reproduction do not know how to deal with the emotional aspects and psychological peer pressures. Many parents still can't talk freely about sex and these children remain woefully ignorant on many issues.
Gill, London, England
You hit the nail on the head when you said that kids need recognition India. In a world where 'being somebody' is all important pregnancy gives young girls an identity. There is no other way for these youngsters to feel valued. They see it as doing something important.
judy, Liverpool, England
I love India's casual way of dealing with contraceptive failure, as if it hardly ever happens. Abortion is predicated on girls getting prgnant by mistake. You can't blame the girls for intrisically faulty products.
Meg, Bearsden,
I'm afraid some girls want to get pregnant! They don't understand the reality of looking after a child with little support/money. I have told my 2 sons that always using a condom will stop them becoming unwilling fathers - never trust a girl who says she's on the pill. They can 'forget' to take it!
Donna Walker, Effingham, England
Children think that by having sex they will become more grown-up.
The problem is that they are right, but not in the way that they mean.
Malcolm McLean, Bradford, UK
No no, the stupid ones are not the teeenagers: the stupid ones are the teachers and others who cherish an illusion that 'teaching them to know the difference between right and wrong (or between prudent and foolish)' is the same thing as teaching them to direct their actions accordingly.
terry, london,
It's hardly surprising our daughters (and sons) turn out lascivious when we gave them everything without ever saying no. They've become lazy and complacent, expecting everything for nothing. And now that they are parents they are still selfish and their children are completely out of control.
Lily, London,
It seems that a fundamental problem for young girls today is that they don't seem to be told that they don't have to have sex if they don't want to no matter what their friends, or the boys trying to shag, them say.
Sadly a lot of young men don't seem to think girls have the right to say no either
Thalia, London,
The point we are all missing is the moral and familial breakdown of our (the UK) society. This has been promulgated and encouraged by this and previous government legislation, advertisement and so called personal choice.
Where, and what is, 'the family' in our society of today?
Ian metcalfe, cambridge, UK
First thing first , it would be stupid to think that teenagers are unaware about sex and child birth. Media and technology has opened wide vistas of knowledge deluge.What I feel is, to blot out the taboo of the word "Sex",let us name sex education as "Human Relationship education,make it mandatory
sandy, New Delhi, India
A lot of what India says is right, but her analysis of the sexuality of young girls flies in the face of truth. Many are well into masturbation by the age of twelve, many as young as five or earlier. These facts about the young female actually liking the pleasures of sex is hidden too often.
John P, Westcliff on sea, England. U.K.
If teenagers aren't "unbelievably stupid", how come so many get pregnant accidentally? Perhaps they haven't been given enough information about the whole topic and are in need of something more than just basic biology lessons. Many parents tell them nothing so the schools should step in.
Toni Summers Hargis, Chicago, USA
I find it strange that the sex-in-Britain debate (& this essay) is so Victorian. Female desire doesn't exist, male desire must be feared and mistrusted, and girls have sex b/c they're troubled or something is wrong with them. With attitudes like that, I doubt sex ed can do very much for you!
Andrew Baker, Oxford, UK
Why don't the media, the fashion industry, parents and schools join forces to teach teenagers that it's okay to stay young and that they don't have to rush out and behave like an adult. Maybe then, a lot of them would stop drinking, smoking and having sex.
James, Lincoln,
It is not OK to have a child at 17. A child is a lifelong responsibility so few at 17 are mature enough to make the sacrifices, she should be in education, will not have the money to provide for the child nor should she commit to a man at 17. Benefit dependency is not an viable lifestyle.
R Mason, R Mason, UK
"the vast majority of the Dutch are rather old-fashionedly upright in their morals and have a big thing about order and rectitude."
And that is what we need to teach children. They are taught to recycle, to not be racist, to swim.
Impress morals and rectitude on them in the same way.
cam, essex,
Children grow up seeing every day of their lives a man and a women in bed together - their mother and father - or these days perhaps another man. The real problem of modern society is that even a mother and father in bed together cannot be talked about. It shows how primitive we actually are.
Brian Lewis, Manila, Philippines
In response to Chris:
Despite that biological fact that the boy cannot become pregnant (and yes, the girl SHOULD be responsible), that is not a viable excuse for the boy's ignorance or lack of responsibility. It takes two to tango, after all.
TexAnne, Indiana, USA
If you want to know how ignorant children are today despite
sex education go online to Yahoo answers and look under Health. Half of them don't know a tihingi about the basics They are still asking can they get pregnant if they French kiss! They snigger and boast but they are still in the dark.
Kate, Victoria BC, Canada
Surely the number of teenage pregnancies has fallen in the last twenty years due to there being fewer teenagers around (now that those blasted baby boomers are finally starting to die off!)? If that is the case then the rate of teenage pregnancies and comparisions to similair societies is relevant.
Tom, Saporro,
Oh dear.
When a young girl has sex it might be because she thinks it'll make her seem more grown up.
Most of the rest of us simply think that it makes her look like a slut.
At the end of the day, as a boy cannot become pregnant, it MUST be the girl's responsibility to keep herself safe.
Chris Palmer, Winchester,
Despite your later arguments, you still fall into the typical error of Social Services : "young WOMEN getting pregnant by mistake"
A pregnant child is still a child. That is why most of them have sex (or start smoking for that matter) in the first place - it makes them an ADULT, a WOMAN!
BP Vallance, Corfu, Greece