Janice Turner
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Beside me in the cash machine queue was a face I hadn't seen for 20-odd years, a boy I was at school with in South Yorkshire, right here, bizarrely, outside my local London supermarket. Back then he was a cool, much-fancied punk; I was a geeky girl. So naturally we seldom spoke, but, as he said over coffee in Starbucks, we should have done. We didn't know at 16 that we shared an urgent, blazing passion to escape our ugly town, to see if the world offered more possibilities than our working-class parents' honourable but limited lives.
Like me he has lost touch with almost everyone from our top stream of that dire comprehensive. His sisters live right by his parents, and never wanted anything more. They're impressed with his PhD but don't fathom why he's an artist when he could have a proper job. We discussed another boy, the undisputed alpha male of our year, handsome, clever and charismatic, who won a place at an excellent university down south but, finding himself surrounded by baying, snobbish Sloanes, junked his degree within a year to marry his sixth-form girlfriend. “I bumped into him once,” said my old classmate, head shaking in bemusement. “He just went on about how he could never live in London because of the beer prices.”
Who am I to judge another's life or suggest that we who head for The Smoke have anything to teach those who stay behind? Indeed, studies show that living in a close community is the key determinant of happiness. But to opt for the life you were born to should be a choice, not a sentence. And it strikes me that social mobility is limited in Britain because so many of its untold obstacles are invisible to those who walk on to the educational travelator at 3 and step off at 21 holding a ribboned scroll.
The Sutton Trust report this week into how educational attainment is linked to social class evoked a powerful and depressing image. A pair of three-year-olds; one poor but bright, scoring brilliantly in tests, the other rich but dim, struggling to answer. Then the same children returning aged 7; the poor child now freefalling down the percentile charts, the rich but dim soaring to overtake him. How angry we should be at that crude determinism between wealth and achievement, this wretched leeching of potential.
And yet what do we expect in an educational system more heavily predicated than ever upon parental involvement? When I was growing up my mother helped me with the odd spelling test. But now we are expected to hear our children read every day, to drill them in tables, to come into school to be briefed in the weird world of modern maths — “number lines” and newfangled multiplication methods — so we can better teach them to our children. Which is fine, although deeply boring, if you have time. But many parents, probably poorer ones, don't, returning late and tired from second jobs to cramped homes with little study space. And that is years before we get cracking on their GCSE coursework.
At state schools you perpetually feel there is a shortfall: a child is trailing behind, isn't challenged enough. But it is up to you to identify this and insist something is done. (Or else beg your friends for the name of a private tutor.) I met one mother en route to take issue with a teacher who had described her son as average: “But he can't be average,” she cried. “I'm not average and neither is his father.” It is this parental proactivity, confidence and above all expectation that led to the greater glory of Tim rich-but-dim.
But fulfilling talent shouldn't be about having a determined mother who can play the system. There is no moral reason why children in poorer neighbourhoods should be excluded from the highest-achieving secondary schools just because their parents cannot afford an overpriced house in the catchment area. Oversubscribed schools, however much parents and estate agents will gnash and weep, should be allocated, within a broad area, by simple lottery.
But more than that, if we are serious about offsetting Britain's inequality of wealth (the widest in any Western country outside America) we have to make precise and deliberate efforts to airlift the talented poor from failure or mediocrity. In the all-shall-have- prizes state system, which has the hard enough task of getting a class of 30 to reach a minimum level, they will rarely excel. Among all the new city academies for sport, languages or internet gambling, there should be an academy of excellence in every city, means-tested to keep at bay the pointy-elbowed middle classes. Unlike the grammar schools it would not select purely on test results (since many working-class kids have already fallen behind by 11) but as the best private schools do, on the basis of interviews to determine raw potential.
Fast-track these children and drum into them their right to jobs in medicine and politics, law and science. For all the clichéd caricaturing of the young as wanting only hollow talent-free X-Factor or reality TV fame, who can blame them when they are never offered the career paths that could truly lead to a more affluent life?
Perhaps this will increase the lamentable 28 per cent of working-class kids who, despite the expansion of higher education, have trickled into degree courses. Instead these extra places have gone to the stupider spawn of the well-off, who would once head straight for the City to run posh hotel gifte shoppes or toil at Foxtons.
And I would like to see a poster up in every school, in every nursery even, saying “Your child can go to college”, explaining that means-tested government grants are available for poorer candidates. Because I don't believe anyone knows that they exist. Instead, the equation in parents' minds is degree = whacking great debt; and for those nearest the economic edge, that is something to fear and dread.
Finally, those intrepid children who take off on an odyssey through the class system need reassurance and understanding — to stop them being intimidated by the drawling, private-school privileged who wonder why you don't ski or ride or speak fluent Italian, then brand you chippy when you explain why.
It is hard to keep connected with where you came from when your loved ones believe you left them behind. No wonder some retreat to where the ale is still cheap. Social mobility is a hard enough journey, it shouldn't be an exile.

Janice Turner joined The Times in 2003 from The Guardian, and writes mainly, but not exclusively, on family matters and women's issues. Her column appears on Saturdays
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My 11 year old has been consistantly top of every subject he has been taught. His primary school teachers have identified his tallents and gifts and he has been selected by our education authority for severel short courses for giffted and tallented children.
Our rented house is in the catchment area of a nightmare secondary school where an asbo is considered a qualification. The nearest good school is five miles away. It has a catchment area of less than half a mile radius from the school where property is twice the price to rent or buy.
Four children in my sons primary class will get places at the good school next year. 1 had s.e.n. streamlining.
1 child had a sibbling who has just got in to the 6th form there. 2 had parents who bought property in the catchment area boasting that they will sell their "undersized" houses as soon as their not so bright children have secured a place at the school.
My son is guaranteed not to get a place at the school.
Bursary for Habs maybe?
J, London,
Janice Turner very perceptively expresses the concerns and priorities of educationists who come from working class and provincial backgrounds,
The idea of lotteries to allocate educational opportunity more widely is a policy of despair and should not be entertained. Her demand that there should be a centre of scholastic excellence to which every child has access is absolutely just and the shortcomings of the present system remind us that there should als be an equally prestigious centre of vocational excellence available.
The problem remains of the fair allocation of these opportunities. Fortunately a solution is emerging with the grouping of schools into consortiums, so that complete educational choice is available over the pooled resources of all the participating schools.It is the single exclusive school unit that is the obstacle to free curricular choice. The resources and standards of the consortiums are able to outstrip those of the best private schools.
David Yendley, Greater Manchester, England
Albert the Gnome: it ain't what you write, it's the way that you write it. And if my point was obvious, I'm afraid it clearly hadn't occurred to you.
I think we agree on the condition. What we do not agree on is the treatment. Justice is rarely well-served by chippiness.
Neil, Oxford,
I always read this columnist with interest and pleasure, but in this case am quite annoyed.
Yes, as a country we must do something to stop losing our intellectual capital in the form of bright children who don't get a good education - whether it's by opening new grammar schools, academies for excellence of parachuting them into the private system. I don't myself care how it's achieved, as long as it gets done, and fast.
However, any parent knows that evidence of brightness at 3 is no guarantee of brightness remaining at 7, or indeed 11. Children seem to switch on and off, and different bits of them seem to develop at different times and rates. So the Sutton Trust's findings do not prove anything to me.
I do also think that, in additon to schools, parents have a huge responsibility. Serious, dedicated parenting can overcome poor education, as can parental encouragement and ambition. Conversely, poor parenting can undo fantastic educational opportunities.
Amanda, London,
We did have 'acadamies of excellence' - they were called grammar schools and they helped to lift this son of a coal miner away from a life of working drudgery.
David, Grantham,
In Austrailia and the US, parental/guardian input and support are recognised as the key influences in academic sucess and provide assistance to encourage this behaviour.
Helping kids to do their homework and encouraging them learn has little to do with class, money or social status.
Ian, Cairo,
The Home Secretary, Jacquie Smith, received her basic education at a comprehensive school. Likewise, Yvette Cooper. Just thought I'd mention that! Mmmm!
Shirley Bowen, Blackpool, UK
I tried reading this article, I really did.
I'm sure it's a great article but that kangaroo in the centre of the screen keeps staring at me and putting me off.
John Brown, Glasgow, UK
So your son turns out to be thick and you accordingly send him to any old school because he isn t worth better, and likewise a run of the mill university, assuming he can find one he can get into. Reassured that he won t thereby be preventing any bright but poor kid from getting the education he deserves. I don t think so.
Henry Percy, London, UK
Something has dramitically changed in the UK since I emigrated in the 1970's. Prior to that, at least in my home town of Eastbourne, anybody that was good enough went to the local Grammar School (boys only) or High School (girls only). Irrespective of their financial means, if they were good enough to get one of the significantly lower number of university places available, the government gave them a grant to attend. The grants were available to everyone but the working class children received larger grants so that with the help of summer jobs they were able to graduate from University after 3 years without any debt. So what happened to that system. Having lived in the USA for the last 30 years it appears the UK has copied the US system, abolishing the system streaming schools and children based on ability, cheapening the value of a university degree and saddling the student with a mountain of debt. Hardly what I would call progress.
Paul Hutchinson, Calabasas, California USA
Too true. I remember being distinctly underwhelmed when I got to Cambridge at 18 - some very bright sparks, but mostly still a bunch of 'Tim nice but dims.' They were just a hell of a lot more arrogant than the rugby players at my comp and believed their place to be destiny, a right of passage, rather than the luckiest, most awe-inspiring thing to have happened to them in their life. We do need more normal people getting all the way through education, because unless our brightest - irrespective of class - are pushing through and challenging ideas, our society doesn't benefit from this extraordinary talent.
Comprehensives must be bolder and stop telling bright kids that they've got 5 Cs, so what more do they need to worry about. Noone should be ashamed to try and do their best. Everyone should be encouraged to have a go.
anita, cambridge, uk
The whole post-war period has been one of continuous social mobility. 'The working-class' do not exist anymore.
The real problem has been the last twenty years where a combination of right-wing politics, mad left-wing politics, (multiculturalism and ethnic worship), has more or less deliberately created an indignous 'underclass' . These are the sometime 'poor' aka 'the whites'. When we start showing concern about British kids things will change.
Richard, London, England
I come from a working class background, and went to an excellent private school, thanks to the Assisted Place Scheme abolished by Nu Labour. I went to an excellent university, thanks to a full grant - also abolished by Nu Labour. Yesterday, I graduated with a Ph.D. from another excellent university - which would never have been possible without my initial Assisted Place. I just don't understand how this government can say they want more working class children to get a degree while at the same time abolishing the mechanisms once in place to allow those children to excel even though they come from a poor background.
Sarah, Manchester,
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