Libby Purves
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You would need a heart of stone not to laugh. After months of furious controversy about homosexuality, Victorian graveyard law and Birmingham Council planning, the man at the heart of the row has softly and silently vanished away like the Snark. Last week it was discovered, to the chagrin of exhumers, that Cardinal Newman is not in his grave at all.
So John Henry Newman, that humble, thoughtful, loving and humane convert, that hot tip for canonization by the Roman Catholic Church, cannot after all be hoicked out and reburied. Not for him the marble tomb in the Oratory, still less the risk of being laid out with a nasty waxen mask from the Tussauds team over his dead face so that the faithful may file past and gawp as they do at Pope John XXIII and Padre Pio. Dust to dust: nobody can get their reverential paws on him now. Newman's last wish, furiously quoted by Peter Tatchell, was to be buried alongside his close friend and companion of 30 years. He wrote: “I wish, with all my heart, to be buried in Father Ambrose St John's grave - and I give this as my last, my imperative will.”
Though even Tatchell admits that the relationship was very likely non-carnal, we know how openly and innocently he loved this friend: “He was my earthly light... as far as this world was concerned, I was his first and last.” His writings suggest also that he saw human love as utterly necessary to the religious spirit: “The love of our private friends is the only preparatory exercise for the love of all men.” When Ambrose died, Newman said that no grief of a husband or wife could be greater.
But with talk of his being made a saint, the first English one since the 40 martyrs, the Church wanted to move Newman to a grander tomb. All year there has been legal wrangling over a law forbidding bodies to be moved from public graves into churches, and the Ministry of Justice had to intervene. Then there was Peter Tatchell's protest that separating his remains from Father Ambrose's was homophobia. And as a sideshow, a planning row about a hideous steel barrier round the grave. But the Church won; and a fine empty victory it is.
For on Saturday they sulkily confirmed that since the great man never had a lead-lined coffin, he is all gone. “Brass, wooden and cloth artefacts” were recovered, but “there were no remains of the body... in the view of medical professionals in attendance, burial in a wooden coffin in a very damp site makes this kind of total decomposition unsurprising.” Indeed; though they do say that saints Cuthbert, Guthlac and Alphege, Edward the Confessor, Hugh of Lincoln, Teresa of Avila and St Bernadette all remained miraculously incorrupt, and in some cases smelling literally of roses. St Francis Xavier is said to have survived quicklime; Blessed Margaret of Metola allegedly still has eyelashes. Not every holy corpse is pleasant to the eye: when (against his relatives' wishes) the Vatican dug up Padre Pio this year they had to commission mask-makers to do him a more seemly face for the faithful to file past.
Oh, enough! Even as a genuinely devout Catholic schoolchild I hated this stuff, and I hate it more now. The Church's weird horror of fleshly things (unmarried or contracepted sex, gay love) is nastily counterpointed by its affection for cadavers. I know the theology, I accept that there is a distinction between voodoo paganism and the more complex ideas formulated by St Jerome and Thomas Aquinas. They say that relics are not worshipped in themselves but are an “aid to veneration” of people whose bodies “were the temples and instruments of the Holy Spirit”.
Fine. Save a well-thumbed prayerbook if you will, or a lock of hair. But these creepy exhumations feed the superstitious magical instincts of religion, not the spiritual and humane ones. I made a programme about relics once - sparked off by discovering that Generalissimo Franco had Teresa of Avila's severed hand on his bedside table - and talked to many aficionados. The Anglican Bishop Graham Leonard (who later converted) carried a bit of St Philip Neri's kneebone in his pocket. Bishop Worlock of Liverpool, a palpably holy man, spoke eloquently of the awe he felt in the presence of ancient relics. At the Methodist headquarters they primly rejected the whole idea, and then got annoyed when I asked why they kept John Wesley's boots under glass. Which was flippant; I do grasp both the theology and the emotion that drives reverence for physical relics. All the bereaved know the importance of locks of hair; all hero-worshippers see the pleasure of owning a Jimi Hendrix guitar-string or a hat worn by Churchill. I keep a crumb of the Berlin Wall on my desk, as assurance that things can change for the better.
But enough is enough. Historic bones and fragments may as well stay in their jewelled reliquaries, in a kindly antiquarian spirit which accepts that in past centuries the border between faith and superstition was heavily blurred. But Newman belonged to a newer, more rigorously intelligent school of thought. New exhumations - whether of himself, Padre Pio or Pope John XXIII - are as disgraceful as the Vatican's infantile demands for miracles to prove sanctity. One thing I do remember very well from a Catholic upbringing - however far from it I am driven now - is that it was a serious offence to “cause scandal”: this being defined as provoking the spiritual ruin of another. Does that not include gratuitously causing onlookers to go “Yuk! Weirdos!” and turn their backs on the good bits of your church? The modern catechism defines as scandalous all institutions that do things leading to “the corruption of religious practice”. Is it not a corruption of religious practice to dig up a man's body from the grave in which he humbly asked to be buried, near the friend whose love confirmed him in his faith in man and God?
What would Newman have thought of all this? He was no narrow Vatican bigot: he was the man who bravely said that in all religions there is “something true and divinely revealed”, and in his pre-Catholic days he openly worried that the Church of Rome was “degrading and idolatrous”. Was he right? I would not want to think so. There are plenty of appalled Catholics who wish the Vatican would just stop embarrassing them with its compulsive ghoulery. They will rejoice as I do that God and Nature gave John Henry and his friend a blessed dissolution, and the last laugh.
Libby Purves worked for some years for BBC Radio 4, as a reporter and a presenter on the Today programme and, since 1983, has presented Midweek. She joined The Times as a columnist in 1990. She received an OBE in 1999 for her services to journalism and was Columnist of the Year in the same year. In her spare time she writes bestselling novels. Her opinion column appears in the The Times on Mondays
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Thank you Libby. All this casts a dreadful light on the Vatican--and the R.C. English bishops and clergy who went along with it. The rest of us can console our selves with the thought that Cardinal Newman has shown what he thinks about the idea, even if this isn't exactly a miracle.
David B, York, UK
A Catholic Priest friend once showed me his chamber of horrors. Down in the cathedral crypt was a locked door leading into a room full of neatly labelled boxes. Sealed and never opened, they were boxes of bones, supposedly holy relics, sent from Rome. No one in the cathedral new what to do with them
Colin, Carmarthen, United Kingdom
dear martyn, bournemouth,
there are many catholic politicians - charles kennedy, nancy pelosi, nicolas sarkozy, ruth kelly - who do not force their beliefs. the clergy have a duty to promote doctrine, including, free will, loving your enemies and overcoming sin. recognise your own intolerance.
paulo, coventry, uk
I don't know what the situation is in your country Emer but in this country the Catholic Church tries to influence Parliament on stem cell research, gay rights mercy killing and abortion. It is a legitimate subject for criticism.
David Gwilliam, Leicester, England
Dear Emer (Peru),
Problem with leaving you all to your "freedom" to believe is that you do not return the favour. Religion over the past ten years through Rome, Islam and US Christianity has affected and cost the lives of millions across the world. So sorry, we must continue to "care" for you.
Martyn, Bournemouth, UK
Is it true that the Vatican investigation into the relics of Jesus's mother, Mary, was suddenly terminated after the Papal Bull on her ascension bodily to Heaven, and the investigator was never heard of again? By Papal definition, if her body went directly to Heaven, there couldn't be any relics.
Bill Peter, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
I hear that there is a problem at pergatory, a credit crunch, though things are moving along again. Perhaps the acidity of the soil needs testing, or the preserving balm needs updating!
Is is easy to fall in love with the dead, for they shall not answer or wane, better to worry about the living
Roger, Gloucester, Glos
Please if you aren't Catholic why should you care? Haven't you got something more fullfilling and interesting to do with your time, energy and "intellect" than pick holes in other peoples faith? If you choose not to belive, that is your right, please leave us our freedom to believe. Thank you.
Emer McCarthy, Lima, Peru
If he was ever in the grave there must be some remains no matter how small Go and have another look
jim, edinburgh, uk
While we are on the subject of corpses gone missing can anyone verify what I heard in a college lecture about Henry VIII not being in his grave either? The prof speculated that his own daughter Bloody Mary had him exhumed one dark night at Windsor and burned (rather after the fact) as a heretic.
Larry Seman, Broadview Heights, Ohio, USA
The usual British anti-Catholic bilge. I listened to it constantly as a kid from my English and Welsh relations who never tired of expressing their contempt for Catholics and anyone not like them. Such a lovely tradition from the old country! Yes, indeed,
PC Britain, time to grow up.
Stephen Naas, Marshall, Michigan, USA
I am thoroughly refreshed after reading this superbly written and insightful piece.
Spot on!
Des, Edinburgh,
I'm a former Catholic thanks God. It's unbiblical from Catholic Church to demand miracle from corpses to decrete them saints for a simple reason: God knows who are His saints, He does not need either miracles nor proofs. He chooses His saints before they are born. It's just to read the Bible!
Evelin Olívia Fróes, Curitiba, Brazil
The use of the term "the church" seems misleading (and wrong). It implies "the Christian church whereas you are writing about the beliefs of, probably, quite a small subset of the Catholic church. Perhaps the ambiguity was intentional; to write an article mocking the church must be easy money.
Paul, Nottingham,
It's all a bit dodgy but, really, looking at these comments I wonder when is this country going to get over its chronic anti-Catholicism and just move on. Time to grow-up England! The most painfully pc country on Earth - except when it comes to Catholics or the Irish (and preferably both). Move on
Chris Flynn, London, UK
The whole notion of Man deciding who God should be promoting up the league table is laughable, even without the morbid fascination with corpses and body parts. It has nothing whatsoever to do with Christ's teachings and everything to do with temporal power and the exploitation of the faithful.
Pauline, Kingston upon Thames,
I thought this whole tacky business was a disgrace. And shame on those who allowed it to happen. It was just beyond belief. The poor man should have been allowed to rest in peace - not been dug up by the grave robbers of the Catholic Church.
Paul, Birmingham,
Does it not rather make a mockery of the "Body being an earthly Vessel" ??
That the soul is the thing that enters Heaven?
I really wish they would make their minds up.
Carrie, London,
Perhaps she should witness the tomb of St. Bernadette whose sanctity is a testimony to modern man who says there is no God.
Kathleen, Portland, USA
Libby Purves as a lapsed Catholic knows the difficulties faced by those of us who try their best to follow a faith that is so out of touch with the modern world. Of course it is macabre to dig up bodies and also to demand miracles too! Many Catholics today are no longer quite so gullible!
Tony , Norwich, UK
Has it not occurred to the exhumers that the body of Cardinal Newman might have been placed in the grave of his beloved friend, Fr Ambrose St John?
Francis Pimentel-Pinto, Hook, Hampshire,RG27 9ND
You didn't mention the 700 plus years old embalmed body of St. Zita, kept in a glass casket in the beautiful Church of San Frediano in Lucca, Tuscany. On show everyday for the gawpers and tourists. Now, you too can get up close and personal with a real saint. She is an amazing sight - sound asleep.
Dr. Jimmy, Nottingham, England
Actually, Libby, I was present when the announcement was made on Saturday at Littlemore (didn't see you there, by the way), and there was no sulking. There was simply a most moving statement by the Provost of Birmingham Oratory. And he was clearly relieved at the outcome, as were we all.
Jane, Birmingham,
"ghoulish sideshow"? Is not that a perfect description of a religion whose icon is a God dying on a cross? A God whose resurrected body and blood become the bread and wine of the Eucharist? How can human love have value in this airless, sunless and macabre setting?
Kevin Straw, Leicester,
Hmmm... and when I saw the headline on the BBC website about Newman's exhumation and the grave being empty, I thought - where's he gone? It's a bit soon to be digging Paul up already?
Cardinal Newman? Saints? Zzzzzzzzzz........ who cares?
Alex, Shropshire, uk
The brilliance of Cardinal John Henry Newman lives on, blessed be he!
So after all he has his wish to be buried with his friend Fr. Ambrose St. John, It appears no one will distrub his rest after all.
Didnt he catch them out a beauty!
Rose Keating, Rocky Mountain House, Canada
This is silly ... and superstitious. I think this unburial is really just standard procedure in cases like this ... for example in the case of Padre Pio.
So, no one is too ''sophisticated'', too ''modern'' to be with Christ, and to think otherwise would be a manifestation of media-savvy pride.
Alexander, Montreal,
Silently no doubt in this case, but the correct quotation is 'He had softly and *suddenly* vanished away'. All is not lost when columnists still have enough of this marvellous poem in the backs of their minds to quote it, albeit with a minor error.
James, Hong Kong, China