Matthew Parris
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The headline in Tuesday's Times was arresting; “Help yourselves,' Cameron tells the fat and the poor.” Momentarily I thought the Conservative leader was inviting the needy and overweight to a second plate of pudding. David Cameron must have come far with his Tory detoxification strategy, for “Help yourselves,' says Thatcher” would never have invited that reading. By self-help she meant one thing.
And no bad thing, either. So why did I feel a touch of nervousness about Mr Cameron's speech in Glasgow on Monday? Because slowly over my life, and resisting all the way, I've learnt that for the CentreRight, moralising when you take things away from people poorer than you is desperately tricky territory.
I understand the temptation. Anyone who has canvassed for the Tories in bad times and bad places, will understand. I must have spent months of my life canvassing: as a parliamentary candidate in Derbyshire, and in other constituencies; but most memorably in Wandsworth in London in the 1970s, standing for the borough council. Tories have always been proudly insistent that there are no no-go areas for vote-seeking. The party has a sincere belief that every corner of Britain deserves to hear what it has to say. It knows that though only a minority of the poor are receptive to the Conservative message, that minority is substantial and stalwart, and should not be written off. So I have knocked on thousands of doors in scores of council estates in some of the worst parts of London and the Midlands.
And all who have done this will agree: For a Tory, a day of canvassing sympathisers in “bad” areas leaves you urgently convinced that an uncompromising right-wing message on the undeserving poor is a vote winner.
The deserving poor do not like the undeserving poor. They feel very deeply that when you don't have much, and you struggle to be honest, to look after your family, to keep up standards and to stay in work however badly paid, the handouts available to the lazy, the greedy and the dishonest are a kick in the teeth to everything you've stood for. Householders will show you their neatly kept patch of garden or privately purchased top-of-the-range front door, and point to the mess made by their indigent neighbours; and shake your hand with a grim “we're voting Tory come what may”, or just “God Bless Maggie”.
On doorstep after doorstep you hear this: bitter and passionate. You feel you've made a discovery. You return from your foray into the Nelson Mandela Estate fired with the idea that our party must take a stand for these people; that the “real” Britain is more reactionary about the welfare state than the liberal newspapers think; that it is a Tory duty to represent (as the socialists never will) these estimable but forgotten citizens, trying to be good in places where it's much harder to be good than in Eaton Square. You feel the strongest urge - backed now by direct evidence - to speak out for the virtuous poor.
Resist it. You are not the man, and your party's voice is not the voice, to do this.
Anyone would think, from the sudden interest on both Left and Right in the writings of the modern American thinker Gertrude Himmelfarb, that the argument about the deserving versus the undeserving poor has only recently been discovered. But it was a dominating sociological debate in the 18th century, and right through the 19th century too.
Anyone would think it was socialism that sold the pass on the moral society and began (as Himmelfarb has it) “de-moralising” society by alleviating distress regardless of how caused. But it was really the Victorians (preachy as they now sound) who developed the idea of undiscriminating provision. Re-read Dickens, Trollope, the parable of the Prodigal Son. Look at the social outreach work inspired by the Wesleys and the nonconformist churches. The inherent conflicts between rewarding virtue and trying to alleviate all distress are ancient, profound and logically insoluble.
Logically insoluble, but not incapable of rough-and-ready resolution in keeping with the spirit of the age. Nobody today thinks the alcoholic should be left to die unattended in the gutter just because he chose to drink. But nobody today thinks that in the NHS queue for transplant organs he should have the same priority as the young mother with a genetic liver disorder. A balance must be struck. It will be struck according to moral sensibilities that to a very great extent we all share, but should be careful about declaring too noisily.
Nobody needs to be more careful than the Tories. Say everything we can and should about the Cameron Conservatives' social inclusiveness and compassion, but when we've said it, it remains the case that the Tories are seen as representing the achievers, the would-be achievers, and the already achieved in society. There isn't any way someone who has made it can moralise about witholding help from someone who hasn't without striking a displeasing note.
I've tried. Very hard. As an MP seized with the conviction that if people would do more to help themselves they really could manage, I lived on the dole for a week in Newcastle more than 20 years ago, in a bid to prove it for Granada's World in Action. I heated only one room, bought in bulk, shopped around for seconds, kept warm with gardening, chose an inexpensive sport, etc - and I could have succeeded. But when I sensed the anger I was arousing among nice Geordies I met, not so much because they disagreed with what I said but because of who I was to say it, it dawned on me that I, a sleek young Tory earning ten times what they did, should not be saying it. Not without giving offence. It was a matter of taste, really. So I decided to fail in my bid. In doing so I rescued my political reputation and made my media career.
So I'm afraid this is actually a rather cynical column: not about policy but presentation; not about what you do but about the reasons you give.
If you're a Tory restricting health or social benefits, don't give a reason. Or not a moral one. Just say the money's run out. Your own moral sense may urge you to offer a moral justification. Resist it. Passing a beggar, don't stop and tell him you don't think money is what he needs, however decent the impulse to explain. Just walk on with a friendly “Sorry but I can't”. He'll know why. Everyone knows why. Trust the unspoken moral instincts of the people, which remain strong and fairly merciless about the undeserving, but don't articulate. You, Mr, Mrs, Ms, Lord or Lady Tory, are not the person.
The next Tory chairman will be fat - count on it: I've guessed: seriously fat. All power to him: he's a talent. All power, Mr Cameron and George Osborne, to your drive to make the nation, and the Tory manifesto, leaner and meaner, for so you should. But no more speeches about overreating.
Matthew Parris joined The Times as parliamentary sketchwriter in 1988, a role he held until 2001. He had formerly worked for the Foreign Office and been a Conservative MP from 1979-86. He has published many books on travel and politics and an autobiography, Chance Witness, for which he won the 2004 Orwell Prize. His diary appears in The Times on Thursdays, and his Opinion column on Saturdays
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Why should the deserving poor care if Sharon next door gets benefits? It makes no difference to them - except of course they don't get the grim pleasure seeing people even poorer than themselves suffering. Should David C be aligning be aligning himself with this sort of harsh mean mindedness?
Chris, London, Uk
A morality blindness has beset this country and it started when
Thatcher dismantled the welfare state and gave it to her rich chums at knock down prices. The poor have and underclass
in this land of ours have been marginalised and convienetly
forgotton by the rich and powerful.
Peter Wicks, Langford, Beds
We've had ten solid years of a government interfering into our lives, telling us what to eat, what not to drink and what we can or cannot think. I am more than ready for a government that lets people make their own choices and to take responsibilty for their own lives. David Cameron is 100% right.
Mitch, Melbourne, Australia
The undeserving poor are not to blame. The blame is with governments that have progressively bankrolled laziness and fecklessness. The solution is to stop recycling money from those that work to those that don't and stop rewarding people for having children with cash and self-contained accommodation
John , London, England
Of course both the 'deserving' and 'undeservign' poor are POOR.
The reason for that lies with capitalism and unfair distribution. The upoor are neglected battered and sidelined from birth, while the dpoor are ruthlessly expolited while being encouraged to hate other poor people, not their rulers.
Mike Murray, Bath,
The noble article would argue for the right of people, whoever they are, to speak the truth as they perceive it, whatever that is. Endorsing discrimination because it is the 'right way round' and pragmatic is not healthy. It will do the deserving poor no favours.
Rob, Reading, UK
Consider the other side of the spectrum too.
What about the undeserving wealthy?
They too have never done a decent days work.
Instead, they have lived off inheritances, interest & dividends acquired simply by virtue of existing wealth, undeserved bonuses, tax loops and exploiting the less fortunate
Jeremy, London, disUnited Kingdom
The BBC Program "On the Fiddle" was showing investigtions for people who had been claiming benefits for 11years.
How on earth is it that anyone can claim benefits for so many years without anyone bothering to check if the claim is justified?
Mike Carter, Bristol,
When I read Tuesday's article it confirmed my belief that the Tories haven't changed one iota; it remains the party for those who have.
Margaret, Lincoln, UK
Erm, smarty pants Jonathan from London, perhaps the writer is making a a nice understated joke with the words Victorian and preachy. What do you think?
Mike, Haslemere,
Yes, but what the Victorian social workers did insist on was that the deserving poor not be made to look like suckers by the undeserving poor.
The right way to do this, Parris implies, is by unspoken universal agreement to honor the decency and respectability of the "hard working class."
Christopher Chantrill, Seattle, USA
Erm, I think Mr Parris was merely extending the thought that it was not a new idea!!
Right on the mark as usual.
Peter, Hong Kong,
They can't pay the rent but comes eviction day you'd find 3 sets of tv and 3 stereos and all the latest gizmos, on income support! Still we have created and industry around it which hundreds of thousands of jobs arelinked to supplying dolites' needs. A truely non self-generating sector. Sad but true
Glynn, Kingston,
What Matthew Parris calls "an uncompromising right wing message" is, in fact, simple social conservatism that both the Tory and Old Labour parties used to support. With no party supporting those values these people are turning to a party that will - the BNP. Still think the Tories should keep quiet?
Stan, Slough, England
I have an idea. Why don't we all go live in Spain, claim our benefits/pensions, contribute nothing to the British economy, make no effort to learn the language and customs of the locals, then (if we have time after all of this), whine about how terrible the youth are of a country we don't live in.
Sarah B, Leeds, UK
A good anecdote. Unfortunately times have changed & we now have a dwindling middle class to glue society together. Unless we drastically cut public spending,like Portugal, we will have social disorder on an unprecedented scale with a reactionary elite curbing civil liberties to control the masses.
Steve Marchant, Newton Abbot, UK
You are so right, funny how one can miss something that on reflection is so obvious. Great read as always.
D Case, Newquay,
This will see an end of council estates full of 40 plasmas, Sky mini-dishes and done up Ford Escorts. It will also cut the booze and cigarette culture as they simply wont have the money to spend on them.
Daniel, Calday,
There should simply be a bus pass and food vouchers for basics from whichever supermarket will be most competitive this can be contracted out to the cheapest. Say if Sainburys will give a bundle of bread, milk, rice, meat and vegetables cheaper than Asda then they get the contract.
Daniel, Calday,
However, Ellesmere Port and Neston is full of the unemployed who could quite easily get a job at Vauxhalls however they just dont want to.
There should be no unemployment benefits in the form of money.
Daniel, Calday,
There needs to a full scrap of allowances for people who are unemployed for over 3 months since there are the jobs out there they just refuse to take them...Some of my friends for a summer job are working at Vauxhall, Ellesmere Port at night in the factory.
Daniel, Calday,
The Tories need to become as hypocritical as Labour. Labour take the moral highground with no morality! Professional benefit claimants should be rooted out and dealt with quietly. The Tories have to remember however, that jobs are at a premiun in northern cities. People want to work and can't.
judy, Liverpool, England
Paul, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
You have hit the nail squarely on the head. Low paid work leaves people in debt. Until wage levels are addressed the benefit claimant numbers will continue to rise. 8 million or more so far I believe. I can't see the country being able to carry this in future.
judy, Liverpool, England
"foreign fruit pickers are working in Britain because Brit youth refuses to do the work."?
Nonsense. Gang-masters pay below the minimum wage and conditions are atrocious.
But I am sure that ex-pat whingers will still snipe from the comfort of their villas.
Alan Henderson, Whitley Bay, Engalnd
What about the undeserving rich, people whose money was inherited from land grabbbers, slave traders, child and women traffickers and exploiters, invaders, looters and pillagers? They are a social blight in more ways than the poor.
DP, London, UK
How is it, that regardless of facts and twelve years of disastrous nulabor;(socialism in disguise), the Conservatives, and of course, Mrs Thatcher, are to blame for all our problems. Every single labour government has ended in disaster. This one will be no different.
C.Wood, Camberley, UK
It's really simple: invest in stupid behaviour and you get more of it from stupid people. Manufacture a culture of deprivation and class-warfare that justifies personal poverty-creating behaviours and you can construct an unstoppable parasitic welfare state to absorb all our our taxes. Brilliant.
Jamal Akhbar, Edinburgh,
A myth has grown up that the Government or any government can do "everything". Then people end up poor AND cross because someone is being cruel and witholding.
Politicians do need to be more honest about what they can provide and what they can't., and set people free. Removing 10% tax was v bad
Moira, Hungerford, UK
Thatcher's strength was to make people believe they could help themselves without state help. We are now back in the land of 'income redistribution', where additional effort just means additional tax. I work 4 days a week now. If taxes were lower i'd work 5. Why should i work just to give it away?
andrew, swindon, uk
Quite.
Don't give the cynical Champagne Socialists the Tools Weapons they need.
Well Said Mr Parris
Ben Moss, london, England
I canvassed Wandsworth in the 80s - stood as a Labour candidate twice and was beaten in 'winnable' wards both times. The real working class vote abandoned Labour . They did not identify with a Party that courted and apologised for the lazy and feckless - handouts for those who just refused to work.
Mark, Berkhamsted,
BJ Deller is on the right track. Except the sickness beneficiaries need to be tested more stringently as well. And I'm a LibDem voter. And I work for my money. So link benefits with community service, tidy up grafitti & get the employed army of immigrant street cleaners to supervise!
Tim, Ealing, England
Those unemployed for a long time are a result of the development of a materialistic society. Particularly now for unemployed people it is easier emotionally to shut your self away from society than to accept a life-time in a low paid dead-end job where you still can not fully participate in society
Paul, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
How lovely of BJ Deller to write from Spain about denying benefits and giving fruit picking jobs to our youth,. They'd love to join you there but the minimum wage would barely cover a coach to Skegness. It's always the haves who want the have nots be working so they can keep their place in the sun.
DP, London, UK
You lived on the dole for a week? Try living on it for EIGHT YEARS. as my family did - AND my father went out every day to try to find work. Five of us living in two rooms, no runnng water, sharing a lavatory and the means test every month....
Dole for one week?
Don't make me laugh.
Eileen O Conor, Cordoba, Spain
Britain is in catastrophic decline caused by a Conservative hegemony (not declined by Labours 10 years in power) - short term gain, callous indifference to the poor, and arrogance that belies belief. No investment, poor access to skills and training for the unemployed. Hence social breakdown.
Jon Kingsbury, Southampton, UK
Do not give handouts, give jobs. For example, foreign fruit pickers are working in Britain because Brit youth refuses to do the work. Why should they when they have benefits; so stop the benefits. Give only to those who genuinely cannot work. Return to a working nation, proud of its achievement
B J Deller, Marbella, Spain
"But it was really the Victorians (preachy as they now sound) who developed the idea of undiscriminating provision. Re-read Dickens, Trollope, the parable of the Prodigal Son."
Erm, think the last of those predates the Victorians. By at least 1830 years.
Jonathan, London,