Melanie Reid
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A 29-year-old Chinese woman, it was reported in The Times, is to undergo surgery to remove 23 needles from her body. Doctors believe the needles may have been embedded under her skin by her grandparents when she was a child, so that she might die and a baby boy might take her place.
A sad little story in its own right, but also an acute illustration of the hidden horrors inflicted when a nation tries to control its population size. Women bear the brunt. When uneducated and illiterate populations are restricted in their fecundity, it is always the females who suffer, whether through infanticide or torture. Because population control policies are the best excuse yet invented for misogynism, it will always be little girls who are murdered, neglected, abandoned and put into slavery, while their more cherished brothers flourish.
That’s a given, and it is one of the terrible realities that faces anyone who addresses overpopulation – as we must all now do, in the wake of last week’s call to arms by the United Nations environmental audit.
But it is time, perhaps, for feminists to acknowledge that population control is a counter-intuitive thing: that some realities are less terrible than they might seem. Simplistically, sure, the act of enforcing small families can encourage male domination (in China, as a result of the one-child policy, the number of men outnumber women by 60 million). It also represents disempowerment; a removal of women’s basic right to choose how many children they wish. Some hypocrites we would be, wouldn’t we, to support abortion in the West as an inalienable element of a woman’s right to control her own body, and yet simultaneously remove choice from other women?
And yet, and yet. I think we must also acknowledge that our perspective is distorted. We view the situation through ultra-liberal, idealistic eyes. The brutal fact is that most women in the developed world don’t get to exercise much, if any, choice the way things are. They are kept pregnant: by men, by culture, by lack of education. When they do have a choice, as in the former Soviet Union, they grab anything they can get as a form of contraception – in that case state abortion.
And incidentally, what’s worse? Stopping women getting pregnant, as the Chinese do, or allowing them to get pregnant and then have a routine abortion, as happens in Russia? Or being pregnant all the time and watching baby after baby die? Personally, if we’re talking choice, I’d go for number one.
Unquestionably these are troubled times for the planet. Forget about global warming: it’s a secondary issue. The UN’s fourth Global Environment Outlook says that world population has risen almost 34 per cent in 20 years, from 5 billion in 1987 to 6.7 billion today. It is predicted to reach 8 to 9 billion by 2050 and 9 to 10 billion by the end of the century. Which is, quite simply, both terrifying and unsustainable – hence the start of a debate about overpopulation that is inevitably bound to offend and break some of our liberal shibboleths. But it is time to be frank. This is a problem that transcends race, gender, culture, religion and liberal nicety.
Funnily enough, I think the path with the least landmines to tackling the problem is gender. We don’t have to get into all that religious and cultural imperialism stuff, although you might permit me – please! – to have one dig at the Catholic aid charities that pretend to be saving Africa while refusing the use of condoms. One of the first things the global community could do is rescue an overpopulated, Aids-ridden continent in the hands of the Roman Catholic Church and the closed mind of Thabo Mbeki.
We can argue, quite lucidly, that population control equates not only to liberation for billions of women who spend their lives shackled by perpetual pregnancy but, even more portentously, that it represents liberation for the whole of the human race from starvation and disaster. It’s what women choose when they have neither the wealth nor the power to control their fertility in other ways, and to argue otherwise is to do so from a position of phoney idealism.
The irony should not be lost on any of us that the main preoccupation for women in the West is their failure to get pregnant, and the most important problem for women everywhere else is their failure to be able to prevent pregnancy.
It is time for creative thinking, by women for women. I rather admire the Chinese. They recognised a huge problem and did something about it: it was dreadfully crude, but it has prevented the births of 400 million people. After nearly 30 years of it, Chinese women, who are increasingly working, now say the rules facilitate their more Westernised life. Recently, in a refinement of the policy, China has turned away from coercion to financial incentives to encourage people in rural areas to have fewer children. Parents with one child, or two girls, will get an annual payment equivalent to a fifth of a farmer’s income.
Surely it wouldn’t take too much effort to design some kind of similar global incentive scheme for the world’s most populous nations – with all the proper safeguards, of course, and done with willing participation? I rather warm to the idea of Global NonBaby Awards (GNBA), paid annually if you have remained pregnancy-free, and available to women of every race, religion and skin colour in the world.
Once Western governments realised their survival was at stake and they couldn’t afford not to fund the GNBA they would find the money (who knows, it might even stop them fighting pointless wars). A special GNBA global population task force could administer it, with free contraception to back it up. Payments would be made to both individual women and to governments, which would have the felicitous effect of controlling population, giving women choice, and lifting them out of poverty.
Which, unless I am very much mistaken, is where feminism came in in the first place.

Melanie Reid reports and commentates for The Times from Scotland. Before joining the paper, she was an award-winning columnist and senior assistant editor at The Herald in Glasgow
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Well done, great article, we need to keep this subject high up on the agenda, simple chioce, we control population and we can survive, do nothing and we are all doomed, sharing our already streched resources more and more, nobody seems to have the guts to talk openly about this, i hope that they start to tackle it soon.
rachel, reading, berks
Firstly bravo for raising THE most important problem of our time (from which most others, eg. global warming, stem).
Our chances of having a population of 40 bn by 2100 are pretty low, for (as Darwin said) the world would not hold them. If humans (of both sexes) don't choose some form of birth control we will have compulsory death control (disease, famine and war) imposed by nature. This is already beginning to happen in parts of Africa.
This issue affects all the inhabitants of this planet, not just the ones with two legs. We are all in one boat. We, the human race, seem to have hold of some major controls. Should we not plot our course wisely?
Ruth, Selby, Yorkshire
"Many of our women live frivolous, parasitic lives, reaping the harvest of the sacrifices of previous generations while not contributing to the future. "
Yes not at all like the many, many, many upstanding young men, middle- aged men and older men who are prominently featured in the media. I have read so many tales of their hard work, self- sacrifice and self- denial so that they can provide for the children they father.
In fact if I had any decency at all I would immediately drop out of university and start looking for a suitable husband with which to fhave one achieving young boy.
And to think they let Janice Turner, Maryann Sieghart and Caitlin Moran write about such degenerate women.
Miss C O'Dowd, Sheffield, UK
Is the problem too many people or 'sustainability'? If so, it makes more sense to look at the 'carbon footprint per birth' than to stigmatise non-White non-Northern mothers and babies as 'the problem'. Birth rates will stabilize as and when a mother (and father)have reasonable expectations that their newborn will live past 5 years and be a productive adult and source of help and support in old age, ie: a 'pension'). Sadly, the death rate of Non-White, Non-Northern babies suggest that nothing can or should change until the silent genocide of sub-Saharan poverty is addressed by the engorged, self-absorbed and fraudulent North. I speak as the father of a white male child and a white female child who live comfortable lives in the Northern Hemisphere with generous health and education provisions. As a family we have also 'adopted' a non-white, non-Northern child via a modest charitable donation. If the entire rich North did the same perhaps people in the South would care what we think!
Andrew, Birmingham, England
Congratulations on waking up and smelling the coffee, Melanie. All this talk of 'women's rights to their bodies' 'right to choose' as if 'rights' were a god, never to be compromised and never to be looked at pragmatically, regardless of the consequences.
A 'right' is entirely man-made - there exist few natural parallels - and most are a luxury, occasioned by plenty. The question is 'do we want to restrict some individual liberties so the world isn't plunged into disease, war, famine and poverty (as ALWAYS happens when populations outnumber resources) or do we want to stick to this generation's Holy Cow of Rights for Everything?'
Put this way, the choice is a no brainer.
Roddy Campbell, Christchurch, New Zealand
Martin's point is valid, but the problem is, "How much damage could be done to the environment by then?" Drowning people regularly panic and drown their rescuers too; waiting for the Mathusian inevitable while continuing to provide the developing world with food, vaccinations, technology etc to maintain these vast populations could prove fatal in the long run, if only because it will be impossible to keep the starving billions from sweeping into civilisation. It's not just dwarf wheat we have given them, but nuclear weapons too...
alan, london,
I do see the possibility of there being 20 billion people by 2100. However, for that to happen there must be no major wars, diseases or advancements that allow us to live where we previously couldn't (Sea, Space, Arctic etc) in the next 90+ years. I think that's unlikely.
Alex K, London,
And who is going to pay for the GNBA--why is everybody else's problem my responsibility to financially support? I support myself, my family, I don't want to lower my ability to do so because a whole group of people have cultural problems that promote population explosion. Nature will weed out the excess--or war will.
David, San Antonio,, TX
Firstly, there is not a one child policy in China. If you have one child, that child can have two children.
I rather warm to the idea of Western Baby Awards (WBA). The global white population is 9%, soon to be 8% and then seven as the huge elderly population dies out. Every white country is replacing its population with immigrants, many of whom are from failed states, failed because the people do not have the psycho-biology to run a Western-style democracy.
Many of our women live frivolous, parasitic lives, reaping the harvest of the sacrifices of previous generations while not contributing to the future. Modern woman, just a few decades old, is already an endangered species since they are not passing on their intelligence genes.
Why anybody would worry about the global population, when all the seeds for revolution and global conflict are being oh so carefully sown, is beyond me.
Eugene, Chester, England
Did you really mean to say âfor the worldâs most populous nationsâ, or did you mean âfor the worldâs most densely populated nationsâ? Surly density, right? I mean, the most densely populated countries such as the Netherlands needs much more birth control than the USA, right? Similarly, the UK needs much more birth control than any African country. Right?
Or did you REALLY mean that we must control the birth rate of the poor and dark-skinned?! Surly you didnât mean THAT, did you?!?!?!
Laura Fox, Chichester, Sussex
No one will have the moral courage to limit a popuation in the West, it is just too much of a vote loser and targets working class / immigrant sectionsof the population obviously.
Trying to impose or suggest population control in developing countries while the West consumes the bulk of the resources is not going to get very far either! Hypocritical to say the least.
As always in the past competition for resources such as land, energy, minerals and food will force War upon many regions. The only question is when?
Richard Davis, Epsom,
If you really think China has turned away from coercion in the application of its policy, I'm afraid you simply don't know the facts. Read about the riots in Guangdong over this just 3 months ago. Recently in China, I personally know two women who had to flee their home provinces to have babies. This is widespread in China. The population policy is the most barbaric thing ever devised in history; too bad people in the west want to replicate it elsewhere.
JT, washington, dc
"why not kill two birds (povety and over-population) with one stone by restricting reproduction to those couples who can afford to support their children?"
Because that equates to a moral judgement on who is worthy to reproduce? Your reasoning here concerns me: If you are poor then you have failed ergo you shouldn't be allowed to propogate your flawed genetic material.
Miss C O'Dowd, Sheffield, UK
Jst a longwinded way of saying women should be given more money for doing nothing. I don't buy it.
Redcliffe, London,
I won't bet on 30 billion by 2100. Population growth tends to be self-limiting. We just haven't quite reached the point yet where the limiting kicks in.
Martin Evans, Newmarket, Suffolk
However on the basis of recent Public Service Claims we could anticipate that Awards would have to be awarded to all irrespective of Gender. Otherwise this might be considered to be Discriminatory.
A Statist Bureaucracy might determine that only those designated as State Recruits should receive Benefits.
Digory, Narnia, Scotland
why not kill two birds (povety and over-population) with one stone by restricting reproduction to those couples who can afford to support their children?
Erik, Gatwick, UK
The Global NonBaby Awards idea sounds interesting. I can foresee a problem, though - men. For whatever reasons, men all over the world (and not only in poorer countries) delight in taking choices away from women. What would we do with the men who stand in the way of their female partners choosing contraception? Send them to re-education camps? Fine them?
M Aken, Canberra , Australia
The UN predictions seem conservative to the point of extreme complacency. An increase of 34% in 20 years is equivalent to doubling every 50-55 years. So if the current rate merely continues unchanged, we will hit 10 billion before 2040, and 20 billion well before the century is out. That the rate could increase doesn't really bear thinking about, but it is more than possible, as increasing overpopulation and increasing poverty feed into each other in the perfect vicious circle. Any takers for 30 billion by 2100?
G Adamson, LONDON, UK