Luis Rodriguez: Credo
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The fracturing of the Anglican Communion seems imminent and it appears the American Church and gay people will carry the can. Well, every crisis needs a scapegoat. It is the way of the world . . . and of the Church. Jews, women, minorities and other outsiders have all in their time borne (and sometimes still bear) the brunt of the blame in moments of social or ecclesiastical crisis.
However, while the Episcopal Church, gay and lesbian people, even liberals may be regarded as the singular cause of the present crisis, its real cause is far from singular and far from the present. It is grounded in the debates that would naturally ensue in any field between a group of people who are inheritors of the principles of the Enlightenment, the insights of modern psychology, the discoveries of science, and those who, for the most part, are not.
The divide dates from at least the 19th century, and became only more pronounced with subsequent scientific discoveries and social changes. We can trace it in the lives and work of individuals from Copernicus, Galileo, Darwin and John Robinson, as well as in social movements from abolition to universal suffrage, feminism and the gay and lesbian movement. Darwinism, for example, radically changed humanity’s view of itself in the scheme of creation and, like the Copernican revolution, shifted us from its centre. Modern psychology brought new insight into what it means to be human, and also how complex. Displacing a monolithic understanding of human persons, it demonstrates that variants from the normal are abnormal only in the most technical sense of the word.
Literary and historical criticism of biblical texts challenged traditional meanings of inspiration and approaches to interpretation. The new criticism revealed the very human foibles and agendas that shaped the texts, making traditional ideas of divine transmission less acceptable. On the grounds of integrity and experience, the “liberal” position accepts these insights, claiming that they cannot be ignored, neither should they be demonised. The “conservative” position depends on ignoring or somehow dismissing those same insights. These two positions are irreconcilable.
The decisions of the American Church may be the straw that breaks the camel’s back, but they are hardly the cause of the crisis. Rather, they are natural outcomes of a movement with a long history. One that has been championed by some of the finest theologians of their day, people such as Charles Gore, William Temple and Michael Ramsey.
But still the mechanism of scapegoating dies hard, and it is so tempting to blame in the hope of finding the Anglican holy grail of unity. That’s how scapegoating works: it demands the demonisation of the other as the price of social cohesion. But were the Episcopal Church to do as some demand; to condemn homosexuality, depose Gene Robinson and do penance for its “transgressions”, would that stem the divide? Were it excluded from the Anglican Communion, would unity be achieved?
Scapegoating never solves the real causes of crises. It only delays their honest confrontation, and if we are honest this is a crisis that the Anglican Communion has been sidestepping for years. What we need now more than unity is honesty.
I have little doubt that history will view the actions of the Episcopal Church as simply one more step in an ongoing movement that started long before them and continued long after them. I have no doubt that Anglicans in the future will consider those actions prophetic, and that the consecration of Gene Robinson will be commemorated alongside that of Samuel Seabury, the ministry of Absalom Jones and the ordination of Florence Li Tim-Oi. All these too were scandalous causes of division in their own day. The truth is that history (and sometimes the Church) ultimately exonerates scapegoats.
Luis Rodriguez is an Anglican priest, consellor and spiritual director
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Anglicanism has never really sought unity. On the contrary its genius has been its ability to contain difference and diversity - until now that is. It is the search for a tidy unity, something novel for Anglicans, that is so destructive.
Michael Camp, London, UK
The divide certainly dates to the 19th century. It began with Newman, Manning and Ward. It continued into the 20th century with Knox and Chesterton and Dawson and Waugh. And now, in the 21st century, it looks like the Anglican Communion is coming home.
John Bateman, Philadelphia,
This kind of fracturing is inherent in Anglicanism, a religion that itself began as a fracture over a sexuality question. It is not a question of heroic leadership but of a religion the heart and soul of which was born in schism and remains so to this day. It is oddly ironic that those Anglicans who decry the impulses that continue to engender schism fail to recognize that it was this same impulse that gave birth to their own religion. The fruit of the first schism was the destruction of Christian unity in the West. The fruit of this most recent schism will likely be the end of Anglicanism and its replacement with a new set of dissenters. And so it goes...
Rick Fernández, Portland, OR
The only caveat I would add is that when scapegoating succeeds , the organization can MOVE ON, feel empowered, and sometimes the issue at hand gets lost in the frenzy that is created. The issue itself often becomes but a dust mite in the dust heap of history. I agree that sometimes the innocents are eventually recognized and even sainted as was Joan of Arc, but this is not always or even usually the case.
In the matter of the Communion, I do not think it will survive well the rendering of its limbs. So far it seems to have lost its hearing and sight in the process.
Sharon Moon, La Plata, USA
The divide among the church and different sects and school of thoughts in christanity is as old as hills. Why blame Episcopal or any other, and make them scape goats. All such delicate and sensitive issues like gay, lesbianism, homosexuality etc. were the bone of contention and a rift amongs the hardliners and "liberals." I personally feel that religion is a very private affair of every individual and let us not compartmentalise the schisms into Anglicans, Pro Americans, Catholics,Protestants and Episcopals or other orthodox or Neo religious creeds .To me and many other like minded so, a church is a church is a church, a holy altar of the Lord , the ultimate saviour of our humanity.The place is too sacrosant and holy to be branded . However this debate shall go on and on with as many pro voices and dissents. Over the ages society has witnessed such ecclesiastical crises, the supremacy of church over state or vice versa. We are not here to exonerate or find faults.Divine shall rule.
Sandy, New Delhi, India
In the old Soviet Union those who refused to conform to state policies on religion, and attempted to practise Christianity were demonised as hooligans, and accused of all the violence and dishonesty that the state itself practised.
Why demonise the Christians for simply refusing to change their religion? Surely all this pretence that liberals are scapegoats is intended only to make Christians the scapegoat. All they are doing is merely resisting (not all that successfully) a determined, well-organised attack on their faith by groups who control most of the money, most of the institutions, and have initiated almost all of the law-suits.
Can't we just leave the Christians alone?
Roger Pearse, Ipswich, United Kingdom
Thank you Luis Rodriguez, Anglican priest, consellor and spiritual director...I wish you would add "spiritual consellor to the ABC" to you resume...he needs help figuring out what's going on....
Leonardo Ricardo, San Miguel, Central America
This article, while by my estimation is wrong in its analysis, does reveal the real reason for the split in the Anglican Communion. There is one group, generally called conservatives or sometimes fundamentalists by the media, whose primary allegiance is towards historically orthodox Christianity. And there is another group, generally called liberals by the media, whose primary loyalty is towards the liberal humanist values of the enlightenment. The coming schism is due to the battle for authority in the communion between those two groups.
Nicholas, Melbourne, Australia
This present division was already present in the first century of Anglican autonomy, when the Puritan faction began its attempt to establish a monopoly of truth. They rejected the humanist tradition of both Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. Central to the humanist tradition was, and is, reverence toward human knowledge combined with acknowledgement of its imperfection. The humanists depended on the constant nearness of our Lord and God to lead them forward. The Puritan countered with a conviction that God was so far beyond human comprehension that men could make no sense of His ways. The Puritan relied solely on obedience to His Word as found in the Bible. Attempts to perceive deeper meaning behind its complex passages were rejected as blasphemy. Thus today's Puritan cannot combine the new insight that homosexual activity can be natural with Biblical teachings about heterosexual life and conclude that gay and lesbian unions can be blessed.
Anne G. Lynch, Edmond, Oklahoma, U.S.A.
The foregoing comment supports Fr. Rodriguez' contention that the views held by opposing sides in the current Anglican dispute are irreconcilable, as does my own opinion to the contrary. The question then is whether we can remain in communion with other Anglicans whose understanding of God is different from and irreconcilable with ours, as we have seemed able to do in the past, or whether we must split into totally separate and antagonistic camps, defined by adherence to a theological purity code (i.e., an "Anglican covenant").
I think most of us on the liberal/progressive side would support the first alternative, while most of those on the conservative side would insist on the second. It only takes one partner to initiate a divorce; the efforts of both parties are required to make the marriage survive. It therefore appears that a fracture of the Anglican Communion is inevitable. I too despair.
Les Clute, Newport News, Virginia USA
Well, if that's not wishful thinking I don't know what is. There is no attempt here to ask how the word of God informs what it is to be a human being. Instead our faith is to reflect the latest pseudo scientific theory or sociological fashion. I despair.
gerard, glasgow,