Ruth Gledhill Religion Correspondent of The Times
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A senior Roman Catholic bishop has launched a fierce attack on Prime Minister Gordon Brown over his failure to pledge reform of Britain’s anti-Catholic laws.
In a strongly-worded letter to him at Downing Street, the Right Rev Joseph Devine, Bishop of Motherwell in Scotland, accuses the Prime Minister of compromising his beliefs in justice, virtue and respect.
He accuses Mr Brown of “surrendering” to anti-Catholic lobbyists who are resisting repeal of the Act of Settlement of 1701 and says he has “broken faith” with the nation’s five million Catholics.
He demands that before the next General Election, the Prime Minister announce “a firm timetable” to reform the Act of Settlement.
The 1701 legislation, introduced to ensure the Protestant succession to the British throne, enshrined discriminatory anti-Catholic measures into British law. It helped lead to the union of England and Wales with Scotland, and its measures apply throughout the Commonwealth.
Under one of its provisions, the heir to the throne can become monarch if he marries a Scientologist, Muslim, Buddhist, Moonie or even a Satanist, but not if he or she marries a Roman Catholic.
Although the Act does not affect directly the lives of the 800,000 Catolics in Scotland and four million-plus in England and Wales, it is regarded widely as an anomaly in an era when the removal of discrimination against homosexuals, non-Christian religions and other minority groups is seen as a priority by Labour.
In Scotland, where sectarianism has been described as the nation’s “shame”, it is a particularly sensitive matter as the Act of Settlement is seen as legitiming anti-Catholic prejudice.
But its repeal would be a complicated and time-consuming matter. One complication is that every Commonwealth country would have to repeal it individually or risk splitting the monarchy. If Prince William married a Catholic, he could only become King in those countries that had repealed the Act.
In a letter to the Prime Minister, Bishop Devine says that following public appeals from the Cardinals of England and Wales and Scotland, the leaders of all political parties in the Scottish Parliament with the exception of Labour’s Wendy Alexander have agreed to support the Church’s campaign to have the act repealed.
Bishop Devine says the Church is now looking to the Government to announce “a firm timetable to reform the Act of Settlement and pledge that Catholics will no longer be victims of state sponsored sectarianism.” He warns: “Nothing less will do.”
Giving an indication of the extent of Catholic anger about the Act of Settlement, seen as a symbol of lingering anti-Catholic prejudice in Britain, Bishop Devine notes that at the start of his premiership, Mr Brown emphasised his “integrity, honour and serious moral purpose.”
He says: “[This] led many of us to have justifiable hopes, with your encouragement, of a new kind of politics where justice, truth and defence of human rights would be paramount virtues in government.”
Turning on the Christian credentials of the Prime Minister, a son of the Presbyterian manse, he then describes it as “a fascinating irony” that someone from a devout Christian background, and identified more than most modern politicians with firm Christian convictions, “should be seen to compromise your beliefs of virtue, respect and justice for all by apparently surrendering to anonymous pressure groups and individuals who are determined to uphold the notorious anti-Catholic provisions in the Act of Settlement.”
Claiming it was Mr Brown’s acknowledged intention to overturn the legislation, Bishop Devine alleges that at the eleventh hour, Mr Brown was persuaded to change his plans “by virulently anti-Catholic antagonists.”
If this was not so, the decision to retain the anti-Catholic legislation was his alone, the Bishop says. “I would prefer to believe that you allowed your honourable and honest intentions to be thwarted by people of doubtful intent.”
He continues: “Five million British Catholics who looked to you as their Prime Minister to protect their hard won rights and ensure they had equality before the law understandably feel you have broken faith with them. Under your premiership and government they continue to suffer from legislation designed to offend, malign and marginalise them.”
That the Labour Government should saction the continued discrimination against Catholics “is an affront to civilised society and serves only to encourage the suspicion that the demons of our past remain at large where we might least expect to find them,” says Bishop Devine. “I have the depressing feeling that if this legislation had discriminated against other sections of society and religious groups there would be justifiable outrage no doubt with government quite properly in the vanguard of the campaign to overturn such a prejudiced Act.”
Earlier this year, Bishop Devine wrote to all party leaders in Scotland describing the “deep hurt and dismay” among Catholics over the failure to repeal the Act.
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What's really ironic is that the last catholic King of England, James II, had his rights and the rights of his heirs stolen from him by people who apparently didn't care for his toleration of ALL faiths.
Yes, the one King who never discriminated anyone based on their faith was CATHOLIC. And for that he was exiled.........and had his name and character blackened by those who support hatred and bigotry.
Shame.
Beatrice, Windsor,
The 1702 Treason Act says that attempting to interfere with the lawful succession of the throne constitutes High Treason. Anyone who attempts to have the law changed to allow Catholics to sit on the throne is guilty of High Treason and subject to life imprisonment.
wonkotsane, Telford, England
It is something that Britain would discriminate against a religion which is also Christian and of which was part of its history for a thousand years. Also the ancestors of the British were Catholics and it is ironic that it would treat people of other non- Christian beliefs and races in a less discriminatory manner. I am sure Muslim radicals who consider all Christians as enemies and who do not belong in Britain or Europe in the first place probably are laughing at this.
Jack, Tampa, Fl,
I am absolutely shocked by the antiqated bigotry displayed by some of these posts. Not just their bigotry, but also in their skewed view of history. Catholics did not support Hitler - how can an educated person not recognize the number of catholic religious who died in concentration camps or acknowledge the many non-catholic people the CC helped to save from the concentration camps. You can condemn the CC for it's stance on divorce and the gay issue, but the CC follows scripture in this, if anything, the CC is one of the few churches that actually sticks to the scriptures in what is right and what is wrong. You never have to guess which way the church will rule on an issue in any time or place or culture - it will always be according to scripture.That said, I truly am ashamed that our cousins across the pond are so backwards when it comes to religious rights and justice.
Sheila, Leesburg,
The Bishop is missing the point.
What advice would he give to a Catholic girl who was considering marrying someone in line to be the nominal head of the Church of England? Either she renounces the faith or the fiance renounces the succession. There are no half measures. It is nothing to do with discrimination and everything to do with incompatibility on religious grounds for such a match.
St. Thomas More understood these things. I am galled that the bishop claims that Mr. Brown has "broken faith" with the nation's Catholics. On the contrary, the monarchy broke faith with the nation's Catholics some considerable time ago.
Margaret Porwal, Bristol, England
This is a very offesive postion for the 5 millon Catholics in the UK. To think my own taxes are promping up this system which says I am am worth less than every other person in the country albeit my brothers and sisters in the Catholic Church.
The last Pope warned this Government that a war in Iraq would be a crime against humanity. Now who wants to talk about a history of crimes and intollerance?
I will be writing to my MP in Milton Keynes to express my disgust at this attack on my faith.
John , Milton Keynes , UK
These articles and comments only demonstrate that "anti-Catholicism is the last respectable prejudice." Catholicism teaches the way of fidelity and purity, and yet the world comes to the defense of divorce and homosexuality. Catholicism teaches repect for all life from conception until death, and yet the world promotes abortion and euthanasia. The Catholic faith was established in the apostolic age and is mocked for being outdated, and yet the world hails the doctrines of the New Age Movement because...they're so ancient. The Catholic Church embraces every nation and culture known to man, and has withstood the falling and rising of empires and civilizations, yet the world condemns her as narrow-minded, and believes she will crumble any day day now. We've heard the world's blather for an awful long time, and it's quite boring to hear only more of the same. The Catholic Church cannot be destroyed because Christ Himself defends her...even from her own wicked memebers.
Timothy O'Keefe, Westfield, USA
Very delicate situation. I think the solution is a spiritual one. Why does the Church of England even exist? Because of the belligerence of a despot king (Henry VIII), who was once considered the most adamant defender of the Catholic Church until he didn't get his way! . Everyone knows the Catholic Faith is the "Mother Church". The FACT is that many royals and Anglicans have already converted to Catholicism. Even Tony Blair is en route! I think we must consider what the Catholic Church stands for and what that would mean to the UK and its many Masonic ties.
You go Excellency!
L.Mel, springfield, USA
It's so unfortunate that while people of other faiths are welcomed in GB, Wales and Scotland, Catholics are continually viewed with suspicion and fear. The Act of Settlement was 1701...it ensured the Church of England hegemony and effectively cut English Catholics off from any meaningful participation in government. Isn't it time to move on?
Summa, Camden, DE USA
easy solution - get rid of the outdated institution of a monarchy.
spend the money on schools hospitals etc instead of playboy princes and gun toting greek womanisers
sean, edinburgh,
"The RC church has a terrible history of intolerance of others and support for despots and dictators who were subservient her, consider the support for Hitler, Franco, Mussolini, The Spanish Inquisition and the way in which the church has treated victims of its own priests activity over this last century. It also has a long history of treating its own people very badly never mind others and the bar should continue."
PLEASE SEE THE FIRST COMMENT WHICH CLEARLY ANSWERS YOUR OBJECTION:
Many of your correspondents are of the opinion that the previous behaviour of the Catholic Church is justification for the continuance of this discrimination. This is a fallacious position to hold. The Act of Settlement discriminates against individuals who happen to be Catholic, not against the Catholic church, and it must be repealed.
Many adherents of Reformed churches have also been guilty of heinous crimes in the name of God - to single out Catholics in this way is, at best, disingenuous.
John, Edinburgh, Scotland
I am surprised and horrified to read anti- Catholicism still in the law book of England. I thought that we are in the 21 st centaury.It looks that England still lives in the Dark Age. The commonwealth countries have their own heads of state. The quenn is not the head of India,or other countries of commonwealth. How can a country discriminate a big portion of its citizens, still remain a civilized nation!
Fr. John, Roman Catholic priest, USA.
John, Morrice, USA
In this day and age, it is amazing that a legal provision such as this still holds out
Mr Monteith, the RCC does have a history of intolerance of others but was not alone in looking the other way as Hitler held sway 60 some years ago. All of the Christian denominations bear responsibility for looking the other way
A Monarch should be able to marry whom ever he/she cares to.
So i guess in this case, the King or Queen has less rights than a common man or woman.
I guess every society has its dirty little issues that we attempt to sweep under the carpet.
Ours was slavery and race relations that we struggle with to this day. Yours is anti-Catholic bigotry, institutionalized and otherwise.
The issue can be either right or wrong. There is no gray area
Religious intolerance and descrimination is as wrong as racial discrimination is. There is no in-between
Tom McLaughlin, Chicago, Illinois/ USA
Many of your correspondents are of the opinion that the previous behaviour of the Catholic Church is justification for the continuance of this discrimination. This is a fallacious position to hold. The Act of Settlement discriminates against individuals who happen to be Catholic, not against the Catholic church, and it must be repealed.
Many adherents of Reformed churches have also been guilty of heinous crimes in the name of God - to single out Catholics in this way is, at best, disingenuous.
Michael, Glasgow, Scotland
The article says that "One complication is that every Commonwealth country would have to repeal it individually or risk splitting the monarchy. If Prince William married a Catholic, he could only become King in those countries that had repealed the Act. "
Is the writer not aware that many Commonwealth countries are Republics? Being Heead of State in Britain does not maake you Head of State of all Commonwealth countries.
John Albright, London,
The Roman Catholic church members have been barred from holding the position of monarch for a very good reason and that is their history in the position. Tyranny against the holders of other beliefs and contempt for those who hold to the Roman Catholic faith are only two of the traits exhibited by historical holders of the position.
The RC church has a terrible history of intolerance of others and support for despots and dictators who were subservient her, consider the support for Hitler, Franco, Mussolini, The Spanish Inquisition and the way in which the church has treated victims of its own priests activity over this last century. It also has a long history of treating its own people very badly never mind others and the bar should continue.
Darrell Monteith, Omagh, Northern Ireland
Why is it that whenever I hear the words "anti-whatever lobby" I automatically assume that the speaker is a bully? Long experience of life, I guess. This Oprah Syndrome ("I'm more of a victim that you") is really getting out of hand.
I can probably find at least a dozen minority groups that I am a member of. I expect most people can do better even than that. If even an evil atheist like me can realise that the good I do for others is more important than the slights others do me, why can't a good bishop?
Ian Kemmish, Biggleswade, UK
There is no sign that the bishop's church is planning to remove its discrimination against non-Catholics in mixed marriages, or remove its requirement that their children be brought up as Catholics.
The head of state in the UK is required to be in communion with the established churches north and south of the border. If the monarch's children were required to be brought up as Catholics, the heir could not become King because his own church bans Catholics from receiving communion elsewhere.
Let the Bishop of Motherwell sort out this discrimination, and when his own house is in order then perhaps it will be possible to repeal the Act.
Alan Marsh, Ely,
As both a Catholic and a Conservative, I think we have to tread very carefully here. The next coronation is going to be very different from the last one, which took place only eight years after victory in WWII, yet before the dissolution of the British Empire.
The focal point will be the continuation of the monarchy. Whilst I personally regret the rift with Rome on the part of Henry VIII, I think the historic integration of the Anglican Communion into the UK is a force for good, and I do not want to see the state secularised.
That said, I acknowledge with concern the drift towards secularism in our institutions and among the population. The internet has abolished our geographical status as an "island" state, and the political opinions of most UK contributors to internet debates now seem to be grounded on the American Constitution. Since the next coronation is indeed going to be very different from the last one, I think that as a nation we should all start preparing for it now.
Edmund Burke, Kingston upon Thames, England
I hope that Gordon Brown sticks to his convictions, and we do not have any alterations to these laws. We have a protestant Queen on the throne and long may it remain free of popish interference. Martin Luther the great reformer who brought about the light of the reformation, freed people from Rome, they were not even allowed to read the bible for themselves in those days, priests alone were allowed the privilege and they read in Latin. I know that the Anglican Church is in a right mess, and in many ways the Roman Catholics are much more outspoken against abortion and other issues, but so far as Christianity is concerned, it is 'counterfeit Christianity', giving people false hope, they have not changed any of their doctrines. .
Making saints in just one example, we are told in the Bible that all believers who are born again of the spirit of God are saints in the eyes of God, without the say so of an 'infallible pope'. Please keep the Monarchy of this land Protestant.
M Elward, Bridgend, Glam
Mark - faith schools back under state control? State schools are already failing too many children... why add to the misery just because you don't like religion?
Andrew Brown, derby, UK
Much as it goes againsty the grain to agree with anything that the bishop spouts, I have to say that I also see no resaon why this act should still be in force. Come on Mr Brown, lets have a general tidy up of all these anachronistic laws governing which fairy tales are supported by the government and which are proscribed. Along with ditching the Act of Settlement he can also disestablish the Church of England, scrap any new "faith" schools, and a make a solid commitment/timetable to bring all the existing ones back under state control (including the bishop's own catholic ones)
Mark Allen, Nottingham,