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In China it is known as the “sacred doctrine” and it has become one of the country’s bestselling books. Yet it has nothing to do with the thoughts of Chairman Mao and its teachings have been in conflict with the forces of Communism for generations.
Demand for the Bible is soaring in China, at a time when meteoric economic growth is testing the country’s allegiance to Communist doctrine. Today the 50 millionth Bible will roll off the presses of China’s only authorised publisher, Amity Printing, amid public fanfare and celebration.
In the past, foreign visitors were discouraged from bringing Bibles into the country in case they received some heavy-handed treatment from zealous Customs officials.
Such is the demand in China for Bibles that Amity Printing can scarcely keep pace. Early next year it will move into a new, much larger factory on the edge of the eastern city of Nanjing to become the world’s single-biggest producer of Bibles.
One book a second glides off the production line at this joint venture between a Chinese Christian charity and the United Bible Societies, a Protestant organisation. Amity has been printing Bibles since 1986. The new factory will have a capacity of one million Bibles a month, increasing the current output by one third.
New Zealander Peter Dean, of the United Bible Societies, bustles between the humming state-of-the-art presses. Mr Dean, who has been in China at Amity since 1991, said: “This platform has been built as a blessing to the nation. It will print Bibles for China for as long as it takes to do it.” Authorities at the officially approved Protestant and Catholic churches put the size of China’s Christian population at about 30 million. But that does not include the tens of millions more who worship in private at underground churches loyal to the Vatican or to various Protestant churches.
Of the 50 million Bibles Amity has printed, 41 million were for the faithful in Chinese and eight minority languages. The rest have been for export to Russia and Africa. Sales surged from 505,000 in 1988 to a high of 6.5 million in 2005. Output last year was 3.5 million and is expected to rise in 2007.
One of Mr Dean’s bestsellers is a pocket Bible, a version not suitable for the older generation to read and which may indicate a rapid expansion in the number of new, younger believers. He cited a surge in demand during the Sars crisis in 2003, but refrained from commenting. The enterprise has clearly flourished through its discretion and careful adherence to China’s laws that prohibit evangelising.
The Bible is not on sale in mainstream Chinese bookshops but through a distribution system managed by the official church, for example at stalls set up for people attending morning service. But it does figure on a recommended reading list of useful books in the glitzy metropolis of Shanghai.
A country where the Communist ideology has lost much credibility is seeing an upsurge in conversions to Christianity. Li Baiguang, a prominent lawyer and Christian activist who was received by President Bush at the White House last year, said: “Rising wealth means that more and more people have been able to meet their material needs, the need for food and clothing.
“Then they are finding that they need to satisfy their spiritual needs, to look for happiness for the soul. In addition, they are seeing a breakdown in the moral order as money takes over. Thus, more and more people are turning to Christianity.”
In the ultra-leftist Cultural Revolution between 1966 and 1976, Bibles were burnt as tomes of superstition. Much has altered since the 1980s when government policy required tourists and visitors not to bring in Bibles “in excess of personal use”. Many faithful took to smuggling the book into China to meet demand.
Cases of Bible smuggling are still reported and some people have been deported and locals even jailed. The Bibles they are smuggling usually contain the accepted gospel and an additional chapter slipped in among the pages relating to a particular sect or cult trying to spread its own beliefs.
It is such a sensitive issue that Chinese officials denied rumours recently that China would ban international athletes from bringing in Bibles to the Olympics in Beijing next August. However, the official Olympic website states: “Each traveller is recommended to take no more than one Bible into China.”
With China’s economy set to boom, Amity expects even higher demand when its new factory opens.
Mr Dean gestures to a new paper-sorting machine destined for the printing plant that had to be installed in the old facility recently to cope with demand. He is unconcerned about possible excess capacity. “Our lamp is full and the wick trimmed,” he said.
The believers
31% of China’s 1.05 billion adults consider themselves religious
200m of them are Buddhists or Taoists
40m the estimated population of Christians in China
1-2% are Muslims
1949 year China became officially atheist
Sources: China Daily; Central Intelligence Agency
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As C.S.Lewis (Oxford don and author of the Narnia book series & many others) enlightened his friends and colleagues, the difference between Christianity and other religions is that of GRACE - the undeserved love of God for humankind.
And I would add that we serve a LIVING GOD, our Saviour, Jesus (and we surely need one).He is alive and active on planet earth.
The fact that some deny it, fails to make it any less a truth. And one day 'Everyone will see Him and bow down in worship' for He is coming back to earth - then as Conquering KING.
What a wonderful day to look forward to!
But as one of the children said of ASLAN the Lion (the analogy for Christ Jesus) : 'Course He's not safe, but He's good'
Approach Him and see for yourself. Don't sit on the sidelines and criticise. He loves you and has work for us all to do, that will bring purpose, meaning and joy to your life - even through the difficulties in life. (Christians suffer the same things as anyone living.)God bless you.
BB, Belfast, Northern Ireland
The Christians are making a mistake in distributing the Bible so widely and so quickly in cultures not used to the 'niceified' extracts with which we Westerners are raised. I'd love to see the Bible and the Koran made available to all in all languages overnight. My faith is in human rationality and in our ability, when these books are not accompanied by brainwashing, to see them for what they are. Enough to put one off religion for life :) Bring it on!
Gareth, London,
I read English version Bible in Beijing 10 years ago. I was fascinated by such stories as two daughters raped their father by intoxicating him and had baby. Chinese people, throughout 5000 years, are not people of religious faith. We believe whoever makes our wish come true. If Buddha does it, I pay tribute to him; If Jesus does it, I praise him. I hate foreign religions spreading in China, pure culture invasion. I don't understand why you people are so enthusiastic about Christianity spreading in China. We donât need you to save our souls. Weâve lived just fine for 5000 years, before the Opium War by you guys. Now it is the spiritual Opium trying to eliminate Chinese culture. "Underground churches" are those Catholics led by Vatican secretly-appointed bishops in China. Vatican, a country that has not acknowledge the legitimacy of the Chinese government and has no diplomatic ties with China, is sending bishops into china to cultivate underground church. In my eyes, they are spies.
Yin Yang, Beijing, CHINA
superstitious and gobbledegook???
Do you have ANY idea of the massive amount of evidence: biblical, extra-biblical, secular and archaeological for the Bible and Christianity? Surely you don't otherwise you would not reel out your tired victorian anti-Christian mantras.
Does "superstitious and gobbledegook" stand in the face of death, in the face of oppression, in the face changing philosophical fads?
Of course not. No reasonable person placed in danger of their lives or facing persecution for a belief will follow a belief that is in-effective and un-true.
Conclusion a living faith in Christ is both effective and true.
What the Chinese have is an open mind, free of western cynicism, educated and able to decide for themselves.
Exactly what we in the west have lost.
When you cast off your pre-conceptions and approach the Bible's message honestly an amazing truth is revealed.
In my experience the Chinese are able to do this where-as many Westerners simply can't.
Nathan, Inverness, UK
The article is not quite accurate and seems to be based on statements made by the Chinese authorities. Although they seem to be relaxing a little in their attempt to control religion, it still remains a criminal offence to bring a bible into China - where bibles are still in short supply, despite the work of the new press - bibles which certainly do not contain anything other than the authentic text of the Scriptures. The notion that foreign-produced bibles contain extraneous material is simply Chinese propaganda.
The article's estimates of the number of Christians in China are also on the low side. Very large numbers belong to the savagely-persecuted underground churches (that is why they are hidden) and it is more likely that there are now 100m Chinese Christians, with the numbers growing rapidly now that it is impossible to prevent Chinese people from using modern information technology.
Alan Marsh, Ely,
Take note Mr Dawkins of what happens when atheists try to stamp out Christianity - either by violence or distortion. Might as well admit you are on to a loser.
Andrew Brown, derby, UK
i pray that the bible remains true to the original word and not polluted by incorrect and false teachings as would appear to have happened in the 'western countries'. true christianity is no threat to anyone.
stephen baron, leith, tasmania
that's good.
chenzy6708, shenzhen, p.r.o china
How wonderful to see the seed of faith sprouting so fast in China. Miracle happens everyday. The is a very big good news of the year-2007-2008. God bless.
saleem, Rome, Italy
china can fight superstition by teaching its citizens science ..
Romeo Macapobre, Manille, Philippines
I hope the Chinese - such an intelligent people - will not make the mistake of jumping from the frying pan of one belief (Maoism) into the fire of yet another belief.
alan, cologne,
Mr. Bradley,
Where and how did you get your knowledge of history?
Y. K. Hui
Y. K. Hui, Irving, Texas
To Bradley, Cape Town, South Africa,
I cannot agree with you even more. A huge factor in the spreading of the Christianity nowadays, is the influence of American pop culture. As is evident, Protestant is dominating the trend, and Catholic churches have made little progress after the Spanish and Portuguese invaded Latin America. Bible and Christianity in China are more Hollywood than anything the believers would have hoped. Another factor often forget by most Westerners is that Christen missionaries, particularly, those of the catholic churches did millions of evil things in China, when they flooded into China after the Opium war. They took peopleâs land by force to build churches, to kill them in order to save their souls. China was fortunate that she did not turn into a second South America, thankfully, to her vast population and strong old traditions. Otherwise, we lost our soul and body our ancestors gave, which is the biggest sin in our culture.
Yin Yang, Beijing, CHINA
"The intelligent mind, free of mind, must reject religion and everything that it stands for."
How can we call ourselves free when we are slaves to pornography, alcohol, drugs, and the influence of the media? Christianity is not in any way a limitation of our freedom, but rather the opposite, because Christ wants to free us from the bondage of sin and offers us SO MANY GRACES to live according to his Word, if we seek Him. I don't really see how anyone can say that "China is doing well as an atheist country," considering that suicide is the number one killer of young Chinese adults and claims 250,000 lives in China per year, with upto 3.5 million additional unsuccessful attempts. And where exactly are the human rights? Children have, for decades, been killed and "disposed of" in thousands of unimaginable ways, and you want to tell me there's no need for change? Young people in Asia are searching for Truth, and finding it. I'm sure they don't care what grumpy Americans have to say.
Jordan C., London,
This is really bad news! The Bible has been used for centuries to justify the most terrible crimes against humanity. It is (and was) used to justify the oppression of women, blacks, slaves and the persecution of ânon-believersâ. Slave-owners used the Bible to justify slavery. It consists mostly of anonymous and incoherent Bronze Age texts that unknown editors cobbled together from many different sources. For 1500 years the Bible has been used as a blueprint for every crime known to humanity. It has been consistently used to justify slavery, mindless bigotry, and the killing of Moslems, Jews, homosexuals, etc. It is entirely unsuitable reading for human beings. By implication it advocates violence, bigotry, cruelty, despotism, torture, child murder. There is no crime or moral depravity that is not vividly depicted in the Bible. It destabilizes susceptible people. How sad that the Bible, which has caused so much misery in the West, should now be allowed to wreak havoc in China as well.
Bradley, Cape Town, South Africa
- And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached throughout the whole world, as a testimony to all nations; and then the end will come.- Matthew 24.14
Steiner, Adelaide,
This is great news.
Now, when will Bibles be legalized in Saudi Arabia?
Ethan, Tampa, FL
The intelligent mind, free of mind, must reject religion and everything that it stands for.
Wake up China before it's too late!
G. Dent., N.Y.,
Really, a book that has gone numerous revisions and editorials that credited authorities around the world agree no longer reflects the true nature of what was written 2000 yrs ago?
And what version are they looking at, the King James? what about the numerous versions being held in the Vatican vaults. Modern Christianity is a religion whose tenents were decided upon at the Council of Nice, and the modern day bible has been modified to reflect the kind of society that those elders wanted.
No thanks!
Aryan Muslim, Edinb, Scotland
If China's communist leaders want to destroy Christianity, all they need to do is legalize it and let the inevitable prosperity gospel take over like it has in the United States. Nothing neutralizes true Christianity and the doctrine of taking up the cross to follow Christ like prosperity and peace. True Christianity flourishes when persecution abounds. Christians are like dandelions. When you kick them, they spread. When Christians have no cost associated with their faith, mammon starts looking really attractive and the result is a worthless, neutered Christianity, devoid of any power or influence.
Val, Chicago, IL
Donald Smith thinks that the danger in China is that heresies will sprout if people belong to undergraound and illegal churches. I suggest that the opposite may be the case if the experience of western churches is anything to go by. Where has false teaching in the form of liberal theology been tolerated and promoted but in the older Protestant denominations with such baleful effects on the the spiritual life and witness of local congregations? It is the evangelicals within these denominations and those outside them that have upheld biblical orthodoxy.
Kenneth Brownell, London, England
The danger is that huge heresies are likely to appear in China as most Christians belong to underground and illegal house churches. With no one to control their respective theologies, another movement like the heretical Taiping (whose rebellion resulted in 20 million deaths) could emerge and hold sway.
Donald Smith , London, UK
Praise God! This proves that all Christianity needs to spread is freedom from persecution. China will be blessed. "Faith comes by heariing , and hearing by the Word of God."
Garrett Ward Sheldon, wise, virginia usa
I loved how in the end of the statistics they just said 1-2% Muslim. Most notable sources put the faith equal to or more than Christianity. My point is not which faith has more no one cares, but that the bias is unmistakable and in the end a very dangerous game to play.
elis, london, UK
Ego's in China are as persistent as the rest of the planet. "Pointsof view" are just not willing to accept that they will cease.The promise of eternal life is difficult even the Chinese to reject .
Religion is also a comfort to frightened children.
R.G.Rankin, Keyport, NJ
It's wonderful to hear that China finally has access to such a historically important book. It's up to them to believe it or not, but nobody has any right to withhold the Bible from them.
At least now some of the most committed Christians can stop risking their freedom to spread the word there.
Anna Fruen, Plymouth, UK
The article was great, thanks. I guess the Chinese people are ready for a religion that teaches them respect for others and the santity of life. Communism has done so much for them, murdered millions who resisted, stole their property in the name of the state, limited their ability to have children, while sapping their will to live. I guess some of them remember. The reforms in China will never make amends for the atrocities suffered under the communist terror.
David Ray, Kingsport, USA/TN
After several visits to China I became concinced that if China ever turned ti the God of the Bible, God would bles that nation. It apears that China is turning and God is blessing. Will China become God's instrument in brnging destruction to a Western Civilization that is becoming increasigly athiest, immoral and blastphemus toward the God of the Bible?
God will not long toledrate a society that has denigrated His word and His Christ in ways that are so filthy that it is beyond imagining. God is going to judge America and China just might be that instrument. A nation that has a 250 man-o-war blue water navy doesn't have it for coastal defence
John Burke, New Bern, NC
China and its people are beautifull hope its people don't get indoctrinated and belive this mambo yambo
Shame on the West
e_widiner, shanghai, china
Bruce, you're right they've been doing well as atheist ......democracy and human rights are flourishing.
Hotspur, ATL, GA/USA
Just what the Chinese need: fairy tales and superstitious gobbledegook.
Bruce L. Northwood, Washington, D.C., USA