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The uproar in Spain over the written interview by our correspondent Thomas Catan with Iñaki de Juana Chaos, the imprisoned Basque separatist leader on hunger strike, is not because The Times broke any rules in obtaining his answers. Nor is it because we have shown any sympathy with a man originally sentenced to 3,000 years for orchestrating machinegun and bomb attacks that killed 25 people. The anger is because The Times is accused, in the phrase made famous by media reporting of the IRA, of giving the “oxygen of publicity” to Eta. Let us be clear. Eta is a terrorist organisation, responsible for at least 800 killings in Spain, but we believe that reporting which questions and probes terrorist thinking strengthens society’s ability to deal with the enemy within. The Times interview revealed a man devoid of remorse.
The international publicity comes at a moment when the Government of José Luis RodrÍguez Zapatero is facing its biggest crisis since it took office in 2004, over a policy on Eta that has all but imploded. De Juana has been on hunger strike for 92 days and is close to death. He is protesting against the recent imposition of an extra twelve years and seven months on top of the eighteen years he has already served for murder. He maintains, with some plausibility, that the sentence was political, secured for making terrorist threats in articles in a Basque newspaper but in reality intended to keep him in prison because a furious public reaction would accompany his release.
The Spanish Prime Minister is in an impossible position. He cannot afford to be soft on Eta, which arouses even more public anger and hostility than the IRA did in Britain. Eta insists, as does de Juana, that a ceasefire is still its policy despite the Madrid bomb last December which killed two people and forced Mr Zapatero to break off all talks. The Opposition has ruthlessly exploited Mr Zapatero’s former willingness to negotiate, parading Eta’s stance as evidence that the Government is falling into a trap set by terrorists. Yet the Prime Minister is not really in control of the situation. The main decisions on Eta are made by the courts, which are largely sympathetic to the conservative Opposition. It was the courts that handed down a second sentence at the top end of the prosecution’s suggested range. It was the Supreme Court that, last month, declared three inchoate Basque street gangs, largely made up of teenage supporters of separatism, to be “terrorist organisations” linked to Eta. That obliged the police to round up 18 gang members, provoking a backlash that may explain the crudely made bombs which exploded at a railway station in the Basque Country yesterday. And it is the Supreme Court that will rule on Monday whether de Juana’s new sentence should be annulled, cut to four years or increased to ninety-six years as the powerful Association of Victims of Terrorism is demanding.
To most Spaniards, de Juana is the monstrous epitome of 40 years of terrorism. Yet to let him die risks widespread, perhaps violent, rioting in the Basque Country and would provide Eta with a martyr figure. The Times has shone a light on a dilemma that many people in Spain would like to play down. Getting terrorists to lay down their arms is a fraught business, as Britain knows well, requiring endless time and talk. Wounds and emotions in Spain at present are too raw for either.
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In what way other than being forced by the nationalist government to speak an absurd concoction of rural dialects cooked up in the 1960s by a handful of academics with nothing better to spend their time on are the Basques being persecuted? Apart from being gunned down if they are not nationalist I mean. There is no more sense in demanding independence for the Basque country than there would be in doing so for Cornwall or Kent. Far from being violently occupied, savaged and oppressed as Ireland was for centuries by England, the Basque country is the very germ of what would become Spain one day. Deprive a nationalist of his chance to whine and you deprive him of his lifeblood though, so you will rarely see one refer to historical fact, preferring instead to dwell on the obscenely racist fantasies of Basque Nationalist Party founder Sabino Arana, writings so repugnant that even his own party refuse to publish them, aware that in doing so they would discredit themselves in the eyes of all.
Ainhoa , Fuenterrabía, Spain
the Spanish government has given in to blackmail. Can the Spanish people respect it? Can the governments of other nations trust it? A prominent socialist, leader of an anti-terrorist civic organisation has declared THE RULE OF LAW HAS DIED TODAY IN SPAIN. It is sad, but true.
Joanna, Burgos, Castilla, Spain
Typical Spanish hypocrisy.
Its so easy to ignore the continued persecution of the Basque people when its forbidden to report it. There is no justice in Spain and although Franco is dead his spirit lives on.
Anytime they want to take a swipe at the UK all we hear are screams about Gibraltar. That has been democratic and part of the EU longer than Spain, and is used as an excuse by politicians to block important sanctions, and shamefully blackballed from UEFA.
Pretending there is no problem does not solve it. The British Governement were braver in talking to the other side in Ireland, why should Spain be different ?
José Viento, Brighton, Sussex, UK
This man,or thing,because i don't think he can be call a person,has killed 25 inocent people without any remorse.Even more,he actually says that it's better to begin killing civil people and not politician.He is an ASSASSIN and has to be in prision.There is no other way.
I wish he die very soon,and when it happens then i will drink champagne like he did when inocent people was murdered.
PS:Sorry for my english.
Ana, Madrid, España
I am not going to defend De Juana Chaos for his terrible crimes, for which he has served his sentence of almost 20 years in prison, but nobody can't ignore that his last two years of imprisonment and the deny for his freedom are, in theory, for writing two opinion articles in a newspaper. How many of you read the articles? Well, I did and he doesn't threat anybody but denounces, what he thinks, an abusive management by several prison directors that he has met during his many years as an inmate. And for these two articles he is getting 12 years. This is simply called revenge. And finally, if everybody agrees that this peculiar idea of independence for Basque Country is only pursued by a few fanatics extremists why the Spanish Government does not let Basque citizens to democratically decide their own future with, for instance, a referendum? Thanks the Times for giving the opportunity for everybody's opinion to be published.
karlos , macclesfield,
Dear Sir/madam
I am not going to mention the different mistakes in the original interview, like mentioning that Juana prepared himself totally shaving all his hair and tying himself up for the pictures when he is only tied up when the doctors have to give him proteins. I am not even going to mention the fact that the Basque Country has a political autonomy inside the Spain that Scotland or Ulster only dream about.
So I'm only going to remember one fact. He killed 25 people. And recently he mentioned in a newspaper how he wanted to kill again.
Also, allow me to remind you those "teenage supporters of separatism" actually support terrorism. Nobody condems them for supporting separatism, but for making life impossible in the streets and actually celebrating every person killed by ETA.
It's true that wounds are too raw. It's just that we'd like if they stopped chanting victory every time an innocent person died.
Jaime Velasco, Vigo, Spain
Dear Sir/Madam,
I have read the article and also seen the picture.
The man on the bed is the killer of 25 people. De Juana pleads for peace. In Spain there has not been a war since 1939, what I am pleading for is freedom. Spain lives in peace, what we are lacking is freedom, above all in Euskadi( Basque Country) where people are not free to expres themself. Basque people live afraid that some terrorist will kill them or their families if they want to be Spaniards.
beatriz , Valencia, Spain
I am so angry to see ETA called a separatist group instead of a Terrorist group. I cannot believe it, did you forget IRA so quick???
Just few bomb letters explode in Britain. Do you think any Islamic separatist group have done it?
victor, Cordoba, Spain
The situation in Spain is indeed complicated. I can not expect someone who has not grown up in the country to fully understand it, but I would expect some respect.
You have not had one of your classmates killed by a bomb at age 11. You were not told since you were little not to kick bags or bins because there could be a bomb. You have not suffered bomb threats in your school. You have not had a night out with your friends ruined with great violence because the "street fighters" decided to demonstrate the exact same days that exams finished. You didn't have to stop a bunch of kids from turning your car and burning it so you and your niece could get out of the riot area. You have not recieved a letter telling you they would kill your family if you don't give them money. You don't think that you are fortunate because nobody in your family has been killed by a terrorist group.
My anger is justified and my need is for peace, but I will not talk to people who have no remorse.
Carmen Huesa, Aberdeen, UK
I am very sad that a newpaper like The Times (the BBC also do the same) called ETA a separatist group instead of a Terrorist group. This is an insult to the victims and to all the peole that by peaceful means do not want to belong to a particular country. All my life I had been very anglophile and I travelled a lot to London. I always thought that Gibraltar future should be decided by Gibraltarians. Your article was clearly a gift to supporters od Eta and a blow for peaceful people. From now on, I will always remeber that according to the United Nations Gibraltar is a colony and so it should be returned. And about Iraq I will always think that UK went there illegally and then learning from your way of defining Eta I will have my doubts if the terrorists in Iraq should be killed terrorist or just the resistantS to an illegal foreign occupation.
I am so much disappointed. Where I thought we had friends we just do not have.
Josep, Barcelona, Catalonia
Dear Mr Mrs
Judging by your article, it appears the Times has somewhat blundered into this situation. I am surprised to find that an internationally acclaimed broadsheet like the Times should have such little foresight. Perhaps next time, more thorough research into the political background and implications of the matter and less clandestine interviews may be advised before shedding light on a dilemma which you so succinctly described as being too raw to be touched
best regards
Tim Duthie, London
tim, London, UK
In a mature democracy like the US this killer would have been executed. Anyone who thinks the Basques are oppressed needs psychiatric help. Britain has no lessons to offer us. Stop being a loudspeaker for demented killers.
Jose, Oviedo, Spain
Spanish people don´t understand why this region that has the same culture, religion, traditions, which was before spain than Madrid has many people that wants the autodetermination. We also don´t understand (always with the respect they don´t have with us) why we have to pay it with our lives, our bussiness, our freedon. This is a war with only one team that kills and make life imposible to others, an in the other hand one team that respects the other, has never ever killed anyone and respects democracy. Maybe if there were less young people burning buses, burning bussiness the years in prison were also less.
Above all is comunication problem. If you want to be outside spain that´s ok. But what are you going to do with the other 50% o Basque people who wants to be spanish?
Irene, Madrid, Spain
I wonder if you realize how much using the term "separatists" instead of "terrorists" to describe members of ETA rankles with the Spanish people?
Nedra Rivera, Madrid, Spain
First. Most of us in Spain appreciate the fact that The Times seems to have printed the word "terrorist" for the first time in many years in reference to ETA. It would sound odd to describe Mohammed Atta as an "idealistic young Muslim trainee pilot". ETA is on the list of the EU's terrorist organisations, along with Al Qaeda. What more is required for The Times to include that dreaded word in its headlines?
Second. If you want your sentence of 3000 years to be reduced to 18 (almost 9 months per broken family), judicial systems tend to appreciate a little remorse in the serial murderer.
Third and last. Hunger strikes tend to work better when the you actually LIKE the guy -- Gandhi, for example -- and not so much when you are the defiant, unrepented murderer of 25 people. De Juana's hunger strike is an issue between him and his stomach. Where are all those liberal "right to die" activists?
Pablo, Madrid, Spain
Dear mr/mrs.:
I dare to talk about your article, even being my english too bad.
- It´s not true that the courts are more conservative than progressive. (Zapatero has been working in this affair last 2 years)
- The gangs that you define like tennagers are delinquents and the human resources providers of ETA. Police had to do their own work.
- ¿Do you think is good enough 4 years in jail for a person who has killed 25 people?
It´s a great truth that spanish people have to learn from the british people how to deal with terrorist and how to win them also talking, but, overall, we want peace based on the justice.
Sorry, but I Think you are wrong again.
Best regards.
LUCAS DE HARO, Madrid, Spain
This is the spanish justice:
One that will attempt against the sexual freedom,
with violence will be punished in charge of sexual
aggression with the prison of one to four years.
A young basque was condemned 16 years of prison by burns it of a bank automatic teller.
Kike, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country