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Turkey is in turmoil as the country prepares to vote this Sunday in abruptly called general elections. Turmoil is not, yet, crisis. No tanks have rolled onto the streets despite the military’s declaration last April that it is “a party to the debate” on changing Turkey’s constitution. Nor have there been mass rallies demanding rule by Islamic law; Kemal Atatürk’s secular vision of Turkey’s postOttoman destiny has put down deep roots. The overwhelming majority of Turks, including devout Muslims, hold that religion belongs in the private sphere, and the governing AKP (Justice and Freedom Party) led by Recep Tayip Erdogan insists that, despite its Islamist leanings, it shares that view.
Thus it would be misleading to see the elections as a confrontation between the powerful military, the guardians of Atatürk’s revolution, and Islamists whose secret agenda is to overturn the separation of politics and religion that, with equal political and expanded legal rights for women, was his most enduring bequest. Yet the sense that this election will profoundly affect Turkey’s identity and define its relations with the Western and Muslim worlds is the campaign’s muffled, all-important and polarising theme.
After winning power in 2002, the AKP made strenuous efforts to reassure Western allies that its Islamist orientation, far from presenting a threat, reconciled Islam with democratic values. Except for Mr Erdogan’s failed attempt in 2004 to criminalise adultery, there was little to alarm, and much to praise, in its reforms. Economically, Turkey has prospered; inflation is sharply down, GDP has more than doubled and foreign investment has poured in. But suspicions about the AKP’s “real” agenda were never allayed.
There is dismay at the growing political weight of a conservative, nationalist, more religious and decidedly less pro-Western elite, dubbed “market fundamentalists” by the liberal intelligentsia. The weakness of the political Opposition has compounded fears of Islamist revivalism. Then, last April, Mr Erdogan overplayed his hand, proposing first himself, and then his Foreign Minister, Abdullah Gul, to succeed the secular Ahmet Necdet Sezer as President. In so doing, the Prime Minister not only flouted the convention that the President be above party politics; in the view of the military and of millions of demonstrators, an AKP presidency would remove the only constitutional safeguard, in Turkey’s unicameral legislative system, against abuse by the AKP of its parliamentary majority. To make matters worse, Mr Gul’s wife wears the headscarf, banned in public offices and universities . Thwarted in parliament by an opposition boycott, the AKP called early elections and, challenging the Establishment, announced changes to enable the President to be elected by popular vote.
The AKP will win, thanks to squabbles among the Opposition and a growing sense that Turkey, cold-shouldered by Europe and neglected by America, has no choice but to follow its West Asian destiny. But respect for the military, still Turkey’s most trusted institution, may deprive it of a two-thirds majority. Whatever the outcome, Mr Erdogan should seek a consensus on the presidency. And Europeans should wake up to the consequences, all unwelcome and some dangerous, of Turkey’s sense of betrayal by those who should be its stalwart friends and allies.
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It is so refreshing to read at last one article which provides an unbiased and a balanced view of Turkey's current struggle against Islamisation. So far the secular and democratic Turks have been shocked and dismayed by the Western press' stance and lack of support for the secular and Kemalist ideals and reforms which are concordant with Western values.
I only wish that this comment is read and understood widely and provide food for thought for those writers who make many ignorant an unjustifiable comments about Turkey and its current struggle against AK Party, especially the sinister Islamisation of the country.
betula nelson, Kent, UK
I rather live in a poor secular Turkey than a rich Islamic Kuwait. The choice is clear: Independence at all costs.
Turkey is Turkey because she has ignored all American, European, Russian, and Arabian pressures on her and went her own way.
Whatever the outcome of this election, we will not turn into an Islamic Republic, nor an American colony in the Middle East, nor a European trick dog, nor a Russian sattelite state.
This may seem a paranoid sattement to some, but try living in Turkey and you will feel all these pulls on you.
Mehmet Kara, Istanbul, Turkey
AKP is a wolf in sheep cloth,trying to fool the Turkish people as well as the Europe by the "reforms" which are actually part of their plan to pacify the armed forces.Recep Tayyip Erdogan in an off-guard moment in the past admitted that democracy is a means for them to reach their ultimate aim-an islamic state in Turkey, similar to Iran and Saudi Arabia.They have been infiltrating into the state apparatus by partisan appointments to the critical positions-people chosen for their religous background rather than merit.They are buying votes of poor people by distributing food packages and bags of coal,and they call it democracy!
The founder of the modern Turkey,K.Ataturk,bequeathed the Republic to Turkish youth who are determined to protect it and keep it as a secular,democratic,social state ruled by law.Those who want to establish a moderate islam state in Turkey as part of their great mid-east project and their collobarators inside Turkey will be disappointed,thanks to Turkish people.
ilhami, Bursa, Turkey
Maybe Mr Erdogan win this election but Turkey will stay seculer and democratic country also Erdogon and his government can not change Turkısh state system. General Staff Yasar Buyukanıt and other top generals are more democrat than Erdogan and his friends they didn't prevent Apdullah Gul's presidency but they hide their wifes headscarfs, our people don't want his and Erdogan's presidency for Republic of Turkey. Because They fighting with Turkey's soul Our people can give vote them for government but President is so different for Turkısh because Turkish President is represent our whole history and our all states in the past but Erdogan and Gul are not respectful to Republic of Turkey so our people against their presidency for Turkey.Also Mr Erdogan and Gul untalented men and they not successful and while theyre talking they use western lunguage but their opinions are cloudly or unclear also Islam Religion is a life field for Erdogan and his friends Erdogan use Islam for his aims but!
Metin YILMAZ, Trabzon, TURKEY
AKP seems to misunderstand that in 2002 election, people voted for AKP to punish all the useless parties and politicians, and it made them collapse. But now, everybody relised that there are greater dangers than economical problems, such as threats to the secular democratic system, and the ethnic division.
CHP (Mustafa Kemal Ataturk's), and the Nationalist Movement Party seem to get the majority of the votes this time, and start to develope new foreign policies throughout the region.
Egemen Afacan, Istanbul, Turkey
Ms Yakin seems to believe what her masters AKP tell her. Yes they built some roads to make traffic problems worse all over. Yes national airline has more planes but arriving everywhere late, service is simply terrible.
Besides I am over in Turkey frequent enough to know what is going on. 25 million of the population is below poverty level. Education system has collapsed. Economy is about to collapse, in fact many synics do prefer AKP to win as economic time bomb is ticking away and will blow in the hands of the next government. Irrespective of who wins, AKP is responsible of the worst 4.5 years in Turkish history
Ali Akademir, Bishop's Stortford, UK
You are absolutely justified in your efforts to support current government because it helps you to turn Turkey into a dependent country on you by selling strategically important enterprises to you with comic prices and giving the highest interest rates in the world for your volatile money going around the world to take highest returns. Reformist? I am sure you are laughing at your own words. But be sure, in spite of your every effort, Turkish people are not stupid and they will not vote to please you, they will vote to "flush down" this arabesque government which aspires to turn Turkey into an Middle Eastern not Western country on contrary to your arguments.
Ozlem, Istanbul, Turkey
I see that Ali Akademir does not live in Turkey and he is not aware of the facts here.During 4.5 years,Turkey has achieved so many tasks that could not be done since the country is founded.
I just want to give a simple example:the double roads km's length are builded that is not accomplished before.The people can get in the planes have increased dramatically.The list can be extended.
The most discussed issue SECULARISM is a mask to hide the class conflict in Turkey.
Zehra Yakin, istanbul, Turkey
AKP government has placed every imaginable pressure and threats on all kinds of opposition during the past 4.5 years. They have used state machinery to promote islamist views, infiltrated religious thought into secular education system, supported Hamas and Al Quaide financiers in privatisation of State enterprizes.
Inflation remains at 10%, GDP has grown only in dollar terms due to waek dollar, unemplyment is at record high at 28%.
For these reasons even though they try and bribe the electorate with open presents funded by the state they shall loose next Sunday and Turkey will start a new road toward true secular democracy.
Ali Akademir, Bishop's Stortford, UK
AKP and Mr. Tayyip Erdogan is a threat to secular Turkish life and world peace.
I believe that they have secret agenda to achive their radical islamic state and
social life. For the last 4 and a half years,
religious training and background became
the first criteria for the assignment of the state officers.
Political muslim style headscarf is their symbol and used
for their political purposes.
I think their main purpose is to create a religion state in Turkey.
levent, izmir, turkey