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Sir, Cardinal Cormac Murphy-O’Connor makes a number of important points and suggestions (“Like sheep into the future”, Jan 21). He does not, however, acknowledge one fundamental point. There are no “experts” in basic medical ethics, for no basis is agreed.
He mentions embryo research, and notes that it raises ethical questions that “go to the heart of what it means to be human”. Yes: the ethical status of embryo research turns on the question “Does the embryo have a soul?” There is no expert to answer this because it is a key matter of dispute between life stances. Roman Catholics hold one view; humanists another. Neither he nor I has authority.
There is, I suggest, no way to resolve the questions of medical ethics other than democratic decision. Neither Roman Catholicism nor humanism, nor any other life stance, can claim the moral high ground. This moral fact should be the basis of the national bioethics commission he calls for. If this is accepted then I would support him.
Dr Harry Stopes-Roe
Vice-President, British Humanist Association
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Stephen, just one small point. I don't want to sound pedantic, but the criminal madman Hitler was not democratically elected. His party did have some election successes, but in 1933 it was actually in a decline. The NSDAP had never won an absolute majority at the polls.
Hitler was handed the position of Kanzler on a plate by short-sighted politicians (who imagined he would soon fail) with the more or less tacit support of unscrupulous big businessmen and much of the academic elite.
He did, admittedly, have popular support, as many hoped he would lead Germany out of the economic misery of the thirties' depression. Which he did. Unfortunately, that was not all he did, but once in power, nobody in Germany could stop him.
alan, germany,
Dr Stopes-Roe makes the bold claim that a lack of agreement on fundamental principles means that there cannot be experts.
Those who can present a normative position persuasively, clearly and with consistency, even when the issues and biology become complex deserve to be called experts. If fundamental disagreement implies that all arguments are equally good (with no legitimate experts), is there any hope for academia?
Furthermore, he is mistaken in thinking that because of these differences, we should give absolute authority to democratic decision making in matters of medical ethics. Hitler was democratically elected, but there was something seriously wrong at the heart of what he thought it meant to be human. This should point us towards the view that moral judgements about his actions and indeed about any law are independent of public opinion, and must rest on an underlying natural law.
Stephen , London, UK,
Udo, to assert "we have taken over the job of God" itself is an assumption that there is a God. As a Humanist I believe this assumption to be wrong, and this goes to the heart of the point being made by the article above. A religious person can assert their is a God and therefore the concept of a Soul, without being able to prove this assertion, and a Humanist can assert that there isn't a God and that there is no concept of a Soul, again, without being to prove this assertion. Therefore we are left with two views, neither of which can be proven in terms that are beyond question, and therefore by definition, neither can claim to be 'right' or to "claim the moral high ground". Your views on havesting embryo body parts may be shared by many, and if it is shared by the majority in society, then the democratic process should be seen to work, whereby society does not support such activities. However, if the majority do not share your view, then democracy should still be seen to be work.
Richard, Portsmouth, UK
We have no need for ethicists any more because we appear to have taken over the job of God. We assume that the embryo has no soul and we assume that its ok to harvest body parts without permission. Most things we do are done on the assumption that someone said it was ok. Makes it easy to blame others doesn't it?
Udo, Melbourne, Australia