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When Germany invaded Poland in 1939 Irena Sendler had no doubt how to respond. “I saw the Polish nation drowning. And those in most difficult position were the Jews. And among them those most vulnerable were the children. So I had to help.”
Sendler, a social care nurse for the Warsaw city council, spent the next four years risking her life in the Warsaw ghetto, delivering essential supplies and, when the true purposes of Nazi policy became apparent, smuggling out as many children as she could.
She saved many hundreds of lives — perhaps as many as 2,500. Even under torture and sentence of death, she refused to reveal the whereabouts of the rescued children to the Nazi occupiers, and after escaping captivity went back to the underground, making sure that those she had hidden survived the war.
She was born in Warsaw in 1910, the only child of Dr Stanislaw Krzyzanowski. The family moved to the nearby town of Otwock, where her father had a reputation as the only doctor who would treat Jewish patients during typhoid epidemics; he himself died of the disease in 1917. Irena, unusually for a Catholic child, was allowed to play with Jewish children and said that her father taught her “that if you see a person drowning, you must jump into the water to save them, whether you can swim or not”.
She married Mieczyslaw Sendler and became a social worker, caring for poor Jewish families in Warsaw. Under German occupation, conditions for the city’s 400,000 Jews deteriorated rapidly, and Sendler, defying Nazi orders, began bringing them supplies. After the Warsaw ghetto was sealed off in 1940, Sendler and some of her colleagues obtained passes from a sympathiser in the city authorities, letting them into the ghetto as sanitation workers.
They carried in food, clothes and medicine — including typhoid vaccinations — sometimes returning several times a day despite the risk to their own health and the horrors they witnessed. Starving children, abandoned corpses and SS officers using skulls for target practice — “I saw all this and a million other things that a human eye should never have to see,” she later said, “and it has stayed with me for every second of every day that God has granted me to live.”
In the summer of 1942 deportations from the ghetto to Treblinka death camp began. Sendler joined Zegota, the Polish organisation set up to help Jews, and began getting children out. “We would go to the ghetto every day and try to get as many children as possible because the situation would worsen every day.”
Smuggling them out was risky, because any Pole caught helping Jews was sentenced to death. Sendler used false documents, hid small children, sedated, in sacks and boxes — even coffins — and sent older ones out through the sewers or basement passageways. One mechanic took a baby out in his toolbox. Others went through a courthouse which had one entrance in the ghetto and another on the “Aryan side”.
But for Sendler, the hardest part was persuading parents to part with their children. Though the parents knew the children would die if they stayed, Sendler could offer no guarantee that they would be any safer if they left. She later described “infernal scenes. Father agreed but mother didn’t. Grandmother cuddled the child most tenderly and, weeping bitterly, said ‘I won’t give away my grandchild at any price’. We sometimes had to leave such unfortunate families without taking their children from them. I went there the next day and often found that everyone had been taken to the Umschlagsplatz railway siding for transport to death camps.”
Once the children were out, Sendler used her network to find them homes in Polish families, orphanages and convents. To help them blend in, the children were taught Christian prayers and given new identities. Sendler kept a careful list of their real identities in the hope that they could at some point be reunited with their families. But in October 1943, alerted by an informer, 11 German officers arrived to arrest Sendler. She had no time to dispose of the list and gave it to a colleague, who hid it in her underwear while the soldiers ripped Sendler’s house apart. Sendler was taken to the notorious Pawiak prison, where she was methodically tortured and beaten, leaving her permanently scarred. She never revealed the names of the children or of her underground colleagues.
Officially, she was executed in early 1944. But in fact, Zegota had bribed a German guard to let her escape from death row.
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I feel humbled reading this story. As I read I know more and more of these courageous people who risked their lives helping others, when evil reigned all around. We must never forget what happened and must celebrate the lives of people like Irene. Beautiful and compassionate.
Adele Baran Leeds
Adel Baran, Leeds, England
Let's Remember that we all have something just like Irena in our hearts and humbly thank her for showing us all how to use it. God Bless
Bill Bray, Key West, USA
It seems that receiving a prize does not necessariy make you the 'winner'. Irena Sendler appears to be above this type of well-meaning, yet perhaps poorly decided, prize. The lives she has saved are the prizes. Nothing is more precious.
Jason Harris, London, UK
Al Gore receiving a Nobel Prize over Irena Sendler is absolutely
ludicrous! Irena was such a humanitarian. What has Al Gore
really done? Also in my opinion there is no "Global Warming"
This in nature taking her course.
S soliwocki, Naugatuck ct, usa
Kudos to Miker Martin's comment. This woman was truly selfless. Her quote to the Polish Parliament speaks volumes "Every child saved with my help is the justification of my existence on this Earth, and not a title to glory".
Mary, Wisconsin, USA
This is why the Nobel Prize nominations are suppose to be an anonymous process. What Ms. Sendler did during the War was an act of outstanding bravery. Her work may have saved up to 2,500 lives. The work the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change did in 2007 may save the world.
Jill, Atlanta, USA
If Gore was any semblance of a man, he would have promptly rejected the Nobel prize and deferred to the more humane and deserving Irena Sendler.
Miker Martin, Killeen, Texas
What an incredible injustice, she deserves two peace prizes,
al gore and his tax creating HOAX deserved to be smuggled into the camps...
b., Petersburg, USA
Irena is truly one of the world's most beautiful people. I have only heard about this amazing woman today. I am touched by her wonderful deeds and I have vowed to share her story to all my friends so that we can all try to make a difference. The world is a better place because of Irena.
Joy Andrada, Melbourne, Australia
What an inspiration Irena is to the entire world and for generations to come. I can't believe the Noble Peace Prize was given to Al Gore over her. This woman has more integrity and goodness in her little finger than Gore has in his entire body.
Patti, USA/UK,
I first read about this woman during the nobel peace prize of 2007 - in which she was nominated, but it went, absurdly to Gore instead. I now send on news about her to friends and family whenever it comes up. She was a wonderful human being, a beacon of humanity and hope. Rest in Peace.
Mia, London, UK
may her soul rest in eternal peace
Peter Winterton, Perth,
God bless her, what an example and inspiration to us all.
Irena is saint of all humanity.
Richard, Cincinnati, USA
may God bless her sweet soul.RIP Irena Sendler
Abdul Salam, London, UK
Homage to this Righteous and Brave Atheist Hero! Except her recent years she lived fargotten by the world. Whole life working hard she did not claim glory to herself. She was embarassed by the nomination to Nobel Peace Prize. Her courageous life should become famous, at least after her death.
Jaroslaw F., New York, USA
The bravery of this woman living in this satanistic Germany will never be equaled. It was a sad time for the entire world. Neither the nations of the world, nor religious entities had the courage or humanity to intervene even though they new what was happening. What a wonderful woman!!
steven, north andover, USA
I'm equally encouraged by the story of this fantastic woman and her deeds as outraged of the handing over of the Nobel Peace Price to Al Gore instead of her...what where they thinking?
KM, Antibes, France
What an amazing woman. Though she was one of the many Poles who disregarded the possible death penalty from the Nazi regime and despite it helped Jews, she is to be particularly admired. A fragile woman who didn't not fear repression from the powerful enemy. R.I.P. and be rightly honored, Irena
Victor, Bristol, England
Just take a look at some of her pictures that were taken when she was over 90. Her smiling face was so young because of that smile. She was a gift to whole humanity. Rest in peace, Mrs. Irena.
Ola, Rzeszow, Poland
We celebrate footballers as heroes, which means, unfortunately, that the word has lost all meaning. This word should be reserved for the special few. Irena Sendler should have been celebrated throughout her life, not at the end of it. What an amazing woman.
Alex C, London,
She was of the stuff that the Christian martyrs are made of. I pray the Church in Poland expends even a fraction of the effort currently (and rightly) going into the cause for the canonisation of John Paul II to ensure that this wonderful woman is also recognised as a saint by the universal Church.
Niall Sullivan, Chester,
If only the world had more people like Irena Sendler today, it would be a much better place. Humble, graceful and humane, what a wonderful lady God blessed this earth with. She chose little of self, profits, fame and riches, instead she gave of her very being to so many. Rest in Peace.
Mark Harris, Swansea, Wales
Less we forget. So many of our elderly generation and their sacrifice and contributions to the lives of others. Rest in Peace
Paul Thomas, Limassol, Cyprus
I am weeping as i read this orbituary about this wonderful lady.
Frank Hartry, Amanzimtoti, South Africa
I went to the former ghetto in Warsaw in 1992 and one can still see the bullet holes in the walls. This lady has a place booked in heaven first class. She should become a saint in the very near future !!!!
A Polish Gladys Ayleward in many respects !!!
Ian Payne, WALSALL,
Wow.
James, Monteria, Colombia