Rosemary Bennett, Social Affairs Correspondent
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The education of young children is being compromised because so few nursery staff are educated beyond secondary school level, a report suggests.
Only 7 per cent of nursery heads, nursery nurses and assistants have post-secondary school qualifications, the report found. The vast majority finished their training having passed GNVQ level 3, a vocational qualification that is equivalent to an A level.
The poorly qualified early-years workforce is in sharp contrast to much of Europe, and elsewhere, where the majority of staff are qualified to degree level, or have three years of intensive training in child development before they start work.
New Zealand is retraining its entire childcare workforce so that they are all of degree standard by 2012.
The skills crisis has come to light only months before the introduction of a new curriculum for all under5s in September, part of a government plan to raise standards in nurseries.
Education experts fear the curriculum will become a box-ticking exercise if staff do not have the skill or confidence to interpret the new rules. The report, which will be published this week by the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR), also identified a gulf between private and voluntary nurseries, which make up about 70 per cent of the sector, and govern-ment-funded nurseries attached to schools.
More than 80 per cent of staff at school-based nurseries are educated beyond secondary school level.
“There has been nothing like the scale of action needed to transform the low-skilled and low-paid childcare workforce,” said Graeme Cooke, co-author of the report. “This is despite all the evidence which shows that a highly skilled workforce is essential in early-years education.”
Research by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) shows that highly qualified childcare workers are the decisive ingredient in getting children to behave well, socialise and start to learn before reaching school.
The Government aims to increase the number of graduates in nurseries and has stipulated that by 2015 each will have a graduate in charge. The IPPR said that this was a partial reading of the OECD research. “There is a limit to what a graduate leader can do with a low-skilled workforce, many of whom are qualified to GNVQ level 2 only, equivalent to a GCSE,” Mr Cooke said.
Purnima Tanuku, the chief executive of the National Day Nurseries Association, said: “Professional development has large costs attached for nurseries in terms of increased salaries, training costs and time away from the nursery, especially at higher levels.
“As salaries already account for 80 per cent of parental fees, investing in this area means that the costs will have to be passed on to parents.”
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I am a "nursery assistant" with 3yrs exp working in childcare and for those 3yrs as acting supervisor when there wasn't one. I have a BSc psychology degree & currently finishing an NVQ 3 just so I'm "qualified". I do not feel I've learnt much to help me in my job from the NVQ compared to my degree!!
Ayshea , London, UK
This is the most sensible and accurate article on this very emotive subject to date. I have two points
1.It is in the economic interests of the government, LA's and private providers to have a lower qualified workforce that they can justify paying low wages to.
2. REAL nursery teachers spend time doing an additional qualification to specialise in early years - in my case an extra year. However this too has been slowly undermined to try to justify the removal of teachers who are quite rightly paid the right rate for the job.
The main concern of current government is how to meet election promises as cheaply as possible, not what is in the best interests of children.
Both teachers and nursery nurses are the victims of the governments need to increase the level of nursery provision at the lowest possible cost. After all we are predominately women "looking after "children and no one really believes that this should be a highly paid profession.
Alba, Glasgow, Scotland
I'm a 20 year old currently in training in a varity of courses including my NVQ Level 2. As I see it you will never get these so called 'higher' qualified people whom abtains degrees until the wage increases. i work for an hourly rate of 4.60 an hour which is minimum wage and unpaid sickness however i love my job. I have 10 gcse's from A-C's and also 2 A-level. Why would anyone with a degree want to get into this kind of job unless they was totally commited on doing so?! when they could actually go and work in their local supermarket and earn alot more?
laura, swindon,
I have worked in nurseries for eight years and must say that staff in private nurseries are specifically trained in childcare for the under fives and are happy to continually update their knowledge. The teachers I meet on training courses all seem to have been forced to go by their heads and are not interested. The graduates I have employed, unless they have been nursery nurses, have all needed extensive on the job training. I think the important thing is to employ people who love the job rather than looking for high pay and long holidays.
Sheila Turnbull, South Shields, Tyne and Wear
I am a childcare education worker who has completed my CACHE diploma in childcare and education level 3. I completly agree with the article. I am a university student studying psychology who in an ideal world would love to continue working in nurserys however in reality i will not go back to work in a nursery until i am given more respect as a key worker in the funtioning of society in which the children will mould when they grow into adults aswell as promoting a llife long love for learning.
When better qualified workers are given salaries that we can live on , and that reflect the hard work and expertise we must exhibit every day without fail come rain or shine ( you cannot hide behind a desk or have an off day with children) I will not return.
I will however go back into childcare on a higher position either as a manager or a psychologist and no doubt deal with the problems caused by a system which isnt prepared to put its hand in its pocket to pay for skilled workers.
katie , london,
Im personally shocked and upset to read this article. There has been so much critisim for nurseries lately and although much of it is bad, where is the positive aspects of early years education. I am currentley training for my foundation degree whilst working full time on very poor money as are the majority of the other 30+ wonderful women on my course. But does that stop us caring for the children as if they were our own? absolutley not! At the majority of good settings unqualified staff are not left unsupervised and not even include in ratios until they are 17. lets start focusing on the positive aspects of early years instead of the negative. Research EPPE for info
Charlotte Leigh, Portsmouth,
I wish to make the point that not all chidcare settings have this problem. I myself have 9 GCSES(5 above C), 3 A levels and NVQ 2 and 3 in childcare and am currently doing my degree in childcare and education. I love my job and do not want to be less hands on once i qualify. I think if you find the staff who are willing to train and have a real love and interest for what they do, you get a team which will give a fantastic level of care. The overall ethos of the nursery is to encourage people like myself to take my career further, find nurseries like this and you will find brilliant care.
Clair Wickens, Gosport,
I run a 50 place nursery for children 2 years to 5 years i know my staff work extremely hard everyday in their roles, they care for the children plan education through purposeful play, and it is play. Our children spend a lot of time in the education system please let high adult ratios remain as it is far better to have 4 caring people looking after and education children than 1 teacher and the care side dropping. Children need support while taking risks and learning through play. Play planned individual for each child to include their interests and child initiated and led play, support ed by staff who have the time to be with them. The cost of childcare would rise dramatically if we were all degree level even with 1 person being degree level who will fund that parents!!! via the fees
In countries abroad please remember that children enter school at the age of 7 years spending more time in kindergarden.
Tracie Voysey, Portsmouth, England
What evidence does the government have that a "graduate" leader in every nursery will improve standards over a suitably experienced and trained childcare specialist. I have experienced well trained NNEBs demonstrating, and providing, far superior and professional childcare than the majority of degree-educated-teachers working with the under fives, whilst only be paid a fraction of the teachers' salaries.
Andrew, Berks, , UK
More fool you if you put your children in one. There has always been an assumption that any idiot can work with children. You get what you pay for and it's worth thinking about when you consider these places as a full time option. I'm of the opinion that if you love your children you wouldn't put them in a nursery full time.
judy, Liverpool, England
The former NNEB qualification for Nursery Practitioners provided in immeasurably higher standard and breadth of education and training for Nursery work than does the present NVQ. This to the extent that professionals once recognised (and to a limited extent still do) that experienced NNEB qualified staff were more skilled in Nursery work than are qualified Teachers.
The substitution of a defensive Council for Awards in Children's Care for the former NNEB masks the dilution of skills in the field. This quite apart from the tendency for Colleges to pass 100% of students on the NVQ qualification, for it is in their interests to do so. Standards of practice and of professionalism have been substantially reduced. At the cost of the welfare and develoment of the infant children of this land.
The wider dilution of standards in Vocational Qualificatons (and, for that matter, in many "Degrees") has a cumulative impact. I think it was once referred to as "Dumbing Down".
David Rose, Colne,
If the general standard of education is much lower than is was 20 to 25 years ago so that in many trades and professions the general standard is similarl reduced. This, coupled with general standards of social disciplines, has lead to a lowering of standards of all walks of life. It is little wonder, therefore, that nursery care assistants are poorly qualified.
One must also look at the salary scales for these assistants who are probably litle more than he minimum wage and whilst we are about it we should look at the ages, qualifications and salaries of care assistants. There will be little suprise, I suggest, here either, but these assistants feel as though they have the prestige of doing a professional job, but without the professional skills and qualifications - and salaries as the school and care home owners know.
Rodney Barker, Lincolnshire, U.K.
It is a similar situation in private residential childcare.
The staff are either over-qualified, and they do not stay in the field, and quickley move on to positions which do not require hands-on care of the kids, or they are do not possess the personality and the life skills to be able mentors, which no amount of training can supply.
A large proportion of prospective staff's time is taken up with 6 weeks intensive induction to the regulations and proceedures. During this time, a substantial portion of these candiates will not complete the 6 weeks, and a large proportion of those who do, seldom remain longer than a year.
This makes the long term prospects of consitstant care for young people difficult to maintain and the stablity of the work force is constantly undermined.
Training and retraining is expensive and this can lead to poor pay and excesive demands being placed on the work force, which again is another reason for high staff turn over.
The problem is cyclic in nature.
Pablo, Newtown, UK