Nicola Woolcock
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Teenagers will be allowed to boost their grades by resitting sections of their GCSEs, under reforms designed to make the exam less stressful. Critics said that this would make the qualification easier to pass, while pupils’ true abilities would be harder to assess.
Students could take modular GCSEs broken down into units spread across the two-year course, rather than just sitting exams at the end. They would be able to resit each unit, and take 60 per cent of the qualification before the end of the course.
The reforms seem to mirror that of the A level. It became modular in 2000 and pass marks soared two years later when the first exams were taken. This led to accusations that it had become easier to pass — and to achieve a high mark — because students could retake modules if they were unhappy with their grade.
The “flexible” GCSE in 43 subjects was proposed yesterday by the OCR (Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations) awarding body and will be introduced next year, if approved this summer. But there are concerns that schools could choose this over the usual option, as pupils would probably do better, giving the school a higher place in league tables.
Professor Alan Smithers, an education expert from the University of Buckingham, said: “The pressure on schools to maximise results will lead many of them to take advantage of these new arrangements. The downside is that assessment becomes dominant throughout the course, rather than towards the end of it. The opportunity for resits means the exams will distinguish less well between candidates and may give them an unrealistic picture of how they are likely to do at A level.
“It will take self-confident schools to stand out against these arrangements and go for linear assessments because research shows that modular courses tend to lead to at least half a grade higher in outcomes. One gets appreciably higher grades with modular courses for the same level of ability.”
OCR said that exam stress for pupils, which has become a key concern for teachers and children’s campaigners, could be reduced through a modular system. The reforms are backed by the exams regulator, the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority.
In the first year of results under the modular A-level system in 2002 the pass rate jumped from 89.8 per cent to 94.3 per cent, with a similar rise in the proportion of A grades.
Parool Patel, head of GCSE project at OCR, said: “Flexible assessment is an improvement in the GCSE qualification, which is designed to offer teachers the opportunity to implement assessment processes that best suit the needs of their own students.”
He added that coursework was being replaced with “controlled assessment”, in which teachers supervise pupils’ projects at school. This was in response to fears over internet plagiarism.
But Nick Gibb, the Shadow Schools Minister, said: “Making GCSE students take more exams and allowing them resits is not going to help prepare them properly for further studying or getting a job. Thanks to the huge increase in resits at A level, the Government’s schools are already spending more money on exam fees than they are on books.”
OCR estimates that more than 5,100 schools will start teaching the redeveloped GCSEs to about 625,000 pupils from September next year. A spokesman said: “Pupils’ exam stress may be reduced through this new approach as assessments could be spread out over a period of time and not concentrated into one assessment at the end of two years.”
It will offer three new subjects this year — citizenship, law, and ancient history. The PE syllabus will reflect a changing taste in sports by offering ice-skating, surfing, snowboarding, karate or taekwondo.
The spokesman said: “We want to reflect the growing popularity of non-traditional sports in our revised PE qualifications. We feel it is important to offer a wide choice to reflect modern interests and personal strengths.”
Teenagers taking the GCSE in citizenship will learn about individual rights, the democratic process, community development, the economy, justice, welfare systems and how to act responsibly as a “global citizen”.
Marking time
— GCSE coursework was introduced in the 1980s and reached its peak in the early 1990s, when some exams such as English were 100 per cent coursework. Exam boards began scaling back such coursework after reports that pupils were submitting work that had been completed by their parents or teachers
— A levels became modular in 2000. Two years later, the results from these exams reached a record high
— Degrees started to become modular in the late 1980s and most are now assessed that way. This may be a factor in the rising number of first-class degrees attained
— Standard assessment tasks (SATs) have attracted controversy after it emerged that teachers were coaching their students to pass the tests rather than teaching a broad curriculum
Source: Times database
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I am a teacher in a secondary school and am horrified that children just want "the easy life". They avoid more challenging subjects, in favour of subjects that can give them an easy pass. I admit that there are so many tests for them these days but I believe this is having an adverse effect. As SATS are generally only used to allow the government to obtain statistics the students don't benefit. Tests are so commonplace that many no-longer care about them. Why do they all have to be academic, anyway?
As for stress - how did we ever survive? How does anyone in the world of work cope with the day to day stresses of everyday life. We are preparing a generation of pampered teenagers who expect success to be handed to them on a plate, with no effort required on their behalf. In work they expect to start on £30K but can't handle the pace. Employers are frustrated.
Bring back vocational training. Grades should reflect ability and schools should not be punished for C grades!.
Simone, Bedford, Beds
The conservative where the first to bring in league tables and the rollicking you get if your school does not improve. Hoever, they now feel that giving students a second chance is unfair. It appears to me that we are in a no win situation. If we dont help student improve in poorer areas we are failing, but if we allow then to have a second chance it is cheating. May be we should follow Finland as the best results in europe. No exams, no league tables and no inspections!
Rachel, Plymouth, Devon
We just get lower and lower in the ranks of educated Countries. The smoke and mirrors of Labour cannot disguise any longer that the people churning out of our schooling establishments cannot spell or write properly. Less stress is the most pitiful excuse so far that I have heard. Welcome to the most cosseted and useless generation known to man.
Roger, Surrey.,
I am delighted to read about the Labour government's plan to allow for GSCE resits. I am furious to read that the shadow schools minister is against it. GCSE and A-level examinations are the most stressful times of a persons life. Allowing modular resits would be a great relief to this stress. The comments made by the shadow schools minister Nick Gebb about GCSE and A-level resits show how out of touch the Tories are about issues that affect ordinary people.
The Tories have clearly not changed. In 2004 the then shadow education secretary Tim Collins wanted to end A-level resits. When Nick Gibb said that "resits are not going to help them properly for further studying or getting a job", he was talking utter rubbish. GSCEs are a one-off lifetime opportunity, whereas job promotions and so on can be aquired at any stage in a person's working career. Allowing pupils to resit GCSE modules will help them improve their academic and vocational skills.
Wayland, London, UK
What a joke! There are far too many mickey mouse courses that teenagers can take nowadays. As a University student I'm continuously surrounded by pretencious know-it-alls who boast about their 5 A's. Ask them which subjects they took and you hear all the usual rubbish, "dance, social skills, fashion" etc etc. No wonder half of them can't write an essay or spell.
Gillian Murray, Dundee,
The Government introduced the 'Aim Higher' campaign to schools a number of years ago and ever since they have simply lowered the bar, there really is no need to aim higher what with abolishing the compulsory language and all of these mickey mouse GCSEs they're replacing them with.
John, London, UK
I am in year 9 and will soon be taking my SATS, and then my GCSEs. I feel that this whole idea of taking modular tests etc. is a load of rubbish, as the people who are willing to try as hard as they can and will do the work should get high marks in their exama anyway. Those who are going to doss around and waste everybody else's time aren't going suddenly become geniuses because they've taken a test so many times that they know the questions off by heart! As someone who might be influenced by these absurd plans, I feel that people should think again before changing the way things run - the current structures work well enough, don't they? It's just a fix by the government and schools to make British students appear smarter - but it won't be us who's laughing when 70% of university graduates write down 2+2=5
Holly, Uttoxeter, England
Why don't they hand these things out for turning up and get it over and done with?
judy, Liverpool, England
Why dont we simply give every kid leaving school 10 A grade GCSE's? That way, all kids are 'equal', there are no high flyers, and the stupid ones dont need to feel bad, oh, and parents can pretty much send their kid to any school, as they will come away with 10 A grades, thus it will solve the whole league table culture. While we're at it, we may aswell give 4 A grade A levels to anyone who's 18 or above, and maybe a degree or two (first ofcourse), and even a Phd for those who want one? That way, we're all equal, and no-one needs to feel stupid.
Arthur, Newcastle,
The GCSE exam separates out to 50% who go on to A levels and university from the 50% who will take vocational courses.
There is enormous pressure on children to be within the top 50%, and allowing two attempts at the exam will do nothing to reduce it. All it will mean is that pupils who are already marginal sit more exams, taking time away from new work, and pushing them further behind, whilst the top 50% still get those coveted university places.
Malcolm McLean, Bradford, UK
This is already the case.
http://www.ocr.org.uk/Data/publications/key_documents/GCSE_TFC_Science_A_Specification.pdf
Page 69 Grading
"In modular schemes candidates can take units across several different sessions. They can also
re-sit units or choose from optional units available."
Eddie, Cheshunt, Herts
The current GCSE system already greatly overstates students' ability: the shift towards modular GCSEs will make the situation far worse. I teach students at a sixth form college, and we know that having 5 grade Cs proves absolutely nothing.
The real problem is that schools are under such pressure to get a prescribed percentage of students through with 5+ grade Cs tha they resort to any tactic that will allow them to achieve this. The nett result is that we receive students who know next to nothing, and expect to do almost nothing for themselves; they tell us that at their previous schools their teachers did all the dfficult bits for them (teachers, you note, not their parents), or told them what to write, and they frequently become angry when we refuse to do the same.
This is the government's idea of schools having improved massively over the past ten years! Well, possibly - but wouldn't it be cheaper just to give out the certificates when the child's birth is registered?
Jill, Southampton, UK
All these things are driven by self-interest:
⢠QCA and the Government want ever-improving 'results'
⢠Exam boards want turnover and profits
⢠Schools want league table points
⢠Pupils want easy exams.
What's the problem?
(Apart from the fact that in the real world, the country will sink further and further down the world economic league tables)
MarkS, Leeds,
Some people seem to confuse the objectives of education and of examination. The objective of the former is to provide people with knowledge and skills; the objective of the latter to try and see how successful that process has been.
To those who argue that modular examinations are a good thing and that no one can object to their use, one could point out that, taken to their logical conclusion, we will arrive at a situation where, for example, students will simply be told that the battle of Hastings took place in 1066, then, immediately afterwards, tested to see if they can write down the date -- possibly, even using a sentence. Sadly, standards are now so low that many will fail.
Lee, London,
Simply inform school children that the good universities look not only at their marks, but also at whether any resits have been taken. If a paper has been sat more than once, the mark is considered less valuable. That should deter the high achievers and cause them, at least, to understand that you only get one chance in life and must learn to live with (indeed take responsibility for) your own mistakes.
John Scott, London,
I asked a GCSE student recently to say 'my name is xxxx, I live in London and I am 17 years old' in French. They couldn't. They had got an 'A' grade in French the year earlier. They could tell me all sorts of things about France, its capital city and who the president was. They just couldn't speak it. Another couldn't count to 20, and one couldn't even remember immediately what 'thankyou' was !!!! Educational standards have failed to understand what employers and the outside world want. We want employees that can, in the case of french, COMMUNICATE with french speaking people. This introspective nonsense is making us the laughing stock of Europe. When I meet French or German students of the same age as the English (I do not count Scots or Welsh in this demise) they are so much more articulate and CAPABLE. Wake up England, we are creating the 'Dumbed Down' nation.
David L, Brussels,
Many areas of life are stressful and competitive and children need to learn these valuable lessons. Has one single change to the GCSE over the last 20 years made them harder? Pass rates continue to climb, grades and expectations are inflated, but the quality continues to sink. In my line of work I regularly deal with the new graduate intake, and over the last 20 years their declining ability has been noticeable. Many are unable to write clearly and struggle with basic maths. The implications of this for the competitiveness of the UK are severe and already becoming evident.
David , London , England
Is it "reducing" exam stress to have students sitting public examinations for the last five years of their school lives (starting with KS3, then modular GCSEs for two years, AS and A2)?
ACS, Bristol,
Exams separate the educationally gifted from those who are not. therefore the educationally gifted can be taken further and those who are not can be shown other ways to make a living. The fact that PC nonsense is trying to tell us that everyone is equal when they are blatantly and historically different (our differences make us who we are). I will never be a great electrician or plumber, I know that, I accept that. People should accept that some people aren't good at school. Soon everyone will have a degree, but most will have degrees from universities that are 2nd string and will wind up wasting 3-6 years of their lives (2 at school after 16 then 3-4 more) getting a degree that allows them to work in a bar or in McDonald's. Those who are seen to be educational should be taken further. Those who are not should not stay in school, they should get an apprenticeship or be shown other things like farming, building, the army or fishing.
ITS COMMON SENSE PEOPLE! COME ON!
Graeme, Edinburgh,
If education's aim is to not just simply mass test a mass audience at an arbitary time but to provide intellectual growth and development surely this method will increase knowledge achieved by pupils over time, even if it means re-sitting modules. Who could argue that this is not beneficial to a society?
Paul, Wales,
This modular-GCSE has been going on since 2003 ????
Whats the news?
John Trent, Nottingham, UK
1) If Nicola Worlock thinks this indeed is news, she should try reading articles written by other journalists on the Times. A couple of clicks would take her to an article written by Alexanrda Frean on 21 December 2007, featured prominently on the online Education pages of this site:
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/education/article3081259.ece
2) there is no such thing as "Standard Assessment Tasks".
Kevin Newbury, London,