Nigel Hawkes, Health Editor
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Four new drugs to treat advanced kidney cancer have been rejected as too expensive for use by the NHS.
Although they can extend life by up to six months, they cost too much, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) says.
It has concluded that the money would be better spent elsewhere in the NHS, where it would do more good. The decision to issue draft guidance rejecting Sutent (sunitinib), Avastin (bevacizumab), Nexavar (sorafenib) and Torisel (temsirolimus) has outraged charities, kidney specialists and campaigners. It leaves patients with only one treatment option, interferon, to which many do not respond.
John Wagstaff, an honorary consultant in medical oncology at the South Wales Cancer Institute in Swansea and director of the Wales Cancer Trials Network, said there was “no point” in him accepting referrals for people with advanced kidney cancer because about 75 per cent of them “do not gain any real benefit” from interferon. The only other option, he said, was to make patients comfortable in their last months. Cancer Research UK expressed “deep concern” over the draft guidance. Professor Peter Johnson, its chief clinician, said: “These drugs have shown a small but definite improvement in an illness where there are few alternative treatments. This decision once again raises questions about whether NICE’s system of appraisal is appropriate for all types of drugs.
“Although we understand that NICE often has to make difficult decisions, in this case there is a clear separation between what NICE finds to be valuable treatment, and clinical and patient opinion. Action is needed to bring these two positions closer together.”
James Whale, the broadcaster, who lost a kidney to cancer in 2000, said that the guidance would “mean an early death sentence for many” if it were not revised.
The draft guidance issued today says that the drugs are not cost-effective for patients with advanced kidney cancer, or kidney cancer that has spread to other organs. Some patients are already being treated with the medicines and they should be allowed to continue to have them until they and their doctors consider it appropriate to stop, NICE says.
Up to 7,000 people in Britain develop kidney cancer every year. Of these, about 1,700 will have advanced kidney cancer and at any one time about 3,600 people are living with the advanced form of the disease.
Professor Peter Littlejohns, the clinical and public health director of NICE, said: “The decisions NICE has to make are some of the hardest in public life. NHS resources are not limitless and NICE has to decide what treatments represent best value to the patient as well as the NHS.
“Although these treatments are clinically effective, regrettably the cost to the NHS is such that they are not a cost-effective use of NHS resources. [They] have the potential to extend progression-free survival by five to six months, but at a cost of £20,000 to £35,000 per patient per year.
“If these treatments were provided on the NHS, other patients would lose out on treatments that are both clinically and cost-effective.”
Professor Wagstaff said: “The possibility that we may be prevented from offering Sutent to our patients is an outrage and a devastating blow to the kidney cancer community. This will mean that the UK will have the poorest survival figures for metastatic renal cell cancer in Europe.
“Sutent produces a remarkable effect on survival for patients. It is now no longer ethical or reasonable for patients to have access to treatment only with interferon.”
Appeals against the draft guidance can be made until August 29. NICE will consider them at a meeting on September 10 before issuing final guidance. The Scottish equivalent of NICE, the Scottish Medicines Consortium, has also rejected Sutent for NHS prescription.
Budget for survival
- NICE sets a threshold of £30,000 per year of good-quality life (QALY) gained when it considers drugs for NHS use. Drugs that cost more than this are not normally approved
- According to Pfizer, which makes Sutent, its cost per QALY gained is within the threshold, at £28,546. But NICE’s calculations put the cost at £48,052
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It must be a great comfort to NHS cancer patients that their lives are valued at less than a third of a GP's annual salary.
Sarah, Carcassonne, France
A NICE PRESCRIPTION!!
Take no pills until you die.
Do not take for a year as this could damage the NHS.
Signed: A Niceman
NB - If inneffective costs are self limiting. Lets hope your unsympathetic respondents are happy when they receive their NICE prescription!
D Brock, Edinburgh, Scotland
What is the point having cancer research, if when drugs are found that can cure cancer, or at least give remission, they are too expensive to be used?
Hazel Dennis, Rawtenstall, England
Evaluation of affordability should be made in paralel with effectiveness and safety by the Medicine Control Agency. It is ridiculous that new medicines should be delayed by 2-3 years at considerable expense. NICE should be abolished
£30000 buys longer lasting results spent on hip replacements
anthony byrne, Camberley,
"the NHS cannot provide immortality and we all die of something sooner or later"
Phil, I do admire your principles and hope you get a chance to put them into practice yourself, without too much delay. Brave man!
helena, London,
does anyone at all believe that NICE is independent of the Treasury or government generally? - I certainly don't
peter c, devizes, wessex
Even if you doubled the NHS Drug Budget tomorrow we would still end up having this debate over drugs only at a higher limit. Medical Insurance Companies won't pay for these drugs either. We simply have to face the fact the NHS cannot provide immortality and we all die of something sooner or later...
Phil, Lancaster, England
Is it not remarkable that NICE can support feeding drugs (statins) to millions of people costing £billions when 99% will not benefit (Prof Boyle) all on the grounds of "Risk Assessment"(aka diagnosis?) when the assessment is only 1% correct? Meanwhile they ignore the adverse reactions.
M. Cawdery, Portadown, Co. UK, EU (now)
Two questions: 1. how much money has the NHS wasted in the last few years on IT projects like 'choose and book' etc? Not to mention on management consultants? 2. Who decided this was more 'cost effective' than giving cancer patients the hope of a few more months with their families?
Saph, London,
I would love to know how much NICE costs the taxpayer each year - I'd like to think it was a small organisation with no-index linked pensions and the minimum statutory leave and sick pay/leave arrangements for staff, and, of course, no private health care scheme. Am I right?
Sarah, Carcassonne, France
Those of us involced in the less emotive areas of care of the elderly, people with mental health problems would welcome this money for longer lasting benefits, hip operations, nursing care, psychotherapists etc.
anthony byrne, Camberley,
This is an absolute disgrace - these drugs are clearly very effective and important therapies. The whole basis for the NHS needs reappraised to meet todays world but Labour is far to busy trying to bail out over exuberence in the UK's housing market (amongst other things) instead of focusing on NHS
S Smyth, Edinburgh,
My father was fortunate to have been on the clinical trial for the use of Sutent for his advanced kidney cancer. It did not work for him but it did prolong his life for nearly a year. Has anyone asked the pharms why the high costs?surely the costs can be amortised across all their other products?
taryn, kuala lumpur, malaysia
We can find the £40k a year to keep a criminal in a hotel, whoops i mean gaol.I think the time has come for the population to be credited with a points system for National insurance contributions,if you have a maximum credit then you get whatever you need.Spend it where it has been paid in,
Kenneth O'Boyle, Perth, UK
If you are going to withold due to cost because 'the money would be better spent elsewhere' then please extend that to stopping the other stupid use of funds:
Fertility treatment (with a 10% chance of success)
Elective plastic sugery (except disfigurement repair)
Bed blocking
Treating foreigners
David, Hemel Hempstead, UK
The price of some cancer drugs is high for two principal reasons. Firstly, the cost of years spent in development. And secondly, those costs can only be amortised across a very small patient pool. Things are easier when developing drugs for a very common condition.
Chris Palmer, Southampton,
My husband did not respond to Interferon but has been on Sutent for 32 months and is still doing well. His side effects have been well within the realm of quality of life. We are very thankful for the prolonging of his life to almost three years and we hope counting.
Karen Ross, Fredericton, Canada
Why is there never any discussion about the price charged by the company for the drug? If the NHS is the one main potential buyer of the of these drugs in the UK then surely there is a responsibility to negotiate for the lowest possible price.
Steve Jan, Sydney, Australia
There is only a limited amount of money available and it needs give the best value of life for the whole population. £30000 on a single person is still a huge amount of money. Maybe if they bring in co-pay it would let people find the difference between 30K and the cost, in this case 18k.
Ian, Tokyo, Japan
My Father has been on the drug Sutent and it has extended his life far more than the suggested six months in this article, it's more like three years.What value can you put on life when the NHS spends billions treating drunks every weekend and recieves not a penny from the drinks companies and pubs
John, Leeds, Yorkshire
Go and ask Northern Rock for the money.
J Palmer, Reading,