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More babies are being born with Down’s syndrome as parents feel increasingly that society is a more welcoming place for children with the condition.
Widespread screening was introduced in 1989, and led to a steady fall in new instances of Down’s syndrome. From 717 babies born with Down’s that year, the total decreased each year, to 594 in 2000.
During the next six years the birth rate for children with Down’s rose by 15 per cent, reaching 749 in 2006, the most recent year for which figures are available from the National Down Syndrome Cytogenetic Register.
A greater number of older mothers is likely to explain much of the increase, but other parents also appear to be more willing to bring up a Down’s child.
Most women who received a prenatal diagnosis of the syndrome chose an abortion, but many are now deciding to give birth. Religious beliefs or strong opposition to abortion account for about a third of such decisions, a survey of Down’s Syndrome Association members has found.
About the same number of parents went ahead because they felt that the life chances of Down’s children were better than before, and attitudes towards them had improved. Life expectancy for people with Down’s has risen to about 60. Children have been integrated widely into mainstream schools, and many adults are now in work.
A quarter of respondents said that they had been swayed because they knew people with Down’s or other disabilities. Most also said that they could count on family and friends for support.
The findings will be broadcast tonight in a BBC Radio 4 documentary, Born with Down’s Syndrome.
Carol Boys, chief executive of the association, had not expected the rise in Down’s syndrome births. “It seems to show that more parents are thinking more carefully before opting for prenatal screening and termination – that being born with Down’s syndrome is being seen in a different light today,” she says on the programme.
“When I and others had our babies it was a very different world . . . Now there is much greater inclusion and acceptance, with mainstream education having a huge role. We think this plays a part in the decisions parents make – there’s even been a baby with Down’s syndrome on EastEnders.”
Down’s is an incurable genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome, which occurs at conception. Screening for it is routine. A blood test or ultrasound scan will suggest how likely it is that the child will be born with Down’s. In cases where there is thought to be a high risk, women can then be tested by amniocentesis, a more invasive, fluid sampling, where a needle is inserted into the womb, usually between weeks 15 and 20 of pregnancy. Terminations can occur at up to 24 weeks.
Some mothers decide not to be tested. About 40 per cent of diagnoses are made after birth. These account for most new cases. Many diagnoses during pregnancy end in termination.
People with Down’s have learning disabilities of varying severity and the condition often produces distinctive physical characteristics, including a “flat” face and slanting eyes. Half of people with the condition are born with heart problems, and it is also associated with disorders of the hearing and sight.
A rogue chromosome
— Down’s syndrome is a genetic condition that causes delays in physical and intellectual development
— Individuals with Down’s syndrome have 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46, carrying three copies of chromosome 21 rather than two. Affecting approximately 1 in every 600 live births, it is the most frequently occurring chromosomal disorder in the UK
— The condition is caused by an error in cell division called nondisjunction. This happens at conception and is not related to the behaviour of the mother during pregnancy
— Age is relevant – a woman at the age of 30 has a 1 in 900 chance of giving birth to a Down’s syndrome child, at age 35 it is 1 in 350 and by 45 it is 1 chance in 30
— Diagnosis soon after birth is based on physical attributes that include low muscle tone, a single crease across the palm, slightly flattened facial features and an upward slant to the eyes
— Many children with Down’s syndrome experience health complications, almost half suffering from congenital heart defects among other serious illnesses
Sources : Down’s Syndrome Association, Times Archive
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Is it proof of a more caring society? The difference in numbers is small and as the article says older mothers are a big factor. If an older mother decides to have an abortion, she faces the fact that she may not easily conceive again & another pregnancy may be another DS child. 92% still abort.
Diana, Derby, uk
Freedom of speech entitles people to have their say whether we like what they have to say or not I suppose. However, having a daughter with Down Syndrome, I find the negative comments hurtful.
Kath, London,
My son celebrated his 20th birthday today, is in his first year in a special needs college where he recently became the college darts champion. prior to going to college he produced a CD of 22 various tunes for charity by playing the piano. He very is independant and full of life.
Gwyndaf Tomos, Crymych, Pembrockshire
More disabled children is not 'good news'. A higher burden on the family or state w.r.t healthcare and education provision is not 'good news'.
Some days I think we like to 'out-do the Jones' in the neediness of our offspring... crazy.
Alex McGregor, Plymouth, UK
Some of these comments are horribly hard hearted, and show a failure of love and imagination. Any discrimination against the "disabled" is to be abhorred, surely?? Wouldn't the positive, loving solution be for us all to make the lives of the "disabled" as happy and supported as possible?
Donna G, Auckland, New Zealand
The bible says that Jesus said 'Suffer Little Children Unto Me' He did not say 'excluding the following'.. etc
All children deserve the right to love and care whether by families, local authorities, schools, neighbours or passers-by and society must ensure that ALL children are lovingly protected
mick reilly, Doncaster, England
My middle son is 9 years old and has DS, he's just one of my boys and our life's great fun. Society's still some way to go though and I meet the occasional pocket of ignorance, worryingly from professionals, and have huge difficulty accessing the support we're supposed to get.
Annabel T, Bristol,
Life with any child can be an enormous challenge. Nobody can tell you at birth what your child will turn into: a doctor, a lawyer, a drug addict, a lazy layabout. There are no guarantees in life and choosing not to have a child with Down's does not guarantee the perfect child or adult in future.
Katharina, Monmouth,
Learning disability is the last taboo, now that it is unpc to discriminate on grounds of race or colour, beliefs or physical disability, intelligence is the final hurdle.We need to reassess our notions of intelligence and using it to measure the 'worth' of a person in society.
Fiona Bedfordshire, Beds, UK
The Down's Syndrome Research Foundation has distributed 27,000 FREE copies of Bright Beginnings to all the hospitals in the UK. This wonderful booklet is filled with pictures, positive stories & important health information. See it online at: http://www.dsrf.co.uk/BB-2006/BrightBeginnings_3.pdf
Peter Elliott, High Wycombe, UK
I can take or leave the line 'caring' line - abortion is a personal decision for parents and I can't blame those who opt out of bringing up a child with Down's.
A factor not mentioned is that older mum's may not terminate a Down's pregnancy out of fear they won't conceive again.
Bob, Footscray, Australia
I have a son with Down's..He's 9 years old and he is the life and soul of the house...He is quite healthy with no signs of heart trouble....I could not imagine our life without him.we did not know he was Down's I was 29 years old when I had him..Of course I worry for the future!!
nic, bristol,
Most children I have met with Down's actually have quite a good quality of life and there are plenty of people who cost the NHS/ Tax payer a lot of money yet we don't cull them. If someone feels they can cope why shouldn't they have a disabled child and there is still the option to have an abortion
J, London,
People turning down abortions ? Gosh, what will all the feminist thugs,eugenics and euthanasia advocates in politics think of that ? Thank goodness for individuals.
Mark B, York, UK
I have a down syndrome teenager who is very content in her body, and who leads a fulfilling life. She's just as hard work as my 'normal' child (less so in some ways) and is much less troublesome at school than many of the low ability 'normal' students. Let's celebrate a diverse population, not moan
Kim, Cheshire, UK
I am totally dumbfounded by the negative comments some people have made here. In fact they make me sick in my stomach. All children are different, DS or not. My 5 year old daughter brings immense joy to all who know her, including her two big brothers. We are thankful that we have her.
Sarah Harris, Coventry, UK
And what will happen to the poor child in a competitive world when mum/dad can no longer care for it?
Babies grow up to be children. Children grow up to be adults. Life is hard enough for a "normal" person.
Jones, London,
i have a cousin with downs and my auntie and uncle live with the constant fear of what happens when they are gone. i really dont think it is fair to bring children like this into the world.
bob, wirral,
Pippa Notts "Some good news ." A friend was driven to near suicide by the strain of caring for her adult downs child. How can you say this is, 'good news.' Pre-natal tests are there for a reason,so that a woman can decide if she can cope with a disabled child. Be rational and leave God out. of it
karen, tonbridge,
It may be nice that we are more caring but how much are these kids costing us in special education needs?
The argance of some parents, I want a chiled and I dont care if its handycapped or not, I dotn care wether it has a poor quality of life, I just want a child.
MR Jones, Liverpool, England
The 1st thing a parent should ask themselves is would
i myself want to live in a down.s syndrome body ??.
With local authorities closing day centres and trying to put
the duty of care onto other bodies things are going to become
very different.
stephen, Blackpool, England
The "Greatest Joy" is having a "Child", like the "Old Marriage Vow's", for "Better or for Worse". From a "Grandad" who "So far has been "Fortunate? And is "Enjoying his "Grandchild "Plus Tantrum's", Enormously!!!!!
Paul, Manchester, UK
Some good news for a change. I don't think it should be automatic that a mother to be is offered screening for downs at all. Thank goodness there isn't a test for autism or the possiblity of a low IQ, they would be offering terminations for those conditions too.
Pippa, Notts, UK