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Genetic tests that can detect a raised risk of breast, ovarian and prostate cancer are being offered for the first time to people without family histories of the diseases, The Times has learnt.
The programme, run by University College London (UCL), paves the way for a new approach to preventive medicine involving widespread screening. It will also prompt greater demand for screening of embryos by parents who carry a defective gene and want to avoid passing it to their children.
News of the programme came as Paul Serhal, medical director at University College Hospital’s Assisted Conception Unit, announced the birth of one of the world’s first babies selected to be free of a genetic risk of breast cancer. The girl was born after embryos were screened to exclude the faulty BRCA1 gene. All the father’s female relatives had developed breast cancer caused by BRCA1. The gene gives a woman an 80 per cent chance of developing breast cancer in her lifetime and raises the risk of ovarian and prostate cancer.
The two developments show the speed with which advances in genetic screening are having an impact on patient care. Genetic tests can now identify people with heightened risks of chronic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes and even high cholesterol.
Embryo screening, which is licensed for certain serious conditions, such as Huntington’s disease and cystic fibrosis, continues to attract controversy, with claims that it is paving the way for the creation of “designer babies”. However, doctors’ leaders argue that a technique that can prevent a child from developing a life-threatening illness should not be restricted.
The UCL screening programme is focusing on the London community of Ashkenazi Jews, who have a high risk of inheriting BRCA1 and BRCA2. The NHS offers BRCA testing, but only for women whose relatives have had cancer because of the mutations. Up to 50 per cent of people with the faulty genes do not have a family history of the diseases, largely because the gene can be carried by men.
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Those arguements about Gattaca and health insurance makes the case even more for that Great British instution the NHS.
This is a medical breakthrough that can but help further western scientific understanding.
To me thats win win.
Dan Gill, Manchester,
well I suppose its just another way to complete the governments DNA data base on the population. !!!
Hugh E Torrance, London, England
It will all go on our ID cards.....
Then into our chip implants....
Sold to all and sundry by the government.
We are Watching YOU Citizen..
Rick, Newcastle, UK
really scary eugenics theme going on here. glad ive been born already.
neil, london, england
It's a wonderful, wonderful breakthrough, and let's not knock it.
Having lost my husband to prostate cancer at a young age I want both our sons to have such a test.
Lyn Howard, Machynlleth, United Kingdom
Science v nature? Perhaps the question should rather be: How best can science serve nature; that is, serve people. Defence against illness is a positive goal; but not at any cost. Not at the cost of destroying human life at its most vulnerable.
Iain Matthew, London ,
To have some idea of genetic inheritance for someone who would have no knowledge of parentage is I believe a great step forward. Adoptees, Parentless for whatever reason, war, dissplacement, genocide could recieve an outline for a healthy preventive lifestyle so much taken for granted by most.
M, Vauxhall,
Well think about babies that wont be born because someone screens against a likely hood of diabetes or breast cancer.
On one hand its a great step in medicine. Why cure cancer or diabetes when you can screen it out. But all those minds and personalities that would never be born?
Anthony Stewart, Chicago, USA
I believe that the decision whether or not to use such a service is not disimilar to the decisions regarding abortion and suicide, ie: between the patient / their partner or parents and the family GP and absolutely no one else.
Religious beliefs and preferences of others are irrelevent.
Ken.H, Harrow,
Dont believe it. How could they possibly have identified the gene that causes breast cancer. These splurges of the paranoia are pernicious.
Henry Percy, London, UK
I second the previous comment by A. van Oosterhout. If insurance companies get hold of this sort of information people will be punished for something beyond their control. The thought of someone becoming a second-class citizen because of genetic makeup makes one arrive at an all-too-obvious analogy.
Ulfur, Reykjavik, Iceland
Anyone seen Gattaca?
It's not much of a step from this to designer childeren.
Of course is a brilliant step in medicine and technology, but is it a step in the right direction?
Oscar, Eton,
And what are they more likely to catch?
I would suspect they have no idea.
Andy B, Bath, UK
From a purely health perspective I can't find any argument agains it. But this will have other consequences as well. Think about the problems one might have with getting a good (and affordable) health insurance as soon as it's clear that you have a higher risc of some illness.
A. van Oosterhout, Eindhoven, Netherlands
What happened to natural selection?
Vanessa, Leigh,
Hi,
Genetic tests for all - the new approach to preventive medicine; The programme, run by University College London. Such developments raise many questions, must the law or to be more precise the insurance laws be adapted. Manipulations on the foetus with negative repercussions in later live of such new born must be considered.
Terence Hale, Zandvoort, Holland
I do not think the technique can create a perfect hunman being ,
lee, tangshan , china
Hardly 'preventive' genetics.
Jimmy, Lucknow, India
I was considering doing this privately but was deterred due to concerns about ownership of personal genetic information. As the NHS is selling donated organs I have little confidence that they would protect the information either.
R Harvey, Hitchin, uk
Perhaps we can design babies that do not possess the controversy gene!
F Rasmin, Brisbane , Australia