Mark Henderson, Science Editor
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One man in seven has a genetic profile that will raise dramatically his chances of going bald at a young age, according to research that could lead to new ways of predicting and preventing hair loss.
Men who inherit two particular genetic variants are seven times more likely to develop male pattern baldness by their forties than those who carry neither, a British-led team has found.
The discovery, from the first study to trawl the human genome for passages of DNA linked to baldness, will allow young men to discover with much greater accuracy whether and when they are likely to lose their hair.
Some may then wish to try drugs such as finasteride (marketed as Propecia), which can delay, stop or even reverse baldness, while they still possess luxuriant locks.
The research should also assist the development of new treatments. Professor Tim Spector, of King’s College London, who led the study, said: “Early prediction before hair loss starts may lead to some interesting therapies that are more effective than treating late-stage hair loss. It will encourage pharmaceutical companies to produce preventive lotions that might stimulate hair follicles before it’s too late.”
Brent Richards, of McGill University in Montreal, Canada, who contributed to the research, said: “We’ve only identified a cause. Treating male pattern baldness will require more research. But, of course, the first step in finding a way to treat most conditions is to identify the cause.”
Tests for the genes are soon to be offered by deCODE Genetics, an Icelandic company that took part in the study, through its deCODEme personal genotyping service.
The findings, which are published in the journal Nature Genetics, also add to understanding of how baldness runs in families.
One of the two DNA regions that is implicated controls a male hormone receptor and is carried on the X chromosome, of which men have just one copy that is always inherited from their mothers. This variant, which was already known, may account for the common observation that men often take after their maternal grandfathers in trichological matters.
The second DNA region, which has been newly identified, is on chromosome 20, of which men have two copies, one inherited from each parent. This means that at least some of men’s susceptibility to hair loss is passed on by their fathers.
About a third of men are affected by male pattern baldness by the age of 45, and two thirds by the age of 60. It also affects women, though more rarely, and tends to lead to generalised hair thinning rather than the characteristic pattern of loss seen in men. The new research suggests that men with the two genetic variants have a 70 per cent or greater chance of going bald early, while those who carry neither have a chance of about 10 per cent. About 14 per cent of men have the two variants.
Researchers used a new gene-hunting technique, genome-wide association, to search for variants that might be linked to baldness in a sample of 1,125 white European men from Switzerland.
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Who cares! I started losing my hair at 20, so what My father was bald as was his father. I hardly needed a fancy test to tell me it would happen to me too. I have not worried about it in the slightest and find the whole concept vain and rediculous!
Mark, Aberdeen, Scotland
I have no doubt that:
1) this is huge waste of resources
2) Some hair system guy is posting with various names - to make us think that baldness makes life any worse!
I started developing MPB when i was in mid-twenties. My regrets? absolutely none.
amit, london, uk
Surely a much cheaper, and equally reliable, indicator would be a simple check on whether the boy's father is bald
And if his mother's bald too then he's got no chance
hmw, honiton clyst,
As someone that shaves their head constantly, I'm in the small minority wishing it would go bald.
Andrew, Abu Dhabi,
Hey women! now you can check up on your man's DNA to see what he's going to look like when he's 40
Andre Harris, St Albans, Herts
Finally some research that may finally lead to a treatment of this socially isolating condition. I know people that don't care for their appearance might see this as trivial, but ask yourself how many senior company managers / gov't leaders are bald/balding?
Steve, Derby, uk
Fizz is absolutely right: this is pointless research, and is medicalising a natural condition. I'm bald, and I've never had a problem with it. It's completely normal and nobody has ever taken the mickey. Who are these thousands or tortured souls, suffering from their baldness? Therapy, not pills.
Will Duffay, London,
Losing hair can undermine a man's confidence and can lead to long term mental problems. Why is it taking so long to find a cure for baldness ? The company that finds an effective cure for baldness will make a massive profit ! Keep reseaching !
david dixon, london, uk
Seems like baldness is most common in this country I happen to blame it on stress.
Jonathan, Cumbria, UK
Point proven again:Pharmaceuticals would rather cure a bald westerner than a dying African.It makes sense to their profit-driven minds:Where is there more consumer money to be spent?
I started losing my hair at 20 but would still prefer to see such R&D money spent on life-threatening conditions.
Mark, London, UK
Show me a woman who cares about a man's MPB. I have never met one.
Perversely, I have a full head of hair and shave it off every week anyway. Life without combs, brushes, barbers, shampoo and sticking up bits of hair is worth having to wear a woolly hat in winter and a suncap in summer.
Dave, Slough,
Losing hair in your late teens can be devastating, so anything that can prevent this is to be welcomed. Those of us in our forties who are getting thin at the crown should relax!
John, London,
one of the effects of testosterone is baldness, amongst other illnesses, such as prostrate cancer. This is very worthy research, as it has been shown that those who go bald tend to suffer other diseases more common to their group.
rich, denia,
wat a waste of £ - i kno of no men who give a monkeys abt losing their hair..and im one of them.. if £ needs to be spent perhaps spend a few bob on counciling the poor vain muppets who have an issue with it. yul brynner and telly savalas seemed to thrive on it.
zugerman, zurich, switzerland
A more pointless waste of scarce resources would be difficult to find. MPB only occurs after the normal age of sexual productivity. As such it plays no part in the success or otherwise of our 'selfish genes' in surviving. So buy a wig or get a Bobby Charlton.
Alan Pedersen, Manchester,
Fizz, the same could be said of IVF, but if it "effects" a person in a certain way (morally, psychologically etc.) then it's worth researching.
Having said that, it's certainly not a priority, but I expect men will need to pay for any treatment, unlike some IVF or even some breast implant ops!?
Terry, Bagneres, France
Fizz,
when you bald I dont think it'll be such a waste of money thoasands of poor sods that loose their hair are tortured by it - this is worthwhile research!
Dr Rob, Cumbria, Uk
Instead of wasting time researching baldness why not spend the money on something that at least is worthwhile. Men do not die because they are going bald but they do die from a myriad of diseases which are grossly underfunded for research.
Fizz, Bicester, United Kingdom