Elizabeth Colman
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HUNDREDS of thousands of borrowers have been warned that they will be frozen out of the top new mortgage deals as the clampdown on lending by Britain’s major banks and building societies gathers pace.
Brokers have warned that lenders are becoming increasingly cautious. Even applicants with an impeccable credit record are finding it difficult to secure the best deals as the credit crisis worsens.
Borrowers with little or no equity in their homes face big increases in repayments when their existing deals end after Lloyds TSB and the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) pulled their mortgages for those with deposits of less than 10% last week.
Banks and building societies are raising their rates for new borrowers. Halifax, the largest mortgage lender, is increasing the interest rate on its mortgages on Tuesday, adding up to £600 a year to the cost of an average loan.
Alan Harper of Moneyfacts, a financial data service, said: “It is not just those with dodgy credit records who are feeling the squeeze now, the credit crunch has well and truly hit mainstream Britain.”
Hector Sants, chief executive of the Financial Services Authority, the City watchdog, added to the sense of crisis last week when he said the era of cheap credit, which enabled homeowners to borrow up to six times salary, was over. In addition, two of the biggest banks, Halifax and Royal Bank of Scotland, warned that borrowers were going to find it more difficult to raise loans.
With about 150,000 people borrowing more than 90% of their property’s purchase price last year, the clampdown is likely to accelerate the housing market’s downturn.
Nationwide reported last week that house prices fell for the fourth month in a row, dropping 0.5% in February. Annual growth has now fallen to just 2.7%, the lowest level since 2005. The number of mortgages approved for people buying a home rose slightly during January to 74,000, but the figure is still the second lowest since September 1995.
Analysts fear the mortgage freeze will make matters worse. Howard Archer, chief economist at Global Insight, a consultancy, said: “It seems highly likely that house-mar-ket activity and prices will continue to be dampened markedly by the combination of stretched affordability and tighter lending.”
Despite the price falls, the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors said first-time buyers are finding it harder to enter the market as lenders demand increased deposits.
Cheltenham & Gloucester, owned by Lloyds TSB, has told borrowers that they must put down a minimum deposit of 10% for mortgages. Previously it was willing to lend up to 100% of the value of a property. The change means a typical first-time buyer in London has to raise almost £25,000 to obtain one of their loans.
Nationwide, Britain’s biggest building society, now insists on a deposit of at least 25% if borrowers want access to its best rates.
Melanie Bien of broker Savills Private Finance said: “More lenders are likely to follow suit, meaning repayments will rise for hundreds of thousands of first-time buyers and remortgagers who have diminishing equity in their home.”
First-time buyers Daniel Marks, 28, and Jackie Combine, 30, were fortunate to make it on to the housing ladder with a 5% deposit before such deals began to disappear.
The pair, both financial managers at investment banks, bought in West Hampstead, north London, securing a two-year tracker mortgage at 0.24% above Bank rate at the end of December. However, that deal is now 0.34% above Bank rate and the fee has risen by £504 to £1,499 – which would have added £1,412 a year to their bill.
Marks said: “We felt a massive urgency to find a place and get a good rate. We couldn’t have afforded a 10% deposit.”
Landlords are also feeling the pinch. Figures from the Council of Mortgage Lenders showed a 23% rise in buy-to-let loans last year, but lenders say that since the new year they have been rejecting borrowers.
A buy-to-let survey by Savills, the estate agent, said 24% of investors would be unable to make further purchases. Tim Hague, managing director of BM Solutions, a lender that is part of the HBOS group, said: “We have seen a marked increase in our decline rate on buy to let. There are some borrowers who are going to struggle to remortgage.”
Many lenders are demanding higher deposits for new buy-to-let loans and insisting on increased rent to cover interest repayments.
Woolwich, owned by Barclays, cut the amount it will lend buy-to-let landlords from 85% to 75% of the purchase price last week. BM Solutions will withdraw loans for landlords whose rent covers just 100% of their repayments from tomorrow. New borrowers will have to prove rents cover at least 110% – criteria some will be unable to meet.
Jonathan Moore, of broker Mortgages for Business, said: “Many lenders are reverting to insisting on rental cover of 125% or 130% of the mortgage repayments. This marks a dramatic turnround from the situation just a year ago when lenders were relaxing the rules to make it easier to borrow.”
Dean Jones, 33, a sales executive from Leeds, and his wife, Amanda, invested in their first buy-to-let property in November 2006, with a mortgage from BM Solutions at 4.79%. They have since bought two houses with Paragon at 5.69%, but said the loans were becoming unaffordable.
“The lending criteria and high fees have made it difficult to refinance,” he said.
Rates on tracker mortgages for all borrowers are continuing to rise. Halifax will raise its lifetime tracker by 0.3 percentage points this week to 6.39%.
Simon Taylor, of Chase de Vere Mortgages, a broker, said: “This represents an increase in monthly repayments of £50 fora borrower with a £200,000 interest only mortgage in just a week.”
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Does anyone believe Brown will let the housing market fall?
He just bought a mortgage bank!!!
Expect to see our own version of the homeowener preservation corporation, the government will buy up and forgive these failing mortgages and stick those who didnt buy with the bill.
Its been doing so for the past decade, why is it surprising to you?
But, just to make sure we're clear, if it goes the other way, and house prices do drop 20% or more, the banks will simply stop lending to anyone, so unless your a first time buyer who can pay cash, your outta luck.
Shouldnt Happen
Clear Moral Hazard
But this is Brown, there will be no more boom or bust, no matter the cost
Dominic, Manchester, UK
Salty from Reading - your views on the Uk property market are at best overtly optimistic at worst complete naive.
Whatever you see now unravelling in the US property market you can probably magnify by 1,5 to 2x for the UK property market over the next 5-7 years. What caused the property boom in the UK and US over the past 5-10 years is now completely going into reverse leading to severely tightened credit availability and hence drastically reducing mortgage availability. i.e. securitisation of mortgage debt/transfer of mortgage risk into global investor community. Now investors are requiring higher returns for their given risk - which will dramatically reduce demand for such securitised assets as well as reduce substantially the credit which banks are able to lend. Even if the BOE reduces interest rates to 1%, it is still unlikely to save the medium term collapse in the Uk property market to the tune of a 50-60% fall in real values over the next 5-7 years.
Michael, Bishops Stortford, England
There are hundreds of landlords out there with equity in property.
Propoerty prices can only go so far before they are snapped up by landlords who are solvent. Not the ones you read in the paper who jumped on the bandwagon. The hundreds of us who invested years ago.
With the number or first time buyers falling and people moving into rented accomodation demand for rented accomodation has never been so high.
My rents have just been raised 12% and the properties gone in days.
I plan to hold them for a further 20 years and am simply not worried by the panic mongering that seems to go with a simple correction in the housing market.
The banking sector is protecting itself and sub prime losses affecting UK banks will all be out by the middle of the year. HBOS was very exposed to sub prime, wrote it off and still saw profits rise 10%
Banks are simply doing what they used to do. Lend money to people who will pay it back.
This used to be called best practice. Now its called a downturn.
Salty, Reading,
If I have understood the situation, lenders were happy to lend during the credit boom so long as the they could pass the debt to a third party. Now lenders are less willing to lend as they are compelled to hold more of the debt themselves. The overall amount that can be lend is reduced.
UK property prices were set at the margins of affordability. So, if the credit crunch continues property prices will fall.
Costas, Larnaca, Cyprus,
You ain't seen anything yet. Learn your history if you want to know the future. If house prices really start to fall by any worrying degree...... the banks will really put their shields up and restrict lending.
In the 1939 survey (Great Depression) over 50% of the reason given for credit refusals were "bank policy".
With falling house prices, it lowers the market value of real loans. Banks, just like their predecessors after 1929, will not want to write new loans to see £1 of their safe cash go into a loan which will only have a market value 80p or 60p or worse.
David S, Manchester, UK
Boffin 3.2.08 3.40pm
I was one person that came from a large family and was brought up to only buy when you could see your way clear to pay for it, The problem has been that money has been to easy to borrow, and the majority of borrowers did not go into things deep enough, and i am glad to see that the banks and financial organisations are suffering now for the incompetance of offering all the incentives to people to make them borrow.
Stanley stephens, Gamlingay South Cambs., England
I'd say it crunch time for lenders.Borrowers can declare themselves bankrupt and walk away.Do lenders have this option?
stephen hulton, eure, france
"Is the UK property market about to undergo an absolutely humungous correction as a result of over-lending and Greed? Looks like the supply and demand arguement is dead in the water! ...Sam Smith, Liverpool, UK"
Sam - I was never convinced by the supply and demand argument.
Partly from choice, partly from not finding it easy to buy something affordable, I've been in rented accomodation for the last 3 years. (Something I would have no problem going with for the long term).
The thing that struck me is how low the rent was relative to the property price - about 4 percent.
That, to me, demolishes the "supply and demand will keep prices high" argument. If there was a huge demand, we wouldn't get low rental prices.
I think the rental market was feeling the pain slightly ahead of the buy/sell market, which is just about to get an about-time price adjustment.
Clive, Surrey,
"Daniel Marks, 28, and Jackie Combine, 30, were fortunate to make it on to the housing ladder." - Ha Ha Ha "FORTUNATE" when house prices are going to drop by at lease 30% over the next few years. Waiting first time buyers who have the common sense to see the huge house price bubble about to burst and are waiting in rented accommodation for the sound of the pop are the fortunate ones. The gap between the have's and have not's is about to get a lot narrower in the housing game.
David Turner, Tenby,
A very alarming statement I heard on Bloomberg News last week "Housing debt in the UK now represents 2/3rds of the household debt on the European Union".
Tony, London, UK
And all those poor saps who have followed the media line over the last 2 years are about to be whacked - big time! The credit crunch has only just started. Other 'shoes' will fall as the sub-prime crisis spreards everywhere in the banking business.
Banks are on the verge of insolvency and we haven't even seen the beginning of the losses UK banks will take on over the next couple of years with bad debt in both the secured and unsecured market.
Rob, Isle of Wight,
As Sam Smith points out, the shock of a huge rise in mortgage servicing costs for the large number of debtors whose fixed rates are due for review, is going to generate the sharp fall in prices that the likes of Halifax and Nationwide are pretending isn't going to happen. The biggest danger comes from the BTL sector where the owner is not the occupier who will either decide to cut their losses and run or; as falling prices racks up their gearing, be forced to do so by their banks. Note the fact that there are more than a million of such properties overhanging the market.
figurewizard, petresfield, UK
The supply and demand arduement was only valid until August 9th last year( the start of the credit crunch ).The chancellor said at the time that no UK bank was involved.I thought that the NR was a UK bank,am I missing something or did the chancellor know something that I didn't.
stephen hulton, eure, france
Whilst many have been lamenting for poor old FTBs recently (unneccessarily in my view, a good old hard house price crash will help them out), what is going to happen to 1) IO mortgage debtors 2)125% mortgage debtors (as featured by the now deceased Northern Rock Liar LOan Trading Co.) and those who now find themselves close or into negative equity?
I am guessing that once their Fix rate period lapses (as 40% of mortgages are doing at the mo) they are going to get whacked by a huge increase in payments as they wont be able to remortgage. They will, in other words, be forced to sell up and downgrade. This, in turn, will of course drive prices down, further compounding the problem, with even more homeowners unable to refinance once their fix rate lapses.
Am I missing something here, or is the UK property market about to undergo an absolutely humungous correction as a result of over-lending and Greed? Looks like the supply and demand arguement is dead in the water!
Sam Smith, Liverpool, UK
How can people think they were "fortunate" to get on the housing ladder recently? They will be looking at 25% loss on their "investment" in the short term.
The "fortunate" ones are the ones who currently feel let down because they CANNOT buy a house. They will be very very very glad of this in 12 months time.
Barry, London, England
So if people can't get loans for six times salary, and average wages aren't increaseing yet to the right levels, theres only one direction for house prices, even the make believe ones the estate agents keep putting on propertys.
hmm... whats that dull thudding noise i hear in the background?
Duck its the herd changing direction..!!
Rob, ex Notts UK, Vancouver BC