Ben Webster, Transport Correspondent
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British Airways aircraft are to be used to gather data about the hidden impact of air travel on climate change in research that could result in much higher environmental surcharges on tickets than expected.
The airline is supporting research by the University of Cambridge into the warming effects of condensation trails, nitrogen dioxide and other aircraft emissions.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has estimated that the damage done to the climate by these emissions is between twice and four times greater than the impact of carbon dioxide alone.
It is relatively simple to calculate carbon dioxide emissions because they are related directly to fuel consumption. There is also broad scientific consensus about the contribution that carbon dioxide makes to climate change.
Much less is known about the effect of other emissions, although a study by a German aviation research institute found that the white trails often seen criss-crossing the sky could cause more climate damage than carbon dioxide. The trails broaden after about 30 minutes to form banks of cloud that prevent heat from escaping upwards, causing a greenhouse effect.
Nitrogen dioxide forms ozone, a greenhouse gas, when emitted at altitude.
BA is supporting the research because it is keen to present itself as the responsible face of the airline industry and hopes to overcome environmental objections to the construction of a new runway at Heathrow.
A BA spokesman said: “While research has given us a solid understanding of the effect carbon dioxide generated by flying has on the environment, the climate impact of our nitrogen dioxide emissions and other effects is less well understood. Recognising that these aircraft non-CO2 effects may be important, we are committed to improving scientific understanding in this area by supporting and engaging in research initiatives. We are looking at whether we can use our aircraft to assist in the collection of atmospheric data.”
BA is also spending £50,000 on workshops organised by Cambridge University to identify gaps in knowledge and develop a plan ensuring that “scientific understanding of aircraft non-CO2 effects is robust by 2012”.
Last month ministers from the European Union’s 27 member states agreed to include all flights arriving at or departing from EU airports in the European emissions trading scheme from 2012. But the scheme, in which companies buy and sell permits to pollute, only covers carbon dioxide emissions and is likely to add less than £6 to the average fare for flights within Europe and less than £25 to longhaul fares.
Were airlines required to pay for their other climate change emissions, the cost to the passenger could quadruple.
Jeff Gazzard, of the Greenskies Alliance, a coalition of environmental groups opposed to the expansion of air travel, said that the Cambridge research project should not be used as an excuse to delay taking action.
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We hear so much about the IPCC conclusions but I am still desperately trying to get some information on the measurements which their computer models are based on.
Even 10,000 measuring stations would be inadequate to provide sufficient measurements of temperature, human emitted and natural CO2 equivalent gasses for more than a verdict of best guess.
Do you honestly believe that given the surface area of the earth at 509600000 square kilometers even this gives the sort of accuracy needed?
As for likely or very likely that would need considerably more, or at least it would if it was a computer model in the engineering field.
As for the comment of tim does he really rate a poitician millionaire director of a company raking in the money form carbon credits as a reference in probity?
D Cage, Highworth, Wilts
PS I wonder if BA have got wind of a suppressed report made for an environmental group that suggested that more air travel would actually be as much of a cure as less. Because air travel is in lanes not randomly distributed more would create bands of thicker cloud with holes making the models used hopelessly wrong.
D Cage, Highworth, Wilts
Tim, you should question the IPCC science instead; the list of dissenting scientists is long and widely distributed among reputable institutions doing reputable work. Obviously, you are pursuing a green agenda. So just to help you get your facts straight about the US Senate report which you obviously have not read, here is a link and some background information about the so-called IPCC "report."
http://tinyurl.com/24ym5b
Background: Only 52 Scientists Participated in UN IPCC Summary
The over 400 skeptical scientists featured in this new report outnumber by nearly eight times the number of scientists who participated in the 2007 UN IPCC Summary for Policymakers. The notion of "hundreds" or "thousands" of UN scientists agreeing to a scientific statement does not hold up to scrutiny. (See report debunking "consensus") Recent research by Australian climate data analyst John McLean revealed that the IPCC's peer-review process for the Summary for Policymakers leaves much to be desired.
Scott, Durham, NC, USA
scott
Really? 400? Did you actually see who is on that panel?
There are the usual Fred Singer and Tim Ball who have no scientific credentials then scientists such as Dr Richard Courtney who is ...wait for it......a British Coal industry editor.
The author of this report is very adpet at producing a slick advertising campaign, much less so at providing scientific background.
tim, london,
Dr Coles thanks for the link. I agee:
CONSENSUS is NEVER science fact itâs always a POLITICAL STATEMENT1 (a Party Line 1).
1. the policy of a group. An argument rationalizing the course of action.
The test of a political statement is when the evidence is not discussed rationally, the issue is avoided and those who disagree suffer personal attack.
Alan, Luton,
Tim, London: Actually, Dr. Coles is correct. Many IPCC scientist spoke out against AGW in 2007. In fact, reputable scientist do NOT agree that the evidence is "clear" as you suggest. Far from it!
U.S. Senate Report:
Over 400 Prominent Scientists Disputed Man-Made Global Warming Claims in 2007
Senate Report Debunks "Consensus"
Report dated December 20, 2007
U.S. Senate Environment and Public Works Committee
http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Minority.SenateReport
Intro
"Over 400 prominent scientists from more than two dozen countries recently voiced significant objections to major aspects of the so-called "consensus" on man-made global warming. These scientists, many of whom are current and former participants in the UN IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), criticized the climate claims made by the UN IPCC and former Vice President Al Gore. "
"The new report ...details the views of the scientists, the overwhelming majority of whom spoke out in 2007.
Scott, Durham, NC, USA
Ed & Nicholas Lee, what new taxes? And since when did a Chancellor need an excuse for new taxes? He can always increase the old ones if he needs more money - and taxes don't just go into his back pocket, they go to pay for things like schools and hospitals, which I bet you whinge about not being good enough.
Tony, airlines don't charge for emissions - that's part of the problem. They will only start to do so if it's to pay a tax, so the extra WILL got to the Treasury (though I wouldn't rule out their taking a bit of extra profit too). Still, glad to hear you are cutting down your flying. We do need people who see what needs to be done (or in this case, not done) and go ahead and do it (or not do it!)
Bill Linton, London,
"Dr" Coles, those "scientists" make claims and fail to defend them from scientific rigour. Most reputable scientists now agree the evidence is clear aAnd most sensible people would too. Your cynicism is based on no real truth.
tim, london,
Condensation trails (contrails) only occur in a relatively narrow band of altitude when the humidity levels are optimal for them, and most modern aircraft cruise above those levels. I would be most surprised if they had anything other than a negligible effect on global warming. Do I smell another revenue-generating scheme based on highly dubious reasons?
Nicholas Lee, Windsor, UK
Given that emissions from vehicles, land, sea and air cause global warming what is the justification for airlines, in particular, to charge for emissions? Where does the money go? It certainly doesn't all go to the treasury, rather it's just another boost to airline profits. We're into rip-off UK again and we the public are, as always, the loosers.
If all the emissions-tax went to research then I would be quite happy to pay the extra, but not when it enhances profitability. So, my wife and I will restrict ourselves to one overseas holiday this year and none next year - for the sake of the environment and my pocket.
Tony, Preston, merseyside
Man-made CO2 emissions are the culprit for our changing climate, simply because it is easy to calculate and slap a tax on it to raise revenue for governments/profits for business.
Science has nothing to do with it.
Ed, Harrogate, UK
OK. So global warming may not be man made. But man is definitely contributing to it. The speed with which it is happening is caused in part at least to man. Besides, the damage that we are doing to the planet is undeniable. Oil spills, mass extinctions, deforestation. I am glad that in a few generations our race will not be around to curse us for what we have done.
I believe that it is time to give up the air travel until a much cleaner method is found. It's also probably time we all weaned ourselves off of fossil fuels.
Does anyone notice that the main deniers of global warming are Americans? Possibly for the same reason that people who that there are no problems with drug taking are drug addicts.
E R Mann, Warwick, U.K
Dude,
CO2 TRAPS HEAT.
So maybe we should at least THINK about trying to cut down on it? It's not exactly going to escape the atmosphere.
Yeesh.
Martin E, St Andrews, scotland
Over 400 Prominent Scientists Disputed Man-Made Global Warming Claims in 2007. http://tinyurl.com/2dv6nz
Dr Coles, Los Angeles, USA