Jonathan Leake
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The world’s two most powerful wind turbines, with blades up to 500ft in diameter, are to be built on the Northumberland coast in clear view of northeast England’s most renowned shorelines.
One will tower over Blyth, a rundown former shipbuilding centre whose construction yards are being used to assemble the giant machines.
The other will stand in shallow waters just off the town where it will be used as a prototype for the hundreds of machines planned for wind farms in the North Sea.
The two machines are planned to be up to 650ft high, including their blades. At that height they would be more than 200ft taller than the current tallest turbines in Britain. They would also dwarf Nelson’s column, which is about 170ft high, and outstrip the Gherkin office tower in the City at 591ft. Each could generate up to 7.5 mega-watts of power, enough for 4,000-5,000 homes.
Such projects alarm environmentalists who warn that the thousands of giant turbines planned by the government will destroy Britain’s last unspoilt landscapes.
Others disagree. Charles Rose, director of Hainsford Energy, which was last week granted planning permission for the giant onshore turbine, plus six smaller ones, said he believed such machines could enhance the landscape. “These turbines will become icons for the whole wind energy industry,” said Rose. “What’s more, they will be largely built in this country.”
The second giant machine, to be built offshore, has been commissioned by the Crown Estate. Rob Hastings, director of marine estates at the estate, said the aim was to boost the development of tall wind turbines. “This is a great opportunity to help establish a new industrial base to advance the UK’s leadership in renewable energy.”
All the machines are to be built by Clipper Windpower Marine, a California company that runs wind farms in America.
It has taken over part of the former dockyards at Blyth next to the government-sponsored New and Renewable Energy Centre, one of the few sites in the world capable of testing the blades for such big machines.
David Still, the managing director of Clipper, said: “There are great economies of scale in building large turbines. We may eventually go even bigger.”
The sheer scale of such projects shows the opportunities and risks involved with converting Britain to wind power.
The government has said it wants to generate 15% of Britain’s energy from renewable sources by 2020. Since there are no easy substitutes for transport fuels or gas, most of this will have to come from green electricity.
Some hope the project will make the recession-hit northeast the hub of Britain’s burgeoning renewable energy industry.
Blyth is ideally placed. Its deep harbour and shipyards have placed it at the heart of the wind power industry. In 1993 Britain’s first wind farm was built around its harbour.
The nine turbines had a maximum capacity of just 300kW and stood just 140ft high.
Rose plans to replace these with the six new 2.5MW machines, each standing 340ft high, including blades, and generating eight times as much power. The larger “landmark” machine will be sited on a near-by wharf.
For now, the world’s most powerful wind turbines are in Germany where two Enercon E-126 machines were recently installed in Emden. They are about the same height as those planned for Blyth but slightly less powerful at 7MW.
However, some environmental groups warn that the rush for renewable energy could destroy landscapes.
Neil Sinden, policy director of the Campaign to Protect Rural England, said: “Climate change is the overwhelming threat to the environment but it would be madness to desecrate the countryside, one of the nation’s most valued environmental assets, in tackling it.”
Additional reporting: Georgia Warren
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"As for wind power? Its cleaner than Nuclear by far! "
Kevin, there is a difference between base-load power generation and wind:
It would be unrealistic to assume that wind energy would displace any nuclear capacity, (Wind Power in the UK, Sustainable Development Commission. 2005. p35)
Gordon, Berwick, UK
Ronald Donnelly, Haywards Heath, West Sussex said:
Why do you quote dimensions in feet when we have been using and teaching the metric system in this country for 40 years?
Because this is Great Britain and even I still use Imperial Measures.
As for wind power? Its cleaner than Nuclear by far!
Kevin, Banbury, United Kingdom of Great Britain
We have all heard about climate change, from the noisy few I'm more concerned about the lack of work and subsequent lack of food for our children and grandchildren.
We should be designing and building the wind generators, the nuclear power stations and clean coal fired power stations ourselves.
B P Brady, Hullbridge, Essex
I am concerned is regarding the application to repower the Blyth Harbour Wall wind turbines. The Wansbeck Blyth Harbour Wind Farm has a very detailed Environmental Impact Assessment including a Navigational Risk Assessment but I cannot find a Flood Risk Assessment . I am sure there should be one
Elizabeth Mann, Darlingtom, Durham
David,
Let's get real: the existing offshore turbines have not managed to exceed a load factor of 26.5% (the BWEA claims 30% is "typical" even for onshore).
They have not worked for more than 2 years. In April 2006 the company admitted that they were not producing power due to a broken cable.
Gordon, Berwick-upon-Tweed, UK
David
It is not a choice of wind or conventional - due to backup you end up with more fossil fuelled generation.
Germany: 22,000 turbines and building 26 new coal-fired stations.
Denmark: highest per-capita installed wind capacity in the world - carbon emissions rising, no power stations closed
Gordon, Berwick-upon-Tweed, UK
The first wind farm in the UK was at Delabole in 1991, not at Blyth which was two years later. It is still working at 98% availability.
Peter Edwards, Delabole,
What's the point? You never see them turning! Of the dozen turbines I could see from home today not one of them turned all day. I should know! I was out enjoying the sun!
pete, accrington, uk
Wind turbines are the Devil's work. And the government wants to build 7000 of them! Eight nuclear power stations are planned, so why this rush for wind - polluting the countryside and the shoreline. There is more than the CO2 issue involved. Someone somewhere is going to make a fat profit.
Dwight Vandryver, Scholar Green, Cheshire, UK
Why is the UK so backward ? We should be building these things ourselves with British companies and then exporting them around the world. A lost opportunity again !!
As for Blyth, these will improve the town no end !
slade wallis, Retford, Great Britain
I'm sure Freud would have had something to say about little boys and their dreams of enormous turbines!
The 'economies of scale' will, I am sure, be more than offset by a yet greater incidence of blade and gearbox failure for which wind turbines are already notorious in the marine environment.
Gordon, Berwick-upon-Tweed, UK
These windmills will indeed become icons of the hot air wind industry - in the same way that the Millenium Dome became an icon of zanulab. It is not just that they are ugly - it is that they do not do what is required and that is provide a reliable source of energy
Liz Brown, Montmartin en Graignes,
This is school yard sillyness! Fewer bigger turbines sounds more efficient to a child BUT the fact is that bigger turbines means less power and even that is less stable due to wind variation, meaning a bigger conventional power plant is needed to provide the base load. Wind is expensive&unreliable!
Stephanie King, larnaca, Cyprus
It is amusing that man made features a few hundred years old are magnificent and must be protected - like windmills in Amsterdam - but anything new is a blight on the landscape.
Humans do change things, but for every change to be regarded as a blight in my opinion is extremely narrow minded.
Richard, London, England
It aint the zie but the density of the turbines that matter and hence anything that achieves this means more energy per given amount of area.
Pete Best, Northampton, UK
I hate to think how many birds those vile things will kill and when we are all up to our necks in snowthey will have died in vain and some people will look very stupid
peter c, devizes, wessex
Which is worse: A few parts of the landscape spiked by slender wind turbines, or a similar number of landscapes blighted by huge cooling towers and concrete boxes of traditional power stations?
David, Cheshire,
Why do you quote dimensions in feet when we have been using and teaching the metric system in this country for 40 years?
Ronald Donnelly, Haywards Heath, West Susex