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John Bolton
When John Bolton left the United Nations, some of the fun went out of the multi-storey talking shop. No longer was the walrus-moustached rightwinger there to cast barbs at the silver-tongued bureaucrats who took pride in peddling compromises, turned a blind eye to corrupt practices and humoured dictators – the very essence of diplomacy, some might say.
Happily, Gordon Brown’s elevation of Mark Malloch Brown to be his minister for Africa, Asia and the UN, a lofty perch from which the newly minted peer will attend cabinet meetings and play the “wise eminence” to young David Miliband at the Foreign Office, has revived one of the most entertaining transatlantic grudge matches of recent years. If the hawkish former US ambassador to the UN is from Mars, the flexible former UN deputy secretary-general is from Venus. They are on different planets.
And true to his warlike leanings, Bolton has some weapons stashed in his locker for Gordon Brown.
“If Gordon Brown knew what he was doing when he appointed Mark Malloch Brown, it was a major signal that he wants a different relationship with the United States,” Bolton says. “If he didn’t know what he was doing, that’s not a good sign either. It symbolises that the British government is moving to the left.”
In Washington, senior officials were rattled by Malloch Brown’s comments last weekend that Britain and America would no longer be “joined at the hip” and foreign policy would become more “impartial”. They were also taken aback that another member of Brown’s new government, Douglas Alexander, the international development secretary and fervent ally of the prime minister, had the nerve to lecture Washington on its home turf about the need for “multilateralism”.
Alexander’s spin doctors were chastised for giving anti-US briefings but Bolton says bluntly: “I guess my question would be, ‘Who’s in charge here?’ ” The anti-George Bush headlines in Britain provoked a crisis meeting between senior British officials and Condoleezza Rice, the American secretary of state, and Stephen Hadley, the national security adviser. The transatlantic phone lines crackled with irritation. Brown, recognising the need for damage limitation, decided to rush to Washington, bringing his impending visit forward – although Downing Street claimed implausibly the dates were preordained.
Yet diplomatic niceties continued to be exchanged in public last week. “Oh good grief no,” Rice exclaimed when asked on television if there was a split in the special relationship. On the same day, Miliband said soothingly in his maiden foreign policy speech at Chatham House: “The US is the single most important bilateral relationship.”
As one Washingtonian told me: “Officially, everything is hunky-dory. Privately, it is recognised that there are major loose cannons around.”
Far from wanting the Malloch Browns and Alexanders to pipe down, Bolton is delighted they have spoken up. “My theory is, ‘Let a hundred flowers bloom’,” he says, quoting Chairman Mao (although the Chinese leader never permitted the slightest dissent). Bolton wants the private mindset of the Labour left, the Foreign Office and the United Nations – which has bugged him for years – to be out in the open.
Malloch Brown, he points out, was “simply saying the sort of thing he used to say lurking behind closed doors in the United Nations”, where diplomats have perfected the art of “speaking with four or five faces”. It is important, he suggests, for the United States to “know exactly where the Brown government is going instead of skulking around the hallways”.
“If the Brown government wants to be more European than Atlanticist, let’s hear it. If they would rather not have a special relationship, let’s hear it.” And then comes the zinger: “If they want to be a part of Europe in the same way as Belgium and Luxembourg, let’s hear it.”
Bolton believes Britain must face the question: “Do you want to be an independent country or a county in a big Europe?” The way he tells it is guaranteed to offend our national pride, but you can’t say he hasn’t warned us. “If Britain wants to be subsumed into the European soup, the United States will have to react accordingly – and we will, make no mistake.”
Brown, he has noticed, considers himself an Atlanticist, but only to the extent that he is in tune with the Democratic party. “There are a lot of people on the Democratic side here who think the European Union has better policies than the Bush administration,” Bolton says.
He suspects David Cameron, the Tory leader, is going the same way. “It may be that he simply finds that Europe is more attractive than America as well.”
Bolton is pleased that Brown is standing up to President Vladimir Putin over the murder of Alexander Litvinenko, but cannot resist another dig at the prime minister. “I hope that is an indication that he is going to be tough on Iran, too.”
Hardly. Officials on both sides of the Atlantic believe that Iran presents the greatest threat of disagreement between Brown’s Britain and America – not Iraq, where plans for a drawdown of British troops were agreed long ago with Tony Blair. Although the balance of power between Dick Cheney, the bellicose vice-president, and the dovish Pentagon and State Department is more volatile than it used to be, some senior officials are convinced that Bush is determined to strike Iran’s nuclear facilities before he leaves office.
“I hope so,” says Bolton, unabashed. “I don’t regard the use of military force as attractive, but if the choice is a nuclear-armed Iran, there is no question that you have to come down on the side of force.”
Bolton believes the “blind persistence” of diplomacy through the EU3 nations of Britain, France and Germany has merely strengthened Iran’s hand. “What will it take to convince Europe the policy has failed? If we wait till they get a bomb, it will be too late.”
To his mind, craven British diplomats seized the initiative on Iran while Blair’s attention was on Iraq, Afghanistan and the war on terror (a phrase Brown has banned). “Many of the Foreign Office’s policies would not have been pursued by Blair, had he been more focused.”
It is a charitable view of Blair, who remains an American hero for his support of the Iraq war. But Bolton believes Brown’s succession shows how little Blair managed to change his party. “He was supposed to have altered Labour fundamentally, but did he? Has old Labour, the Labour left, reemerged? If that’s the case, relations between the US and the UK will be as problematic as they were when Harold Wilson was prime minister during the Vietnam war.”
Bolton admits that Washington appears to have gone through a silent, little-noticed regime change of its own, in which the personalities remain largely the same but the policies have shifted. He is no longer confident of where Bush stands on Iran or other issues. “I’m not sure where he is today.”
Blair is being dispatched to the Middle East as a sign of Bush’s revived interest in a multilateral peace process, but Bolton believes it is mission impossible. “I feel badly for him because I don’t think he will be able to accomplish much.” Not if it involves too many weak leaders and meddling diplomats.
Having been forced out of the UN by antiBush senators (don’t forget Malloch Brown said cattily that he was pleased to hold the door open for Bolton on the way out) Bolton is now at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), the Washington think tank that provided Bush’s first administration with its neoconservative intellectual moorings. He has bagged the old office of Jeane Kirkpatrick, the Reaganite foreign policy heroine who died last year and which has a splendid view of the Jefferson Memorial.
He has yet to bump into another Bush exile in the corridor: Paul Wolfowitz, the former World Bank president who, having been ousted from the bank over a girlfriend scandal, has just signed on with the AEI. But Bolton, who has seen his old colleague since his ousting, reports that “he looks happy”.
Bolton, now 58, is hard at work on a book for publication this November called Surrender is Not an Option, the perfect title for a natural warrior. On his desk is his favourite piece of memorabilia: a hand grenade inscribed with the words, “truest Reaganaut” which was given to him by old colleagues.
The two Browns – Malloch and Gordon – haven’t heard the last of him.

Sam Coates's blog about Westminster, politics and spin
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"... all NATO members..." Jimbo? You sure? Have no fear, as long as we have idiots like Harry Reid hanging around (I'm no fan of GWB either) , the UN, with the US as its only major military and financial contributor, continues to survive on life support of subsidies. So say all you want about the the United States as a dumb military machine. We don't care for others to be subservient. We would like others to contribute. Frankly, other than Britain (and Brown is no Margaret Thatcher) ... everyone else falls far short. So Jimbo, how would you propose to help the people of Darfur - that is, without US military of financial assistance? Why don't you call the Russians, or the Chinese, the English, the French or the Norwegians? Believe me, all that the US 'wastes' outside its borders could be put to great use within our borders.
Danny, Eagan, Minnesota
Like it or not at least Bolton calls it like he sees it. Its refreshing to get a straight answer in these days of 24/7 talking heads. Personally I like someone who airs the dirty laundry and isn't afraid of the backlash.
By the way...over here. Blair wasn't thought of as a lacky, poodle, or any of those other names the British press called him. He was seen as the leader of good friends with shared values and mutual interests. If the new British administration's plan is to play both sides of the fence. Americans will see thru that and act accordingly and more unilaterally. Make no mistake in reading the polls. They may show we doubt the leadership, but in no way do we doubt the goal. And to that end, no matter whos in charge, the underlying current will always be you're either with us or against us. So feel free to place the bet of your political currency on either. Just be willing to deal with the downside of losing.
Murph, Madisonville, USA/KY
Inane questions like "Does Britain really want to be Belgium?" are the reason why Bolton was such a poor diplomat and accomplished so very little. It's not about choosing either independence or the EU, or the US, because we've got a bit of everything at the moment and we really aren't doing too badly, thanks very much! It's rather more a question of nuance; the world is far too complex to be reduced to Yes or No answers. I strongly believe in the transatlantic alliance because I think it can be a real force for good in the world. But at the same time, Britain does need to look out for its own interests, and where these interests do not match America's, we should not be afraid to say so. And where to start with comments about "Muslim hordes" and "subservient to unelected bureaucrats in Brussels"... So - let's all calm down, breathe, and think about what we're going to say before we say it.
Mark, Birmingham, UK
JD Sherman's and most of the American comments here are about military might and the US as the great global peace-keeper. Yes, the US has unsurpassed military strength. But sorry lads: I just do not see sufficient evidence that the US has brought peace to other nations.
As for the unlikely scenario of invasions from the East (unlikely because modern terrorism has shown that it is one thing to invade a country but another to run it): all NATO members defend each other in case of invasion.
Uncle Sam's big gun is actually a clumsy and limited instrument, apart from in world wars, and how many of those have there been?
jimbo, Oslo, Norway
so the UK wishes to throw its lot in with the feckless grey men & women of Brussels vs. the UK/US alliance which has not only kept both countries strong, but more importantly has defended the world against tyrants for the past 100 years? fine. as the chinese say, "be careful what you wish for, you may just get it."
RonP, London, UK
I agree entirely here, Gordon is lurching to the left as everyone had expected. I worry about the state of the nation now he's in charge. There appears to be more and more spin from him and less substance to coin his phrase.
F.M. Rilwood, Herts,
What is Europe, anyway? A fairly strong economy, no real agreements among nations, an unelected bureacracy. And zilch of military force. What if Morocco decides they want Spain back? Conquer the land and give all those poor, unmarried men something to do? Who will stop them? The mighty Spanish Navy? The Spanish Army and Air Force? Please. The same goes for France and Italy. They are across the Med from very, very poor people who would like their stuff: land, property, and of course women. You either believe human nature somehow changed, and you don't need protection, or you think it's as it has always been and you make alliances with the US.
Jim Rockford, Irvine, USA, California
"Chris," above, is quite right. The UN, the EU and the Brits will no longer be able to command deployment of the U.S. armed forces, which are essentially the world's only peace force. Bill Clinton let them evade their backyard responsibilities in the Balkans, which was a mistake. In the future it seems likely not even the clueless Democrats will roll over like dogs again. Make no mistake, either--this is all about who deploys the U.S. armed forces, where, if and when.
Larry Hughes, Calhoun County, Michigan, U.S.A.
Yesterdays man, a failed cog in a failed administration. Of entertainment value only.
The same goes for the false - and long since falsified - paranoid fantasy view of Europe peddled in the comments section (you've got to stop believing everything Mark Steyn says, guys). On a par with the black-painted UN helicopters and tank divisions of yore.
David Gilchrist, Tokyo, Japan
The Brits no longer are friends of the U.S. Brown's government, like Democrats in the U.S., are reflecting the views of the British, which is ok, but short sighted.
At some point Europe will need another bail out, and the pacified, isolationist Americans will deny it.
Now that the Brits can't be depended on, they have no influence in Washington, which will decide what to do about Iran without serious consultations with Europe or the Brits.
The U.S. should look out for America's interest and not worry about what the feckless world thinks.
Another skeptic, Denver, CO
Mr Bolton is sometimes a bit over the top, but his basic position is the right one. The US-UK relationship has long had its problems - it started with one, after all.
It comes down to sovereignty. The US did not force the UK into Iraq, any more than the US forced Thatcher to stay out of the Falklands. The EU, though, can and has forced the UK to change numerous laws, for instance forcing the release of criminal and terrorist suspects into the public.
John Miller, Foster City, California, USA
We should all take a deep breath and relax. None of this is new. Relationships change with circumstances and people. Britain's own Lord Palmerston once said Britain had no permanent allies - only permanent interests. The U.S. and U.K. have been friends & allies for a long time. That's unlikely to change although the depth of the relationship may increase/decrease as current events change. The U.K. is reacting to a changing demographic of its populace and a corresponding change in political worldview. As long as a majority of Britons see the U.S. as a grumpy bully that's stirring up trouble with Iran, North Korea, Syria and the various strains of Islamofascism they'll desire a less close relationship. If they decide the U.S. is right to confront these threats or feel directly threatened by events, they may desire a closer relationship. U.K. soldiers are currently risking life & limb alongside U.S. soldiers in Afghanistan and Iraq. That's a pretty good sign of friendship to me.
Jill, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
My guess is Malloch-Brown & Alexander are style not substance, since the shouty radical left is basically the same. They should keep the lefty losers happy while the real US-UK relationship continues as before.
William McIlhagga, Bradford,
<i>"Perhaps its time for Europe to see the USA as it truly is, a flash in the pan"</i>
Unbelievable. Can't Bush come and liberate Britain from these nincompoops? Perhaps it will come to that one day, with anti-Americanism increasing its stranglehold on the body politic. Roll on, Operation Limey Freedom...
Paul H., Cardiff,
<i>"Perhaps it's time for Britain to stop listening to old world mentality men like Bolton."</i>
And there I was thinking that Europe was the Old World...
<i>"since the USA has been in ascendancy the world has never been so embroiled in wars and border disputes"</i>
Probably because the USA is actually prepared to rouse itself to do something. Unlike the UN or EU.
<i>"His comments about Britain and its future ring hollow, especially when viewed against the backdrop of the USA's complete lack of allies on the world stage."</i>
<i>Complete</i> lack of allies? Sure about that? And I didn't realise that international politics is a popularity contest.
<i>"Maybe its time for men like Bolton to turn their attention to their own countries affairs.Spiralling immigration, crime, poverty and a lack of transparency of both government and military, the USA no longer would seem to be a beacon of democracy."</i>
Talk about pot and kettle... And at least they've <i>got</i> a military.
Paul H., Cardiff,
Perhaps it's time for Britain to stop listening to old world mentality men like Bolton. Inward looking and self serving, Bolton criticises countries as if chastising errant children despite the fact that since the USA has been in ascendancy the world has never been so embroiled in wars and border disputes. His comments about Britain and its future ring hollow, especially when viewed against the backdrop of the USAâs complete lack of allies on the world stage. Maybe its time for men like Bolton to turn their attention to their own countries affairs. Spiralling immigration, crime, poverty and a lack of transparency of both government and military, the USA no longer would seem to be a beacon of democracy. Perhaps its time for Europe to see the USA as it truly is, a flash in the pan
Henry Adams, Manchester, UK,
When the UK is attacked by Iran/Russia or destroyed from the Muslim population within, who will it look to for its defense/survival? The EU, The United Nations? Russia? I doubt it.
I can just hear the screams for America to come rescue the UK. However, keep in mind that the US is currently experiencing a high rate of "War fatigue" and therefore America may be in no mood to save the U.K.
Think about that.
Don't get me wrong. I prefer diplomacy over war anytime. However, the political leaders have to get real and deal with an existential threat when one exists.
I believe that we can all agree that today, Iran is that existential threat and diplomacy has not fared well.
I'd like to see a leader rise up in the U.K. that can deal with that threat and deal with it soon. Failure to do so, may ultimately become too late for anyone.
Ernesto Cornejo, Sr., Keizer, United States of America/Oregon
This is Fantastic news! The US will save billions in embassy costs and endless shuttle diplomacy in 25 languages. We can just say it once and let the EU figure it out! Also the EU's combined military can deal with the expanding threats of the Iranians, et al. Oh, I forgot, they have unilaterally dismantled their navies, air forces, etc. Well, Malick Brown can just talk them to death, and his patron saint, George Soros, can throw an EU-wide Open Borders party complete with Sharia parades. At least the new Caliphate will know how to handle a nuclear Iran and $200/barrel oil! Allah Akbar!
Chris, San Francisco, CA
Mark Malloch Brown is the British equivalent to Dominique DeVillipen. And no, the fact that he's not French doesn't make him any less contemptable.
Steven Katz, Forest Hills, USA New York
Sarah Baxter should have asked - Bolton - "a natural warrior " - about his service - or lack of it - in Vietnam.
Colin, Kingston on Thames,
More accurateyly there jimbo, the English can fight the evil in this world as an ally of the US or be subservient to unelected beurocrats in brussels.
Look east, jimbo, for that is where your real enemies lie. The former and nacent USSR, the muslim hoards presently invading. How does England and the EU defend itself once it's alienated the US? You have castrated yourselves.
Atleast in defeat you can look upon your conquering leaders from your high horse.
Have fun!
JD Sherman, East Windsor, NJ, USA
So the choice is: be subservient towards the US or be among equals in Europe. The problem with the British (and particularly the English, I think) is that they think they are better than their European counterparts. This desire to punch above its weight has led the UK to opt for what it calls a bilateral atlantic alliance with the US. But this so-called bilateralism has consisted in the UK doing what the US wants - even launching an unwinable war. When has the US done what the UK wants?
And clearly Harald Wilson was right in deciding it was not in the UK's interest to fight in Vietnam. Surely a more balanced relation with the US can be obtained if the UK acts as part of the European group of nations. Here the UK can negotiate with equals and not be subservient to anybody. Sarah Baxter's paean to Bolton ("a natural warrior" - strange quality for a diplomat) mirrors the UK's fawning relationship with America.
jimbo, Oslo, Norway
Dear Mr jacobs, Are you really suggesting that elixelx is a phalangist? Play the ball not the man why don't you? It is perfectly possible to hold liberal views that are utterly opposed to both socialism and the growing power os Islamism.
Bolton hits the nail on the head when it comes to the question of Britain's relationship with the EU though. Fair question?
Elaib, Brussels, Belgium
Mark Jacobs wrote here, "While there are still neo-cons and fundamentalists like (John Bolton) around, the world is a very dangerous place."
No word for Ahmadinejad, Kim Jong -il, Osama, Mugabe, Castro or Putin. Now that's provincialism, and ideological blindness.
Since Mr. Jacobs is offering forgiveness, maybe he can be forgiven because he's from New York, which is (mentally) dead center in the US leftists' echo chamber.
ERF, Winchester,
While there are still neo-cons and fundamentalists like JB around, the world is a very dangerous place. And I will forgive elixelx for the comments from Spain - this is a country that has only recently come out of fascism.
Mark Jacobs, New York, USA
I think he has expressed the ultimate European question well - "Do you want to be an independent country or part of a big Europe.?" It would be interresting to hear our political leaders answer to that question - what's the betting they want both, and in wanting both will achieve neither satisfactorily? Most people want the independent country, whereas it seems most politicians want the 'big europe' option.
Tim Brookshaw, Atlanta, GA, USA
While there are still men like John Bolton around the democratic West still has a chance of surviving the depradations of the circling vultures of imposed sharia and inhuman socialism.
A word to Mark Malloch-Brown: don't make any mistakes!
elixelx, elx, spain