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The world’s biggest wind farm, with 370 turbines towering 150m (492ft) above the waves, is planned for the Bristol Channel.
The turbines would cover an area the size of the Isle of Wight and generate 1,500 megawatts, more than half the energy needs of the West Country and enough to power 1.1 million homes.
The farm’s 350 sq mile (906 sq km) area would be in an arrow-shaped box between Ilfracombe in North Devon and Swansea in South Wales. The nearest turbine to land would be 13 miles off shore.
The £3 billion scheme, called the Atlantic Array, would bring green energy from the fringes of power generation into the mainstream. Farm Energy, the company behind the project, claims that it would reduce Britain’s carbon emissions by 2.3 million tonnes a year.
Farm Energy, which announced the project yesterday, already runs onshore plants and is behind a planned offshore wind farm, the London Array, in the Thames Estuary.
Before work can begin the scheme will need the approval of the Government and the company will face questions over its impact on wildlife and busy shipping lanes.
The waters of the Bristol Channel were previously considered too deep for a wind farm, but recent developments in technology have made it possible to erect the giant turbines at depths of up to 50m.
Power cables would bring the electricity generated ashore at Ilfracombe and on to a plant near Barnstaple, where up to 150 permanent jobs would be created.
Peter Crone, a Farm Energy director, said: “Atlantic Array would be a landmark project that would see the South West taking a significant step towards a more environmentally sustainable future.”
He added: “We have carried out studies into ecology, shipping and grid connection to ensure the proposal is feasible.” He admitted that the plan was still in its early stages. “It will be several years before we are in a position to submit a planning application,” he said. “As yet we have no consents or permits to develop the site and no agreement with the Crown Estate to lease the seabed.
“We are keen to consult as widely as possible and make sure the local community benefits from these proposals.”
Farm Energy hopes to raise the money privately, without having to resort to public subsidy. The London Array scheme for 270 wind turbines, which received government approval five months ago and will cost £1.5 billion, is backed by Shell and E.ON Energy.
The Atlantic Array project would be twice as expensive because of its size and the depth of the water. If all goes well building will start in 2013 and take at least five years.
Such schemes are expected to receive a boost next week when the Government’s energy White Paper is published. It is expected to allow power companies to charge more for electricity from renewable sources to encourage their development.
Matthew Spencer, of the government-backed Regen SW, which was set up to encourage alternative sources of energy, confirmeed that no public subsidy would be needed for the Atlantic Array.
“It will be funded entirely from private sources, as the Thames Array is,” he said. “The investors will hope to get a special price for energy generated offshore and we will be looking to see what is in the energy White Paper next week.
“The idea is to give an enhanced price for renewable energy to pay for the costs of producing it and Farm Energy is hoping there will be an additional uplift for offshore wind power.”
He said that the Government would carry out a strategic environmental assessment before deciding if the area was suitable for the scheme.
The go-ahead decision would then rest with the Department of Trade and Industry, which would in effect grant planning permission.
Engineers do not believe that the project would have any effect on tidal patterns, so would create no problems for a Severn barrage tidal energy scheme.
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The cost/benefits of this type of project should be far greater than offered by handfuls of turbines sited far too near to people's homes and/or in unspoilt countryside.
If this project is like many other wind farms, the emissions savings & homes-supplied figures will be, if you will pardon the puns, over-blown and highly spun. The 2.3 million tonnes is usually more like 1 and homes-supplied is so meaningless that the ASA won't let developers use it in literature.
We must not forget the limitations of wind power as pointed out by Lyn Jenkins, and would be foolish to rely on it for more than 10-20% of supply - otherwise the lights will go out when we have the wrong type of wind.
Even so, a project of this size will generate serious amounts of electricity when the weather is right. If we are going to have wind power, this is the way to go.
Mind you it will all be pointless if we let the generators continue their roll to coal - putting up their CO2 by 30% over recent years!
Brian, Northampton,
Precisely what are the 1.1 million homes supposed to do when there is a gale blowing in the channel and the turbines have to turned off or conversely, if there is very little wind and the blades will not turn? The answer is that conventionally generated power would be required as backup or at least an alternative of some sort, the source of which would be needed to be more or less guaranteed.
Wake up and smell "the cocoa", as DCI Gene Hunt would say!!!
Bob Wilks, south Wales.
Bob Wilks, Porthcawl, Wales
The Bristol channel tidal barrage sounds like an excellent large-scale project to prove the effectiveness of tidal stream energy sources.
Here is a natural energy source that can be relied upon. Its also an oppurtunity for the UK to get ahead of the renewables game - it could and to lead the world in the field of tidal devices thanks to the pioneering work going on in this field.
The SW of England could find itself being a renewables hot-spot if this and the Atlantic array wind farm goes ahead - potential for future jobs as well as carbon savings.
The design of the barrage device is the key to ensuring the minimisation of harm to wildlife - and this needs to be emphasised - however concerns about detrimental wildlife effects MUST be weighed against the potential catastrophic effects of global warming.
A similar argument could be made in favour of Nuclear Fission - but thats another story.
graham baker, London,
Yes it would be interesting to see on average how many megawatt hours per day these turbines actually generate. i.e. I assume there maximum output is 1500 MW ? or is that 1500 MW the average megawatt hours already estimated ? meaning that the turbines actually produce even more power than 1500 MW
i.e if they are using the new German wind turbine the Enercon E112 that has a max power rating of 6 Megawatts time the 370 turbines installed, then that's a max capacity of 2220 Megawatts. Now if they only operate at 70% maximum output rating over 24 hours that's about 1554 Megawatt hours per day.
Now if you then also subtract the 54 Megawatt hours as electricity transmission line power loss over the 20 or less miles from shore that may drop down to the 1500 megawatt hours per day they are claiming.
David Heley, Melbourne, Australia
Lyn Jenkins gives the usual anti-turbine rant. What suggestions does she have for reducing global warming (or does she believe that to be a fraud also). Her TV may be on all the time but mine certainly is not.
It is true that the wind does not bl;ow all the time - however - when it is blowing, it is a clean, free energy source. Not to harness it would be a crime.
It doesn't take a genius to work out that a GW here and a GW there through all manner of renewables projects (be they wind, tidal, wave, solar, biomass etc) will ultimately add up to large % of UK energy generation and therefor reduction in carbon emmissions. The important thing is that we press on where we can, think positively and ignore nimbyist negativity.
graham baker, London,
These 370 Atlantic Array wind turbines will not power 1.1 million homes at all. They will supply the National Grid VERY intermittently and the NG will supply the homes. Since the wind, even at sea, drops EVERY FEW HOURS , especially in the evening [ see www.metoffice.com/education/archive/uk] , the BACK-UP fossil fuel power stations can never be switched off. They can hardly ever be cut-back , even, because wind speeds are like a yo-yo. Wind turbines generate NIL below 8 knots and above 48 knots, when they have to be shut down to prevent blade shatter [ see www.bmpg.co.uk].
The 1.1 million homes is a FRAUD. It does not include ANY HOME HEATING. To arrive at the figure, it is said that a home consumes 470 kWhrs per annum. Well, only 5 x 100 watt bulbs left on all year use 4380 kWhrs [units]. If you say they are not ALWAYS on....the TV, computer, Fridge, Freezer are! But what about the BIG users, the immersion heater, the 3 Kw kettle, the 2kw electric fire etc?
Lyn Jenkins, Cardigan, Wales, UK
Nice to see that someone is thinking big, however 1500Mw is just over a third of the capacity of Drax, the UK's largest powerstation and represents just over 3.5% of the UK's total capacity. We have a long way to go and at an investment of £3 Billion for 3.5% capacity, it looks lik we need another £15 Billion plus of investment to reach the Governments targets. Well using wind power anway.
Ed, Reading, UK
Fantastic idea - turbines generally 'payback' their carbon footprint in construction and maintenance in the first year of operation at the most
Martin, London, UK
excellent. I hope no winging home owners sell out the future of our next generations because they don't like windmills near their homes. They have to go somewhere. put up and shut up its better than a power station or nuclear plant !!
Will, Bristol,
Great idea but would it not interfere with the shipping in and out of the Bristol Channel ports? How long before one of the ships gets into a collision with a wind turbine generator mast?
It may reduce Britains carbon emissions by 2.3 million tonnes a year but how much will it cost to build in carbon emissions.
Ii's quite windy out there but there will have to be a permament alternative supply of power for when the wind drops.
Graham, Ruislip, UK
If you want the public to support green energy you're going to have to make it CHEAPER not more expennsive! D'oh!
Lindsay, Bristol,