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Panic returned to world financial markets today and share prices tumbled as big investors cashed in before a global economic downturn. Confirmation that Britain is in the first stages of recession only added to the sense of fear.
Wall Street plunged at the opening bell, the Dow Jones Industrial Average falling almost 500 points in early trading and the Standard & Poor’s 500 falling by around 4 per cent as investors ploughed into Treasury bonds before a slight rally by lunchtime.
The losses in Europe were also severe. The FTSE 100 closed down 5 per cent, with banking stocks once again leading the way, and France's Cac-40 finished 4 per cent down after a rash of profit warnings.
Russia suspended trading on its stock market until at least Tuesday after the market lost more than a tenth of its value, hitting its lowest levels since late 2004.
Gordon Brown, speaking at his home in Fife today, insisted that he needed more help from around the world.
“We’re fighting this recession but we need other countries to work with us,” the Prime Minister said.
“This is a global financial recession and we’re fighting it every way we know how, working with other countries, trying to get the banks moving here in Britain, trying to help people with mortgages, at the same time increasing the winter allowance for pensioners, the tax cut of £120 going to basic rate taxpayers.”
Before the European markets tumbled the tone had already been set in Asia. Japan's Nikkei lost 9.6 per cent after the electronics giant Sony slashed its earnings forecast, taking the index below the psychologically important 8,000 barrier for the first time in more than five years. In a further blow for Japanese exporters, the yen hit a 13-year high against the dollar.
“The global financial crisis has been constantly spreading and worsening, creating a severe shock to global economic growth,” the Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao told a meeting of more than 40 Asian and European states in Bejing.
Despite angry noises from the White House and Downing Street, the oil producers' cartel Opec, meeting in emergency session, agreed to cut oil output by 1.5 million barrels per day in an attempt to halt the steep slide in the price of oil. But the price of US crude dropped again anyway, losing almost 7 per cent to $64 as economic gloom overshadowed the cut.
Other commodity markets, from copper to zinc, sugar and coffee were battered by sharp selling, good news for consumers in industrialised nations, but bad news for emerging market economies.
Official figures showed that the UK economy shrank by 0.5 per cent in the three months to September, the first such contraction since 1992, when John Major led the Tories to an election victory and Leeds beat Manchester United to the First Division title. A negative figure had been expected, but not quite such a bad one.
Visiting a manufacturing firm in Oxford, the David Cameron, the Conservative leader, was in no doubt as to where the blame lay – especially for the state of government finances. “This is the day the recession became real," he said. "We have had 10 years of a Government saying no more boom and bust. We have had 10 years of a Government not putting aside money for a rainy day. Well, that rainy day has now come.”
Officially, the UK will not be in recession until there have been two successive quarters of negative growth, although no one now doubts that there will be. The deputy governor of the Bank of England, Charles Bean, gave a particularly gloomy prognosis, saying that Britain’s economy was still in the early days of weakness.
“This is a once-in-a-lifetime crisis, and possibly the largest financial crisis of its kind in human history,” Mr Bean told the Scarborough Evening News.
As the scale of the crisis hit home, giants of the car-making, airline and technology industries battened down the hatches. China, Japan and 11 other Asian nations agreed to set up an $80 billion war fund to fight what Alan Greenspan, the former US Federal Reserve chief, called a “once-in-a-century credit tsunami”.
The French car giants Peugeot-Citroen and Renault ordered huge production cuts at their plants around Europe, while both Sony and Air France-KLM issued profits warnings.
And in the United States, Chrysler announced that it would be laying off a quarter of its 18,500 white-collar staff. The carmaker is already in talks with a number of competitors, including General Motors, Nissan and Renault, for a possible merger.
At their meeting in Vienna, Opec oil ministers had been hoping to stem the slide in crude prices and their 1.5 million BPD cut looked sufficiently deep to do that. But Brent North Sea crude for December delivery slumped to $61.08 per barrel, the lowest point since March 2007.
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Moment of reality - Money can not make money, only real products of bright and hard work.
Branko, Burton upon Trent, UK
the ".real" economy was in the mire ever since Maggie decided that stock brokers, estate agents and hairdressers were far more important than actually making things. it can all be traced back to her. Bliar carried her tradition on with a will as Bruin is too
peter c, Devizes, Wessex
This isn't an ordinary recession,
This is a Gordon Brown recession.
With knobs on ! ! !
Michael Parkinson, Tewkesbury, ENGLAND
The stock market looks out into the future 6-9 months. The market sees Obama in the White House and is disturbed by his socialist spend/tax and anti-free enterprise views. Obama plans to reduce taxes on 95% of the population by taking from 5%. Where will the capital come from to create new jobs?
jon, Austin, TX, USA
The positive side is that the world seems to be going to achieve David Smith of The Times prediction of $40 Barrel Oil.
Shame he could not work out how we would get there like many amateurs.
Paul, London,
Roy Hattersley proudly announced that Gordon Brown was leading the world out of recession. I am beginning to think all Labour politicians live in a dream world. They are going to preside over the greatest recession that this country will have seen since the 1920's and not one word of apology.
James, Hull, uk
For all those forecasters suggesting this downturn 'might' be as 'bad' as the '70s or '80s, this must surely be a wake-up call. We may be looking at worse than the '20s and '30s. But wasn't it obvious? The 70s and 80s didn't come hand-in-hand with a global credit crisis.
Steve York, Norwich,
Congratulations to the baby boomers, whose greed has eaten our country out of house and home.
john p-t, reigate,
UK stock markets will be forced to close for several weeks before the end of the year to stop panic selling.
Halifax bank of scotland is already planning to stop all cash withdrawals for 2weeks to access their current liabilites.
rupert, london, uk
James, spot on. Save the bloody super rich crooks, and leave the poor even worse off!! Superyachts to show off, masters of their little universes, either they get this right, or else there'll be blood on the streets, and not Rockerfellers meaning! And I'm a capitalist to boot!
lionel, ny,
Oh I thought you guys were Christians, did you ever read what the Bible said about the rich man, entering into the kingdom of heaven. It's better to give your wealth to the poor, a rich man cannot go to heaven, it is easier for a camel to get through the eye of a needle, than a rich man into heaven.
Daphne Kenward, Cambridge, UK
The recession in Britain was always going to happen. If there was no credit crunch, then increasing fuel costs and high inflation would have trigered it. It's British borrowing (not US mortgages) that made our economy unstable - this 'boom and bust' is no different from those we saw under the Tories
Tim, Edinburgh,
Now it is debt repaying time. Already the public sector and households are indebted beyond their limit. Borrowing more and consuming is make belief economics that will blow up at a later time. But perhaps the politicians do not care so long as cracks are papered over until after the next election
S Yogarajah, Harrow, UK
It is unimaginable that supposedly experienced investors did not see recession coming at least a year ago - it was overwhelmingly obvious that the extreme boom was unsustainable.
James E. Petts, Burnham, England
Early this week it was Mr Brown who was 'saviour of the universe'. Next week it will have been Darling's idea after all.
I take it that if the price of oil is dropping 7% in a single day; we will be seeing similar reductions at the petrol pump?
Anthony Lester, Brum,
Gordon Brown 1997 Budget "I will not let house prices get out of control". Now he is trying to pull off the biggest con trick of all time. Suggesting he wants more financial regulation when it was him who was against it and got us in this hole.
Fred, Moray, Scotland
This is what you get for ignoring people. Estate Agents were screaming to stop HIP packs and to tell banks to lend over 14 months ago. I didnt have to go to oxford to make this formula.
No lending= fall in prices= no market= no lending.
Only way out of this is
Good business plan bankers
Richard, hereford,
The only way out of this is for the government to guaranty first time buyers that if they buy a house they will not lose any equity. Then make banks offer 5% deposits.
Is that possible?? If not we have no market and no economy.
Richard, hereford,
If Labour carry out their plans to instigate major public sector projects to stimulate the economy, we are doomed! You can't use borrowed money to buy your way out of a crisis, as any idiot knows, but not Government it appears!
Rod Ballard, Leicester,
The bunch of amateurs in No. 10 & 11 tinkering with the economy and bail-out of the banks has led to a recession.
Louis, Liverpool, UK
It is not suprise to see the GDP drop 0.5% consider our economy is heavily depending on the deadful financial industry. Productive forigen workers will leave as pound falls and you will expect a more serverly drop in the overall productivity. That's bad for the country as a whole.
Howard, London,
Trillions of dollars to help banks while third world countries continue in absolute poverty. Mothers unable to feed themselves or their malnourished children, no one comes to help them. This is a gut wrenching unimaginable horror. World leaders should hang your heads in shame.
james, edinburgh, UK
I prefer a more or less quiet Mr. Bean....
George, London,
Well Gordon, you rode the wave of debt-based boom and now there is a tsunami of a bust. You've already got the UK up to its neck in debt, and now you're going to pile on even more so our kids and grandkids will have to work to pay it back. You will go down as the most irresponsible Chancellor ever.
Donna Walker, Effingham, England
The *real* economy of this country has been in recession ever since the housing bubble began to develop, as borrowed money which should have been invested in producing manufactured goods for export, was instead used for the buying and selling of housing. Brown's 'boom' was totally fake.
Paul, Coventry,
So Anthony Bolton was buying last month! - you've got to laugh!!
Nick, Warrington,