Alexandra Frean, Education Editor
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Britain is in danger of becoming a kind of “mini-America” as schools become increasingly segregated and turn into ethnic and religious ghettos, the race watchdog has claimed.
Nick Johnson, director of policy and public sector at the Commission for Racial Equality (CRE), said that “a ticking time-bomb” was waiting to explode in British schools and called for urgent action to reverse the trend.
He proposed the introduction of controversial measures to encourage more race integration in education, including cash incentives for “all white” schools that take children from different racial backgrounds.
Mr Johnson, who was speaking at a seminar on education and segregation organised to help to shape a new CRE policy document, said: “Research suggests that schools across Britain are becoming increasingly segregated in terms of race and religion. We’re in fear of turning into a mini-America with racially determined schools and areas in all of Britain’s towns and cities.
“Schools are where our children first learn how to get along with people from other cultures and backgrounds.
Racially segregated schools prevent this from happening.
“If a Muslim child is educated in a school where the vast majority of other children are also Muslim, how can we expect him to work, live and interact with people from other cultures when he leaves school? This is a ticking time-bomb waiting to explode.”
Ethnic segregation in schools is most entrenched in areas where the ethnic-minority population is above the 8 per cent national average.
This can mean the emergence of predominantly white schools beside predominantly nonwhite schools. In Bradford 62 per cent of secondary schools are predominantly white, and 21 per cent are predominantly nonwhite.
The new Education and Inspections Act requires schools to promote community cohesion, but it is unclear what criteria will be used to determine whether they are doing it.
The Commission for Racial Equality is particularly concerned about academy and trust schools, which have greater freedom over their admissions policies than other state schools.
“Some are using this position to cream off pupils from certain ethnic backgrounds or religions, thus reducing interaction and increasing racial tensions,” Mr Johnson said.
“If schools are judged solely on the academic results of pupils, it’s hardly surprising that they are selecting white, middle-class pupils, who have more opportunities and are more likely to succeed. This is creating a culture of ‘education by ethnicity’.”
One possible solution proposed by the CRE would be the introduction of new criteria for schools applying for trust status, requiring them to have a “a balanced and diverse intake”. Adjustments to school-funding arrangements could be considered, copying policies from the US.
“This would mean that schools would be financially rewarded for taking in more pupils from ethnic-minority backgrounds,” Mr Johnson said.
David Willetts, the Shadow Education Secretary, said that the Conservatives were looking at ways of providing incentives for schools to increase diversity in their admissions.
However, he advised against the introduction of a school-funding formula based on race. “It would be very dangerous to explicitly bring race into the allocation of public funds,” he said.
Simon Burgess, Professor of Economics at Bristol University, said that although ethnic segregation in school was increasing in certain parts of the country for certain racial groups, such as for children of Pakistani origin in Blackburn, there was no overall increase across the country.
“It is almost certainly true that ethnic segregation in schools is bad for social cohesion. But there are other issues. It may or may not be that children do better educationally in schools where there are other children like themselves.
“Pupils may also have greater feelings of personal safety in a school where there are lots of other children like them around. These are questions we have to research,” he said.

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Why is it race - the one factor our elites say is the most meaningless, even non-existent - with which they are so obsessed?
Why not forcibly mix the professional and academic bodies? Or the socialist and free-market political parties? Those groups at least form around something real and which our masters believe to be important.
nick, Leeds, England
We usually say that US is melting-pot nation. In spite of the shot history, US has been developed in verious fields. In my opinion, that makes US the most developed country.
The world is under the globalism nowadays. When I consider a long history, I think that both KOREA and UK are so conservative nation. This problem not only belong to UK. We,KOREA, face a same situation. For the next generation, the right answer is not easy founded. We think more.
YOUNG, IKSAN CITY, KOREA
The Commission for Racial Equality say parents must stop sending their children to schools where most pupils come from similar religious or racial backgrounds. With the number of primary pupils alone who do not speak English as their first language increased by 7% from last year to 448,000 - or about one child in seven. So what possible advantage is there for a non ethnic pupil whos first (and probably only) language is English, to be placed in a school where he is held back due to the language problems. The racial equality lot push the cause of ethnics in this country and put that cause above the interests of the indiginous childs race. How can anyone with a centillum of common sense say that this policy is best for such a child. Why should the interests of the indiginous (probably white, English speaking Anglo Saxon or Celt) child be put behind that of the foreign child who doesn't even speak the same language. Don't mix them & allow them to learn without this racist interference
Lynda Plum, London, England
Wow --this is a minefield--"Educational segregation"--However lets try to add to the discusion.
I am a product of segregated education--I went to a CATHOLIC primary school and for a short time secondary school. I am happy with my religious education but I remember the downside including the abuse thrown both ways between children of the local Church of England and our Catholic.Each thinkung they were in some way superior.I agree with Nick Johnson this is not the way for the future.However there is a case for seperate schools to facilitate the teaching of language and cultural values to the younger children of new immigrants --these should be funded and given incentives to prepare these future citizens for this society. This prepation should begin as early as possible with a view to moving our next generation into a unified system.
Funding should be directed toward integration at all age groups within our society. Some action now instead of years of anticepating the problem.
ROB TONER, Wolverhampton, UK
As long as residential segregation exists in many large cities, segregation in schools is bound to contiue. And thus a barrier to community cohesion.
Government's current policy of encouraging the setting up of faith schools is also likely to be a further contributory factor in enhancing religious or ethnic segregation that currently exists.
Only a kind of freshly thought through bussing policy of the 1970s (that was declared racially discriminatory by the CRE) is a practical option.
Financial incentives for white schools in outer districts that will attract more pupils from ethnic minorities is likely to seriously adversely affect the innercity schools.
Educational segregation is a serious issue that requires a carefully thought out policy if any long term positive results are to be achieved.
Ramindar Singh, Pudsey, UK
Contrary to what this article states, research done in this field shows clearly that, on average, children from Asian and Oriental backgrouds do BETTER than their white counterparts at school in terms of academic achievements, whilst Blacks, on average, do worse.
Facts before fiction please
John Dixon, London, UK
Er...sorry, Mr Willetts and the Tories, like Labour, are backing lots more religious schools paid for by the state, so we will have deepening and cemented segregation, apartheid schools, notably for Asians attending Islamic schools - which Imams will tell their people to do.
It's an aparttheid future folks. An interesting issue for 'human rights': rights of groups override the wider good of society for a coherent common good. Thanks to our liberal elite once again, inverting common sense and getting lots of legal fees in doing all this damage.
Hildebrand, Oxford, UK
Isn't this segregation in schools just a reflection of what happens in the rest of society? I'm finding it extremely difficult to think of anywhere where integrating people of different (and long established) cultures, religions, backgrounds etc has actually worked well. The politically correct lobby may want to ask themselves exactly how PC is it to dilute someone's identity and culture?
Rod Munch, Northampton, UK
It is a mistake to have ethnic or faith schools.
Just take a look at Northern Ireland and we seem to be repeating the system that has caused much social divisions there.
Frank, Swindon, Wiltshire
Where we live the best secondary school is a Church of England school. I am very keen about the education of my children but the school operates a "parents are church-goers" system in their decisions whether to accept children as their new students or not. I am a liberal muslim so I do not go to church, and hence even if I want my child to go to this school for his education he cannot because I am not a "church-goer" then in this case of course there is going to be all-white schools and all the issues outlined above. The fact that I dont want to be blackmailed about my religion is an important for me but yet I am willing to send my child to cooperate and integrate with others and to learn to live in harmony but I do not feel I am given much chances unfortunately!
Guldal, Nr Manchester,