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Tens of thousands of children are failing to master the basics of numeracy and literacy in primary and secondary schools, an audit of standards has revealed.
Data obtained by The Sunday Times shows that levels of attainment among pupils finishing primary school and about to embark on Standard Grade courses fell in about half of local authorities last year.
The picture of chronic failure has angered parents and politicians, who claim that successive administrations have mishandled education policy.
Murdo Fraser, deputy leader of the Scottish Tories, described the findings as “shocking”. He called for head teachers to be given greater power to run schools and restore standards.
Glasgow and Inverclyde are among the worst performing areas, as is Fife.
In more than half of Glasgow’s secondary schools, most S2 pupils fail to reach basic standards in writing, while in one in three of its schools more than half of its S2 pupils do not achieve required levels in reading.
In Aberdeen, a majority of primary seven pupils failed to reach the Scottish government’s recommended level D standard in writing in nearly 40% of schools. In east Ayrshire the figure is nearly a third.
Primary school standards fell in at least one subject (reading, writing or maths) in 11 out of 22 education authorities that provided figures for the past two years and 9 out of 22 at S2 level. In a third of Fife schools, most S2 pupils failed to reach level E standard in maths.
Many education authorities, however, improved in some subjects. Glasgow’s secondary schools saw noticeable improvements, especially in maths, as did the Highlands and Falkirk.
The analysis of standards uses data obtained under freedom of information legislation. The SNP administration, like the previous Lib/Lab coalition, opposes the publication of national league tables. Equivalent data for England is readily available.
It confirms fears that the transition from primary to secondary school damages the prospects of thousands of pupils, with an attainment gap between children aged 12 and 14. In 3% of Glasgow primary schools, 50% of children (or more) fail to meet reading standards. At secondary level this rises to 30%.
The disparity in results is not just within schools in the same council area but within different skills in the same classroom. Most Aberdeenshire S2 pupils achieved level E reading standard, but in 47% of the authority’s secondaries less than half of pupils reached the required grade in writing, compared to 35% the previous year.
Writing skills are a particular weakness across Scotland. In half of Inverclyde secondary schools the majority failed to meet the required standard.
Notable success stories include Stirling, where the number of schools with half (or more) of S2 pupils failing in writing fell from 43% to 29%. Similar improvements were made in reading attainment.
Nonetheless, Fraser described the statistics as dismal. “Far too many youngsters are being failed by the system. The Scottish government has yet to recognise the seriousness of the problem or come up with anything to tackle it. Teaching methods need to be looked at and school heads need more control in their own environment.”
Victor Topping, of the NAS-UWT teaching union, suggested too many inexperienced probationer teachers had taken the place of experienced staff. He called for a greater focus on teaching children the three Rs.
“For children who are struggling, the curriculum is too cluttered,” said Topping. “If children are in difficulty with maths and English skills, is there any point in trying to do other subjects with them?”
Tina Woolnough, chairman of the education campaign group Parents in Partnership, accused ministers of underfunding additional learning support for struggling pupils. She spoke of the human story of lost children behind the statistics.
“We should know what their home life is like, what their diet is like and if they are getting adequate sleep and living normal routines,” she said.
“Childcare is probably lacking for a hard core of failing families and we are not making any headway. Often schools don’t have the resources to tackle these problems, they only have resources for the extreme cases. The rest have to muddle on through.”
The Scottish government said it was focusing on early intervention in schools, including smaller class sizes, to drive up standards.
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My daughter Karen,atteded a tiny village school. She could read THE TIMES aged 6,[ but not the city pages
]. 65 years ago,I started a real reading programme aged four and a half. Did we sit still----You bet we did!
David Vinter, Louth, Lincs., UK..
Sadly, there are still too many teachers in the system who treat teaching as a job with good holidays and guaranteed retirement pension. They show little joy or enthusiasm in front of the children and are only too happy when the liberal left put no pressure on the establishment to hide the national standards their plupils achieve.
We need both 'push' (parents taking an interest and providing good role models) and 'pull' economics ie the teachers being publically held to account for their pupils' standards. Get back to the old style of Ofsted inspecting where all teachers are observed and graded accordingly and these results are fed back during the inspection + league tables indicating value added, absolute attainment and the attainment of different groups as proposed - giftedand talented at primary and secondary (end of Key Stages 2 and 3)
sk, East Sussex,
As a teacher of Junior School (7-11) children, I have always felt that we insist the children learn academicly far too young. Especially the boys who are only interested in doing and not sitting still and thinking. The great pity is that the head start programs encourage the view that the child is a failure if they can't master these skills.
Not all boys are thus, but a lot of them are and it is difficult to teach and motivate a class where there is a fairly high proportion of the active boys. All they want to do is run about and will even skip their dinners for the joy of doing so.
Most all the children will tell you that the purpose of education is to get a good job so they can earn lots of money. This gave me insight, but also broke my heart. I loved learning for learning's sake. I am not competitive. I think I was rare.
Perhaps because we live in such an overcrowded society we come to this view. Give me a starving Armenian and they can happily eat the liver on my plate!
Carlyle Braden, Croydon, U.K.
Sadly, similar things happen to children in non-English speaking world.
China Tang, Beijing, P.R. China
The article fails to point out that parents carry the greatest responsibility when it comes to teaching children to read and write. No one can become a great writer unless they first become a great reader.
We suffer from much the same here in the US. Too many parents refuse to turn off the television and read to or with their children. Too many parents permit their children to waste endless hours playing video games and absorbing tripe from the internet.
Years ago, the hot fad in reading was a program called "Whole Language," in which students were expected to guess at the pronunciation and meaning of words. It failed miserably. It was much less effective than the traditional phonetic system that it briefly replaced and has since replaced "WL."
My parents sent us four children to school to add to our education. School was never seen as the only source of intellectual advancement.
The failures of an educational system merely reflect the failures of the entire society.
Mark, Lufkin, Texas, USA
Back in 1988 our team warned that 50% of 7-8 year olds had not yet developed the visual memory storage capacity necessary for whole word processing. That warning identified a massive flaw in the heart of infant teaching methods.
Our warning went unheeeded but the detailed predictions that we made at that time are now confirmed both by the incidence of reading errors and by the specific type of error patterns seen.
At the heart of the problem lies the philosophical antagonism from by teacher unions to testing discreet reading skills including phonic deficits and the adherance to flawed educational philosophy by almost all teacher training centres.
B Harrison
Research Director
VAS Research
Australia
Byron Harrison, Kingston, TASmania 7050, Australia
Regular scrutiny of the "Have Your Say" readers' comment section confirms widespread illiteracy, inability to spell and difficulties with the most basic sentence construction. And this is The Times!
Bob, St Albans, UK
The shear mass of the schooling machine cannot respond to any instant fix, yet if nothing is done another generation of children could pass the school gates with a sense of betrayal before any change could be made.
The curriculum could be adjusted as the writers suggest with two streams. A streamlined version to equip children with the essentials and an extended version for the brighter children. But perhaps great parental involvement should also be considered. Modern teaching resources used in school, mostly in educational games format are ideal for practice at home. Parents could be given support and encouragement to spend time at home to go over some of the lesson content using these games. Far more fun than conventional homework and far more productive.
This additional resource would positively impact on performance without impinging on the schools resources.
Alistair Owens
Alistair Owens, Doncaster, UK
"The Scottish government said it was focusing on early intervention in schools"
Scotland doesn't have a 'Scottish government', it has the "Scottish Executive", at least, that's what our un-elected Scottish PM says.
Michael, Brighton,