Nicola Woolcock
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School is stressful and unsuitable for very young pupils, say researchers, who question whether children should start lessons at the age of 4.
Those in reception class need more space, time to play and equipment suitable to their age, according to a review of primary education led by Cambridge University.
English children start school younger than in most other countries and some experts believe that this has a negative impact on their academic attainment later in life. Recent studies have indicated that summer-born babies, who join soon after their fourth birthdays, often never catch up with their older classmates.
The primary review compared schools in England, Scotland, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and New Zealand. It found that there were 3,000 fewer primary schools in England in 2004 than 40 years earlier, with a disproportionate reduction in small schools with fewer than 100 pupils.
The age of starting school in different countries ranged from 4 to 7, with England's among the lowest.
The researchers said: “There is little evidence to support common-sense assumptions that spending longer in primary schools results in higher attainment.
“School starting age is a contentious issue: proponents of an early start argue it raises standards; opponents argue it may detract from other kinds of experience and activity which are important to young children's development and learning.
“Research continues to raise questions about the appropriateness of the curriculum, teaching and environment offered to children during the early years of English primary schooling, especially to four-year-olds in primary school reception classes.”
The report, written by the National Foundation for Educational Research, said that young children's opportunities to learn through play were curtailed in reception classes (compared with nurseries).
This was because of insufficient staff, lack of earlyyears training, physical constraints such as small classrooms or lack of facilities, a shortage of equipment such as sand and water, and the restrictions of the timetable.
The researchers also said that other studies had “found evidence of pressure on reception class teachers, from teachers in Key Stage 1, to prioritise the acquisition of reading, writing and numeracy”.
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Some children are just 4 when they start and some are turning 5. I think it is shortsighted to expect these children to have the same level of understanding and maturity. The age ratio is enormus considering their lifespan. Why not give parents the option to delay by 1 year for under 5's.
Nadine , Woking, Surrey
The proof of the pudding ... in England, where children start school earlier than almost anywhere else, their reading standards have declined in the last 5 years (according to the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) http://timss.bc.edu - amongst others), In top-placed Russia and the Scandanavian countries where they start much later they beat us hands down.
But at least our enlightened government is making sure that English children will have equal opportunities: the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) of the Childcare Act 2006 will make it illegal for nurseries and kindergartens to offer the sort of age-appropriate education these foreigners get. Instead anyone offering any kind of non-domestic childcare to pre-school-age kids will have to cram & test them according to gov't guidelines.
John Stumbles, Reading,
I live in Australia where parents have a choice kids can start at 5 if the parents think the child is ready otherwise they can be held back a year until they are 6. A child must start school once they turn 6. I think the UK needs a flaxible system where kids can start later (at 6) if their parents feel the child will be more ready. Many kids here start at 5 nearly 6 and it is proven to help them in their schoolwork and socially. I was 5 nearly 6 and finished school at 18. It really helped me there is no way I would have been ready at a younger age.
Catriona, melbourne, Australia
I started school at the age of 4 - back in the 1960s - and prior to this had no opportunity to go to play school or nursery or part time day care etc... - apart from finding the first day away from mum very stressful, it did not do me any harm at all and i took to it like a duck to water. These days may kids have been in nursery before going to school and ready for school by the age of 4.
jane, portsmouth,
At last, a breath of common sense. At 4, children should be learning through play. They should be learning ,through social interaction, the skills that will become intuitive in adult life. It has long been my opinion that the reason children underperform at secondary school level is because their natural curiosity has been stifled by a too rigid system of learning. British children start school earlier than most other countries in the western world, yet lack noticeably behind their peers in their social and educative development. Raise the school age to 6 and we might start to see an end to the self-destructive behaviour of British youth.
Angela Barratt, London, UK
Exactly so. British education is mired in the past. I have never ever heard the word "constructivist" (a modern method of teaching suitable for young children) mentioned by British educators.
(I'm a British expat teaching in Mexico at secondary school level)
clive warner, Monterrey, Mexico
Reading and writing and mathematics compresses the development of the young mind. It is completely unnatural and is likely stunting our children. Further a young mind can only learn simple things, and slowly. They would be better put to helping their parents and learning constructive activities that are immediately useful (and satisfying to the child). By not learning to read and write until an older age the mind is given a chance to develop naturally. And, like dyslexics, will experience the world so much more vividly.
Modern education is there only to feed our factories and work-houses. We are training our children in slavery, in order to be slaves.
Greg Lorriman, Leatherhead, UK
They are still playing at 4. Foundation and shortly Year 1 will be mostly, or all, play, leaving formal education to begin at 7. The reason why Key stage one teachers are concerned is that a lot of children are ready for structured work at five but will now not be afforded that. Bored children tend to be badly behaved. As with everything that this Government touches, the new policy caters for the lowest common denominator. If I had children starting school now I would be very worried about the intentioned dumbing down of the basics.
judy, Liverpool, England
Pah! thats nothing here in CHina, in primary school they get tested once a month on English, ChHinese and Maths! these kids never get any time off school starts at 7:40 and finishes at 4:20 then an evening study period of 1 1/2 hours to do their homework which some don't finsih and do the inthe monring at 6 when they get up!!!
Barry, Chesham, Uk