David Rose
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There is no link between the MMR jab and autism, according to the largest published study on the issue.
Take-up of the triple vaccine for mumps, measles and rubella plummeted in the late 1990s over concerns that it may be linked to bowel disorders and autism. A study of 12 children, published in the medical journal The Lancet in 1998, suggested that there was a causal link.
Andrew Wakefield, the lead author of the research, and John Walker-Smith and Simon Murch, his co-authors, are appearing before the General Medical Council accused of serious professional misconduct in relation to the study.
Subsequent studies have declared the MMR vaccine safe and found that the rate of autism in children who have received the jab is the same as those who have not.
But the causes of autism and related disorders are poorly understood and a small group of parents and campaigners have continued to believe in Dr Wakefield’s findings.
After a series of rebuttals from the Government and scientific community, take-up of the jab is now slowly rising again. The latest figures show that 85 per cent of two-year-olds received at least one dose of the MMR vaccine in 2006-07, and 75 per cent of children received a second recommended dose by the age of 5.
But the drop in vaccinations because of the MMR scare has been blamed for a increase in measles, which rose to about 1,000 cases last year compared with 756 cases in 2006, the Health Protection Agency said.
The new research is published today in the journal Archives of Disease in Childhood.
Researchers from Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in London, King’s College London, the University of Manchester and the Health Protection Agency studied almost 250 children aged between 10 and 12, all of whom had been given at least one MMR jab.
They sought to find out through blood samples whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) showed raised concentrations of measles antibodies or an abnormal immune response.
The results showed there was no difference in virus or antibody levels between children with ASD and the comparison groups. This was unaffected by whether or not the child had received both MMR doses or whether or not they had regressed (where children appear to develop communication skills, but then regress).
The study also found no evidence of bowel symptoms (enterocolitis) among the autistic children, irrespective of whether or not they had regression.
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As there is now so much empirical evidence to suggest that the MMR vaccine is safe and effective, is it not time that parents and autism campaigners look to other causes of this terrible condition? Campaigning for further studies to understand autism better and find a cure or preventative measure would be so much more productive than to put all ones efforts behind one tiny piece of science (likely more flawed than all the studies subsequently carried out) that suggested the link. Lay this to rest and look more positively to finding a treatment, who knows what mysteries will be revealed when more research is carried out.
Dan Richards, London, UK
My cousin was a perfectly healthy, normal, bouncing baby until she was vaccinated. Straight after (in the same day and following weeks), she became incredibly ill and is now severely autistic, is 10 years old but has the mental capacity of less than a 2 year old. I realise that this could be a flaw of causation but nevertheless studies must be done of all of these cases to find out the truth. The flaw of causation has also been used to 'prove' that vaccines have lowered diseases such as measles, polio etc, and it needs to be addressed from both sides.
I know personally of numerous cases of people having reactions to vaccinations and it is no wonder when you discover what is in vaccine ingredients. I am glad I have not been vaccinated and personally feel that my good health is probably linked.
Annabelle, Brentwood,
I was shocked and dismayed to find out that this study was done 4/5 years ago. We should not forget that the Wakefield study that was originally done using 12 children was done some 10 years after the MMR had been first administered. These 12 children were only the tip of the iceberg and I am committed to exposing the whole of the iceberg. Imagine allowing a vaccine that showed problems with it earlier from 1988 -1992 to be still given to quite a lot of our children for an amount of time even though it had been taken off the market. You would think that if they had problems with one of the vaccine manufactors they would study the vaccine more in dept that was and still is being given to our children. Thank God I say again that doctors like Wakefield, Walker and others decided to investigate.
Joan Campbell, Glasgow, Scotland
I shake my head in annoyance at this latest flawed study on the MMR vaccine. Again they did a very selective study and covered their backs. I would like to know who these children are that were studied, the autistic and the non autistic groups. I am amazed and shocked at the amount of money and time that has been wasted with all these superficial non truthful studies. As Wendy said in a previous comment why have they not listened at all, to a parent who is telling the truth about their child's devestating reaction to the MMR jab.
Joan Campbell, Glasgow, Scotland
There are now fifteen separate clinical research papers that link regressive autism with the gut condition ilieal-lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (ILNH). Most of these are peer-review published papers, and they involve many more researchers than just Dr. Wakefoeld. There are five further clinical research papers that link the ILNH gut condition with measles virus. And there are five further clinical research papers that link the measles virus strain in the affected children with MMR vaccine.
The latest study by Baird et al does nothing whatever to displace or refute these findings in any way, primarily because the study did not look at the gut, for (quote) "ethical reasons". In the context of the MMR/autism debate, Baird's study is the equivalent of driving north to Scotland to seek the source of the Thames. She and her colleagues looked in the wrong place, found nothing, and (bizarrely) concluded that MMR was safe. It's not.
In the meantime, the damage children pile ever higher...
David Thrower, Stockton Heath, Cheshire, UK
There's only one study I would be interested in and that's a study of all the children who are believed to have been damaged by the MMR vaccine. Ideally this study would not be headed by David Salisbury and would not involve funding from any pharmaceutical company.
Wendy Pickering, West Sussex, England
We no more trust the scientific community than a politician.Categoric statements that BSE could not transfer to humans etc. etc. Drugs that have been withdrawn due to serious adverse effects after supposed stringent testing and on and on.
J Martin, Manchester, England
Forget Wakefield (he recieved funding from the legal aid board and had a study published by the lancet withdrawn for this reason, the results of the study have been repeated by other researchers)!
This however, is what I call a conflict of interest:
Sir Nigel Davis made a crucial judgement on legal aid in the administrative court of the high court.
His brother, Sir Crispin Davis, 58, is non-executive director of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK).He is also chief executive officer of Reed Elsevier, publisher of The Lancet and took up his GSK post just seven months before his younger brother delivered that critical judgement" . The MMR pharmaceutical defendants in the group litigation include SmithKline Beecham and Smith Kline & French Laboratories, which became part of the GSK group in 2000.
joe, london,
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder and cannot be caused by a vaccine, or inflammatory bowel disease. We still do not know why it occurs although recent research has indicated it may be due to a faulty gene/abnormal neuropathology.
The reason for Andrew Wakefield appearing before the GMC is due to the methods he used to obtain blood samples (highly unethical). His initial study involved 12 children, in medical research this is not a sample representative of the autistic population in the UK.
Finally I doubt very much the study that has been published today has not been released 'for propaganda purposes, ahead of the resumption of GMC MMR hearing'. The researchers involved are more than respected in the field of Autism research and would have started the research in response to the claims made by Andrew Wakefield. Which I think you will agree was the right move after such spurious claims.
Please read the published peer reviewed papers.
Louise , Southampton, UK
Most people will not take the time to actually read this piece of research, so find it easy to pick faults.
Also what most people won't consider is all the other evidence which indicates that MMR and autism are unlikely to be linked. They should consider first the implications of what will happen if immunisation levels against measles/mumps and rubella fall. levels of deaths and disabilities would be certain to rise in this case.
amy, Birmingham,
How does this have anything to do with the autism link? I haven't looked at the actual study but from this report they tested antibody levels in children with autism and a control group to find that they both had similar amounts of antibodys and virus levels. So what? I'm pretty sure people don't think autism is caused by the antibodies, even though antibodies historically do not mean immunity.
Nick T., san francisco, california
The study excluded more than 60 per cent of the autistic children in the original study group from review for reason which were not explained. None of the identified autistic children had bowel disease or history of adverse reaction to MMR, the subject of Andrew Wakefield's investigations. This is not a good or useful study, which seems have been held over for several years and is now being released for propaganda purposes, ahead of the resumption of GMC MMR hearing.
John Stone, London, UK