Lewis Smith, Science Reporter
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Bras need a design overhaul if women are to be encouraged to do more sport, researchers have concluded after analysing how breasts move under stress.
Scientists found that during exercise a woman’s breasts move in three dimensions, including forward and back, whereas bras are designed only to stop up and down movement.
An estimated 60 per cent of women suffer breast pain during exercise — even during gentle activity — and others are embarrassed by their breasts bouncing when they run.
Pain caused by breast movement affected women of all cup sizes, whether they were an A-cup or a JJ, Joanna Scurr, of the University of Portsmouth, found. Just as significant, she said, was the finding that breasts move as much during a slow jog as when women are sprinting at top speed.
Dr Scurr said that the design of bras, including sports bras, was unable to cope with the three-dimenional movement which stretched the tissue and caused discomfort. “Bras are designed to support up and down movement,” she said. “We found they move up and down, from side to side, and back and forward. Previous research has only looked at vertical movement, which we found contributes only 50 per cent of the overall movement.
“Breasts move in three dimensions. Current bra design is inadequate and I think it is putting women off exercising. There really are women who want to do exercise but who don’t have the bras to cope. It is only recently that bra design has turned to science. There was no research. It’s like designing a car without first thinking, ‘What is the purpose of this?’ We need to think, why do we need bras? What do we need them to do?”
The sports scientist cited the example of a 16-year-old who gave up basketball — despite being selected to play for her county — because she was unable to find a suitable bra.
Dr Scurr carried out a two-year study into the effects of exercise on breasts, in which 70 women were monitored during a variety of activities. Among the volunteers was a woman with a cup size bigger than the F-cup of Katie Price, the glamour model known as Jordan.
The researchers found that breast movement was determined by muscle levels, mass and the body mass index.
A woman’s breasts moved the same amount in and out, up and down and from side to side when she was walking, they concluded. But when a woman started to jog or run, movement changed to resemble a figure of eight pattern, with 51 per cent of the movement being up and down, 22 per cent side to side and 27 per cent in and out.
They concluded that the best form of support available at present was an encapsulation bra, which had separate moulded cups, rather than a compression bra which flattened the breasts to the chest wall.
Encapsulation bras, said the researchers, allowed each breast to move independently and they provided more sideways support.
In A-cup women, sports bras reduced breast movement by 53 per cent, and in G-cup women by 55 per cent.
Dr Scurr, who is working with bra manufacturers to devise more supportive bras, hopes that the development of “intelligent” fabrics will resolve some of the design problems. She said: “If women wore the correct form of support, the use of pain medication will be reduced and women can be active and lead healthy lives.”
The findings will be presented on Friday at the annual conference of the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences in Bath.

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Women don't get involved in sport because it is not publicised sufficiently in the media. Look at any sports section of any newspaper and you rarely see women actively participating. The support women need is equal coverage - that's what true equality is about.
P.Bennetts, Fleet,
some women are shy to try to join a sports club or team or they don't want to sweat as it takes away from them looking feminine. I experienced this when I was a young girl but I got over it. I met other women involved in sports on this sports community called www.sportme.org and developed friendships and sporting relationships. So its just a matter of gaining self-confidence and not worrying about how you look while playing sports.
Babs, London, London
Try Impact Free by Royce Lingerie for lerger cup sizes - 30-38 D-J cups. It works for me!
Gemma, Oxfordshire,
Surely we can't have evolved not to run? Do you not think that perhaps it's just that we are not used to them bobbling around because we have been holding them in place with bras since the age of 13? Oooh, maybe we were designed not to run! I could get rid of that "I really ought to get off my backside more" guilt! Except I woudl end up rather large.... Bobbly boobs ahoy!
Rachel, London, UK
I bought a sports bra from a very reputable store - I did a half marathon in the bra and end up with scarring for life - they gave me £26.00 compensation!!!
Deanna, London, UK
I do now have a Sports Bra that fits me and that works really well, with no pain..but I found that I needed to go for advice to a supportive online retailer like LessBounce.
Eva Busoni, Dartford, UK
I long ago gave up looking for a bra that actually works for sport. I wear Triumph for day to day, and there are some other brands that I can get away with if I'm not moving around much but frankly, most are a waste of time - even for a busy day at work. The definition of sports bra seems to be "a thing that flattens breasts". They certainly don't support or minimise movement or support, and I've tried on hundreds. I do pilates now, and walking. And sitting still.
Zarich, London, UK
US company called Title 9 (after the national legislation for equity in sports participation for females) specializes in finding bras for use in sport and providing them for sale in their catalogue. Maybe they have an outlet in the UK or there is a similar company where these can be found. They do not appear to have any yet which address the findings of this research however. Good luck to you. I do not have this problem, I have bad knees instead....
Linda, Cohoes NY, US
As a 34FF, there is not a decent bra out there to enable me to run with any comfort at all. I would be happy to participate in studies if it helped to resolve this (maybe all the sports clothing companies are run by men?)
Nicky, Newcastle, UK
Tell me about it, I started exercising again when my daughter was just one week old (she is now 12 weeks) and I was (and still am breastfeeding - trying doing the kind of exercises you need to do to get back into shape after having a baby with breasts that move everywhere in a bra that is not supporting them!
Claire Bentley, Haarlem, Netherlands
I totally agree with this, I wish there was a better bra out there. I even tried clingfilm strapped tight around my chest to obstain from movement, but nothing works!
Good luck in the search - millions of women will be happy!
Ciara, Newmarket, England
As an 30F , I've found that the only bra that works is an American make called an Enell - looks like industrial scaffolding, but there is absolutely NO jiggle whatsoever. I've run marathons in them, as well as shorter faster races. Perfect. The new Shockabsorbers aren't bad either (B4490) and work well for the gym.
Anyone who says the lack of a decent bra is hampering their efforts to get fit is just making excuses. Especially if they're only a A/B cup
More choice would be good though - of course
Ally, London, UK
I regularily go to the gym, and have been doing so for over 4 yrs. In all this time I have been unable to find one decent bra (including those from Shock absorber). Most sports bra's appear to be those small tops that come in Small, Medium and Large, if you look in the mainstream sports shops, or 32B, C and D if you shop in a true bra shop. I am a 28-30E dependant upon brand, and have had to wear a 32D which after 2 weeks has already stretched so is even looser than before. I am now going to look on boobydoo for inspiration, but the sooner this is sorted out the better as it is embarrasing, painful and unnecessary.
Whilst they are at it, is there any chance of getting pockets put into female suits?!?!
anon, London, uk
Of course, there are good bras out there, but you do need to search for them. It is so depressing to go into a normal sports shop and find bras that just go up to a c or d cup. After that you just want to go home and have a glass of wine and packet of crisps in front of the TV.
Alex, München, Germany
You can foget jogging if you're a big busted woman. There are no sports bras made that will support you yet., or other bras for that matter. I look foward to the day when manurfacturers think about what this article has brought up and the limitations that current bra designs create.
L White, Missouri City, Texas,U.S.A.
I think this is right, my daughter spent ages finding a suitable bra and as a promising netball player this began to impact on her enjoyment of her sport - even to the extent real pain. After much trawling we found a suitable sports bra at boobydoo.co.uk but it wasn't easy. I think manufacturers should do more in terms of development for sport - it must be a huge market.
Anna Jenkins, Preston, Lancs
I look forward to what this team can come up with in terms of new bra design. I have never found one that fits me perfectly which allows me to be as active as I wish - I do a lot of jogging & running. Easiest way round the prblem I've found is to double up! Decent sports bra plus a crop top one size smaller over the top. Crude but effective. And minimal expense incurred.
Dee Harriss, Basildon, Essex, England
There is actually already a sports bra brand that does base its designs on science - Shock Absorber. Their sports bras are really supportive and they have a huge range. I believe they go up to a G cup in size.
Daisy, St. Albans,
I was brought to this page because I am searching for a new sports bra. I can't even buy one in my size from any of the major manufacturers because they only go down to a 32 inch and I need a 30. This situation is ridiculous.
Caroline Reid, Birmingham, UK
"Scientists found that during exercise a womanâs breasts move in three dimensions, including forward and back, whereas bras are designed only to stop up and down movement."
If scientists had asked me I could have told them that already - from years of field observations in my local gym.
Roger Darce, Roma, Italy