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Psychologists have found a justification for the male strangehold on Nobel prizes – there are twice as many men as women in the brightest 2% of the population.
But although men may win the top prizes, they cannot claim a clear-cut victory in an intellectual battle of the sexes. The study shows that men also cluster at the opposite extreme, with twice as many men as women stuck in the least intelligent 2%.
Seeking to compare inherent male and female intelligence has proved perilous for academics – last year Lawrence Summers, the president of Harvard, lost his job after he suggested women might not scale the same intellectual heights as men.
Comparisons have been flawed because of the difficulty of accounting for unequal opportunities. But the new findings, in research by four British-based psychologists – all men – claim to untangle the effects of family background.
They analysed the intelligence of more than 2,500 brothers and sisters, measured by tests in science, maths, English and mechanical ability. Women scored significantly higher on language skills; men won on science and arithmetic.
There was no significant difference in the average intelligence of men and women, when all the test results were taken together. However, the analysis showed that men were far more likely to be be found at extremes of the intelligence scale. At the time of the study, men had been awarded 545 out of the 557 Nobel prizes for science.
However, individuals often defy the patterns. Carol Vorderman, the broadcaster – who has a reported IQ of more than 150 – has made a career out of her mathematical skills.
Scientific achievement runs in the Vorderman family, as she reveals on BBC1’s Who Do You Think You Are? this week. Her great-grandfather, Adolphe, helped on work that led to a fellow Dutch scientist winning a Nobel prize for discovering vitamins.
Timothy Bates, a professor of psychology at Edinburgh University, one of the study’s authors, said: “Men were more likely to be both at the very top and at the very bottom.”
One theory holds that men seek to boost their intelligence, to make themselves more attractive to females, while women’s chances of reproducing depend less on their perceived intelligence.
“The female developmental programme may be tilted more towards ensuring survival and [enjoying] the safety of the middle ground,” said Bates.
Experts said the research could not eliminate the fact that, even within a family, boys and girls would be given a different upbringing. Joan Harvey of Newcastle University said: “Men and boys are socialised into higher levels of achievement.”
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It seems that the test was unbalanced in the subjects tested: the subjects that dominated were those that are,historically, male dominated areas of study. It would be more interesting to do this study again a few decades from now as more women are given opportunities and encouragements to participate actively in these fields. It is also interesting that the study chose brothers and sisters, which opens a number of other questions such as, what did parents view as their children's strong subjects? Were the boys and girls exposed to the same toys/games as children? Are they encouraged equally to excel in all subjects? Remember, correlation is not causation...to crown men 'the most intelligent' is hardly accurate. And why we still feel the need to put one sex above the other baffles me.
Alison, Ontario, Canada
Interesting and valid comments that seem to be summed up in the question raised by Connie of Montreal. I cannot improve on it!
However, I would like to add that the issue addressed here is extremely important in human evolution and I hope that researchers do intensify their exploration of this complex facet of human nature. Not so much to find a reasonable answer, but rather to help society expose both genders to the same environments, the same experiences, and the same expectations. It is only then that the full potential of humanity is maximised and, as a bi-product, an unbiased IQ test may be developed.
Monji Mouelhi, Ottawa, Canada
"One theory holds that men seek to boost their intelligence, to make themselves more attractive to females, while womenâs chances of reproducing depend less on their perceived intelligence."
So then, the large amount of men at the bottom of the curve reflects the desire of men to act cool and stupid in order to attract girls?
It is truly astonishing the lengths some people will go to try and explain away sex differences.
Douglas Petkoff, San Diego, CA
"One theory holds that men seek to boost their intelligence, to make themselves more attractive to females, while womenâs chances of reproducing depend less on their perceived intelligence."
So then, the large amount of men at the bottom of the curve reflects the desire of men to act cool and stupid in order to attract girls?
It is truly astonishing the lengths some people will go in order to try to explain away sex differences--and racial ones. The finding that men dominate both ends of the intelligence curve is uncontroversial and has been known for years.
What we have here is another study trying to subtly introduce into the public consciousness information that an egalitarian mentality must swallow only in very small doses lest it become so sick that it vomit the information back at its dispenser with cries of 'sexism!'--that supposedly Victorian poison of the social body.
Douglas, San Diego, San Diego
Interesting and valid comments that seem to be summed up in the question raised by Connie of Montreal. I cannot improve on it!
However, I would like to add that the issue addressed here is extremely important in human evolution and I hope that researchers do intensify their exploration of this complex facet of human nature. Not so much to find a reasonable answer, but rather to help society expose both genders to the same environments, the same experiences, and the same expectations. It is only then that the full potential of humanity is maximised and, as a bi-product, an unbiased IQ test may be developed.
Monji Mouelhi (male), Ottawa, Canada.
Monji Mouelhi, Ottawa, Canada
Perhaps, for early humans, it had survival value for as many women as possible to breed, but it wasn't necessary for all the men to breed; the most successful men could partner more than one woman, as often happens today in practice, while other men could 'fall by the wayside'. On the other hand, it was of benefit to have some 'extreme' people who might invent new things, ensure survival in the toughest times etc. Evolution would tend to make men more 'extreme' (both better and worse) and women less so.
Frank Upton, Solihull,
Interesting and valid comments that seem to be summed up in the question raised by Connie of Montreal. I cannot improve on it!
However, I would like to add that the issue addressed here is extremely important in human evolution and I hope that researchers do intensify their exploration of this complex facet of human nature. Not so much to find a reasonable answer, but rather to help society expose both genders to the same environments, the same experiences, and the same expectations. It is only then that the full potential of humanity is maximised and, as a bi-product, an unbiased IQ test may be developed.
Monji Mouelhi, Ottawa, Canada
Who is deciding what criteria is used to measure IQs?
Connie, Montreal,
I belive women are much smarter than man. Its like men are stronger than women (there are women stronger than men but genitics" and women is smarter than men
sara, yellow, USA
Totally agree, I heard about this years ago. Writer trying to makes headlines by suggesting it was new. It's been newly confirmed in a recent study. But people like what is new and only read that.
Andrew Norris, Warrington, UK
This has been a basic in the stats textbooks for years. Men differ from each other more than women: thy populate the extremes of the bell curve more than women. This is why extreme successes and extreme failures tend to be male, and it's also the reason why the "glass ceiling" holding women back is a myth. Just as there's no glass ceiling keeping women from the top positions, there's no glass floor preventing them from being among the greatest failures.
John Ledbury, Kings Lynn, England
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