Lewis Smith, Science Reporter
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An infant planet thought to have been born less than ten million years ago has been identified by astronomers.
The planet is the youngest yet discovered and is in a solar system still being formed from cosmic dust and gas. Despite being a baby, chronologically speaking, it is vast in comparison with Earth and has been classified as a giant planet. Astronomers reckon that it has a mass 3,115 times that of our own planet and 9.8 times that of Jupiter.
Previously the youngest planet to have been identified was an estimated 100 million years old. Earth is calculated to be 4.5 billion years old.
The new planet orbits an infant star, called TW Hydrae (TW Hya), which is thought to have formed between eight and ten million years ago.
The planet would have formed shortly after the birth of the star and it is possible that other planets are forming within the disc. The star is 180 million light years from Earth. On Earth at that time, chimpanzees were splitting from gorillas to form a branch of the ape family tree that led to the evolution of human beings. Dinosaurs had been extinct for 50 million years.
The new planet is 3.7 million miles from its parent star – compared with the 93 million miles between Earth and the Sun – and takes a mere 3.56 days to complete an orbit around TW Hya.
Star systems are thought to form amid clouds of dust and gas, and the discovery of the planet is expected to provide insights into the mechanisms.
The researchers demonstrated that the new planet, TW Hya b, had formed within the first ten million years of the star system’s formation, before stellar winds and radiation could dissipate the clouds.
The process of formation of TW Hya is still continuing and is thought to be nearly complete. There is a gap of 5.6 million miles between the star and the inside edge of the disc of clouds surrounding it.
The planet lies between the disc and the star and it was the absence of gas or dust in the gap where it orbits that helped to alert astronomers. Vast discs of dust and as are thought to form stars and planets because microscopic specks of matter bump into each other to create lumps that eventually become big enough to form cores.
Researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, in Germany, reported their discovery in the journal Nature. They said: “There is a general consensus that planets form within discs of dust and gas around newly born stars. Details of their formation process, however, are a matter of debate. The timescale of planet formation remains unclear, so the detection of planets around young stars with protoplanetary discs is potentially of great interest. Hitherto, no such planet has been found.”
An alternative theory is that gravitational anomalies within the disc of dust and gas cause giant planets to form.

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Not a Physics PHD just a geek, UK, UK, to correct you, the speed of light in a vacuum is 300000000 m/s (3x10^8 m/s).
The Earth sun distance is 149 598 000 000 m or 1AU and so it takes about 8 mins for the Sun's light to reach us here on Earth.
Dale, Winston-Salem, NC, USA - its a matter of formation and semantics so its a planet.
Astronomer, uk,
Yes Krishna from London, you clever, clever person - OF COURSE a planet 10 times the size of Jupiter will be visible to the naked eye... from a distance of a mere 180 000 000 light years.
Now why don't you go outside and have a look for this newly-discovered planet we were all so silly to miss and let us know when you find it.
Antony M., Surrey, UK
The actual error in the article is that the star is 180 light years away, not 180 million light years. There's no way that current telescopes could detect a planet at the latter distance.
Kevin W. Parker, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Excuse me but this article needs correcting:
If the planet is 180 million ly from earth then we are looking back into our past 180 million years.
180 million years ago there were no primates on earth. Primates evolved no more recently than about 30 million years ago.
Correction please.
MIke Morris, London,
Well, Evan and Tim, language breaks down a bit when it comes to relativistic effects. The image we see tells us what the system "was" like 180 million years ago, when the light we see today started out on its journey. At that point, the planet "was" 10 million years old.
On the other hand, we usually talk about things we can see happening now in the present tense. We see the planet - it is 10 million years old.
If I look across the room I see the wall as it "was" a few billionths of a second ago - it takes that amount of time for the light to get here from there. On larger scales the principle is the same but it seems more confusing.
Jamie Gilmour, Bolton, UK
Sorry 187,000 meters P/s and its a a doctorate of physics that I'm looking for incase there are witty retorts
Not a Physics PHD just a geek, UK, UK
To Tim,
A light year is how long light travels in a year, this I roughly worked out as six million,million miles in one of our years, or 365.25 days (light travels at approximately 187 Meters P/S) so it wouldn't literally take it 180M years to get here. The Sun is, I have been told, 9.3M miles from earth and another rough calculation has told me that this would take about 19 of our years for the light to get here, I would have thought that the scientists have used the method of dectection where by they actually seen the 'shadow' of the planet passing between us and it's sun (like a lunar eclispe). I would be interested myself to hear from a Physics Dotorate on this matter though as i am only an interested Geek of sorts.
Not a Physics PHD just a geek, UK, UK
Tim & Evan,
It means the planet is now 190 million years old but we see it as it was when it was a mere 10 miliion years old.
MK, Epsom, UK
@ Evan
Remember that time & distance are effectively synonymous at these scales - When we see the planet 'now' we're seeing it as it was 180m years ago - what's 'now' for us is no longer 'now' for the object we're looking at.
Mikey, Bromley, Kent
I was going to write exactly what Tim from Lancaster wrote. How on earth do we know it exists if it is so new and yet so far away?!
Evan Dubrant, BC, Canada
Is it a high-mass planet or a low-mass brown dwarf?
Dale, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
In reply to Krishna, the planet would be big enough to see if it was in a similar position to Jupiter. However, this planet is in orbit of another star, much much more distant than Jupiter (it takes minutes for light from Jupiter to travel the distance to Earth, it takes 180 million years for light from the star this planet orbits to travel the distance from there to here). The stars themselves are considerably larger than Jupiter and extremely bright, their distance makes them appear smaller in the sky and their brightness impedes searches for planets orbitting around them. Plus there's a lot of stars out there to search, which is why it took so long to find this one.
Philip Stobbart, London, England
Well, if it's only ten million years old, and 180 million light years away, then we won't be able to see it for another 170 million years.
Tim, Lancaster,
I find this quite fascinating but why have the reseacher just discovered it now. According the the calculations, for example; 9.8 times of the planet Jupiter. This would probably be big enough to see.
krishna, London, United kingdom