Rob Crilly in Dar es Salaam and Jan Raath in Harare
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Zimbabwe’s neighbours fell in behind the brutal regime of Robert Mugabe yesterday and demanded that the West lift all sanctions on his country.
With opposition growing at home and a crumbling economy, pressure was mounting on the heads of surrounding states to urge their friend and comrade to reconsider his position. But in a communiqué issued at the end of what was billed as a make-or-break summit of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), 14 leaders reaffirmed their solidarity with the veteran President of Zimbabwe.
Their words will come as a crushing blow to campaigners who believed the tide to be turning against his increasingly autocratic 27-year rule.
Mr Mugabe smiled as he pushed past rorters in the Tanzanian capital, Dar es Salaam, and declared himself satisfied. “Excellent meeting,” he cried, clapping his hands gleefully, before climbing into a waiting limousine.
The one concrete result of the meeting was the appointment of President Mbeki of South Africa — criticised by many for choosing the path of “quiet diplomacy” on Zimbabwe — to help to encourage dialogue between Mr Mugabe and his Opposition.
As that decision was being announced, nine activists of the opposition Movement for Democratic Change were brought to court in Harare in connection with a series of petrol bombings, lawyers said. One, Alec Muchadehama, confirmed that seven were being held on allegations of attempted murder.
Ian Makone, an MDC national executive member, was accused of having an unlicensed pistol. Another official faces charges of illegal possession of explosives. Mr Makone has had to be treated in hospital for injuries allegedly caused by police assault since October. It is not clear if he was assaulted in his latest spell in police cells.
The magistrate ordered all nine to be held in custody overnight after lawyers said that they had been denied access and had been unable to take instructions. An application to the Harare High Court demanding the release of opposition activists was filed yesterday, but lawyers were still waiting for a hearing as night fell.
Police said that nine bombings had been carried out since March 12, which had injured two people, both police officers, with severe facial burns. They reported that four police stations had been hit, as well as township homes or shops of members of Mr Mugabe’s ruling Zanu (PF) party.
A passenger train, a railway line and, in the latest attack on Wednesday night, a fuel tanker had been targeted. Only minor damage had been reported. All but one of the attacks — in the western city of Bulawayo — have been in Harare.
The MDC has denied government charges that it is mounting a “terror bombing campaign”. Police swooped in Harare on Wednesday, raiding about 20 homes before dawn and MDC headquarters at lunchtime, arresting about another 60 people.
Mr Mugabe’s Government has faced mounting criticism from Western countries, which have already imposed a broad array of sanctions on his regime, especially since the arrest and beating of Morgan Tsvangirai, the MDC leader, this month. Mr Tsvangirai was said to have been among those arrested at the headquarters, but was released for medical treatment, still suffering from dizziness from his original beating.
At the end of the two-day SADC meeting, its chairman, President Kikwete of Tanzania, said that Zimbabwe was characterised by confrontation.
“We have the Opposition complaining that their democratic rights have been infringed and we have a Government also complaining,” he said. “And we have an Opposition engaging in violence.” He added that dialogue was the only way forward.
Mr Mugabe had outlined Zimbabwe’s economic state to the 13 other representatives of Southern African nations, blaming “illegal” sanctions imposed by the West for spiralling inflation — of 1,700 per cent — and a lack of basic commodities.
He also detailed plans to bring forward parliamentary elections slated for 2010 so that they would coincide with next year’s presidential vote.
The MDC’s leading faction reacted angrily last night to the outcome of the summit. Tendai Biti, the MDC secretary-general, demanded to know why the summit leaders had failed to condemn the recent wave of violent repression against the Opposition.
“I don’t hear them condemning the violence, the state of emergency, the banning of public meetings,” Mr Biti said. “I’m very sceptical.”
The neighbours
— Southern African Development Community formed as Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference in 1980, with nine members
— Adopted its present name in 1992
— The headquarters are in Gaborone, Botswana
— Total membership is 14 countries, numbering more than 200 million people
— It approved military intervention in Lesotho in 1998 to restore order after an army mutiny
— It approved a new security pact in 2003
Source: Reuters, SADC
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Damn those evil, racist, white people!
Oh wait...
Nionya, New York, NY
As someone stated earlier, it will be next to impossible to obtain censure on this madman. The African countries are 'circling their wagons' protecting a 'strong' Black leader from the white imperialists of the West. They are endorsing this madman's 'resource-grab' lock, stock and barrel by so doing.
In my opinion, this very same scenario could play itself out in South Africa where a similar 'resource-grab' took place under the guise of 'equality' and fairness. What an example of Black racism. Let's characterise it for what it is.
Robert Beck, Nashville, USA
As a proud South African, I am saddened and embarrassed by the reaction of my country. South Africa was supposed to be a regional power in Southern Africa, using its relatively powerful economic position and legitimate democracy to help stabilise its neighbours.
Where is our democratic machinery? Why is no one in South Africa speaking out? It is so frustrating to be faced with this immense silence and inactivity. For Heaven's sake, will SOMEONE in that country stand up and say that what is happening across the border is wrong! Where is the judiciary? Where is the Church? Where are the NGO's and pressure groups? Where is the press?
Marco, Johannesburg,
Stop all "aid" forthwith.
Tom Katz, Weybridge, UK
It will be interesting to see in time how credible South Africa's democracy is, if a viable alternative to the ANC emerges. Somehow I believe that the ANC will follow the example of Mugabe's Zanu PF.
Martin, Cambridge, UK
When it comes to African politics, no one can claim to be an expert. Most people had wrongfully predicted that the SADC leaders would come hard on Mugabe. Things don't just work out like that. I live in Harare myself, and I know the majority will not agree with me when I say the opposition here is not up to scratch. The fight amongst themselves when they are not fighting against the regime. They have people in parliament , chosen in an election whose result they do not recognise.
And Mugabe 'loyalists' wont agree with me when I say the old man should step down, if not only because he is past his retirement age. Great torchbearers are known for passing the flame on. Leadership is like a relay; do your lap, and hope the next sprinters will do the best they can.
Tsvangirayi could be the next President of Zimbabwe, but he should learn not to play to the gallery. He has a strong charactrer and should not allow himself to be patronised by whoever, especially the likes of Kate Hoey.
Mutambandadya, Harare,
For too long other African countries have failed to put pressure on Zimbabwe, in particular South Africa has failed. The attack by African states on the West using outdated expressions such as colonist policies is pointless & only serves as an attempted excuse for their own ineptitude.
We should cut aid to all these states that do not support us, why should we give
taxpayers money to those who not help themselves or us. In the end they have to stand on their own feet & are responsible for their own actions.
AS, Doncaster, UK
another clanger being dropped. africa does not care about zimbabwe. zimbabwe cares about africa. poor people of zimbabwe have been left to endure so long on their own. the west cant help, they say its an african problem. mugabe has been an expert and a mechanic in fixing the concept that he has the full support of his efrican colleagues never mind ZANU PF . the legacy of mugabe will carry on because we now live in a selfish world.
WILL, LEICESTER, UK
With leaders like these there is clearly no hope for the ordinary people of Africa. However much money the world community pumps in, notthing will change while Africa's leaders have such a disregard for the well being of their own people.
Andrew Brown, derby, UK
Rob, the appointment of Thabo to mediate on zimbabwe is no concrete result. It is an insult in the face of Africans by their african leaders. This is a tired, tried-and-tested-and-failed initiative. Put simply, the meeting was a failure. Its back to the drawing board as desperation edges zimbabweans towards civil war. Mark my words.
Wiriranai, Perth,
I am so sad for this country. If you ever knew anybody from Zimbabwe then you would have seen they were the nicest people you ever meet, black or white. It was not the farmers fault they owned farms in Zim. Mugabe made that agreement with them, then was slack in implementing a land transferal system. How do you in good conscience destroy people, whether they oppose your ideals or not. Please Africa, don't save Zimbabwe, save Africans in Zimbabwe. People that have a right to exist, and you have a duty as leaders to preserve life. Why allow the misery when you have the power to make a difference. Do you have love or compassion for your fellow man at all?
Creigh, Johannesburg, South Africa
Most African 'leaders' are the same as (ex-)communists - they never recognize a fault in their partners in crime.
After all, if they would, their own people might be next in line to demand democracy and sound government. And boy, would that be inconvenient...
Africa is a lost continent, not so much because of it's colonial past, but because of the continued incompetence and egoism of it's 'leaders'.
Bill, Bristol, UK
BASKET CASE? The only thing left of the "food basket of Africa" is the basket. I will be branded a racist on any issue I raise but it appears the "racist white man" has been feeding Africa with money and food for so long that the majority of the people wants the white man back. Sad that no racist will return to the basket case.
Sir Roy, Johannesburg, SA
The devil will have to buy iceskates before africa will condem an african, i sure hope no one was surprised by the outcome of the SADC conference, it is a well known fact that no matter how brutal, corrupt ,undemocratic or just plain useless a government is it will always be supported to the max.
The reason behind that is that it is not their fault, it is a legacy of colonialism or apartheid or any other form of exploitation or injustice visited upon africa by the western powers.
As long as African leaders refuse to take responsebility for their actions nothing will change, and africa will continue on the road to poverty.
If nothing else good come out of colonialism at least it provided a convienient excuse for for any wrong doing
Jurgen Kilanowski, Johannesburg, South Africa
As I commented a couple of days ago, I was not going to hold my breath for an outcome from the SADC meeting which would see the start of any action to relieve the situation in Zimbabwe. Sadly, I was right.
The SADC is now complicit in the unfolding disaster. To me the obvious answer is to impose sanctions on all the member countries, but guess what? I am not holding my breath on that either. Perhaps we should just write off the poor people in Zimbabwe. We can be sure that they will not be allowed to starve to death peacefully. They will be beaten, imprisoned and tortured as well.
I could weep.
William McGregor, Melbourne, Australia
I didn't expect much from this conference, and they produced far less than I expected. Apparently it's all right for native Africans to destroy your own people if you liberated them from colonialism in the first place .We will soon have another failed state in Africa, but in this case one that once was one of the brightest stars of the continent. It remains to be seen if Mugabe can exceed Germanys post WW1 inflation, or surpass Cambodias killing fields. Given the track record so far, I'm not inclined to bet against him on either one.
Robert, Starke, Florida