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Almost a third of Uganda’s bird life could lose its habitat in a protected forest if the Government goes ahead with plans to allow sugar cane growers to tear down trees and cultivate plantations for biofuel production.
Mabira Forest is home to several endangered species including Nahan’s francolin, a partridge-like bird found in pairs in the darkest, densest, dampest parts of the tropical jungle. Nine primate species, including the recently discovered grey-cheeked mangabey, would also lose their habitat. Conservationists believe that dozens more species of international significance, including plants with medicinal properties, may live in the 75,000-acre (30,000ha) reserve only 20 miles (30km) from Kampala, the capital.
Chris Magin, the RSPB international officer for Africa, said: “Slicing up Mabira would be an environmental disaster and makes no economic sense at all. Sugar production in Uganda is hugely inefficient and has to be heavily subsidised to be competitive.”
The reserve forms part of the Guinea Congo Forest in Central Africa, one of the most important wild-life habitats in the region, with at least 300 species of birds. Mabira is supposed to be protected in return for £180 million of World Bank funding for construction of the controversial Bujagali hydroelectric dam on the River Nile close to Lake Victoria.
Last year President Museveni ordered a study into whether to allow the Mehta Group, which has close ties to his Government, to use about a quarter of the forest for sugar. The plans provoked widespread hostility. First the Government dismissed its entire National Forestry Authority after members unanimously opposed the clearance. Then in April a demonstration organised by environmentalists spiralled into racial violence directed against Mehta, who are of Ugandan-Indian origins. Protesters attacked a Hindu temple in Kampala and Asian bystanders were stoned. Three people died before police restored order by firing live rounds.
The protests prompted ministers to announce a review of the decision but conservationists believe that President Museveni will forge ahead with the plan once international attention has waned after the Commonwealth heads of government meeting in Kampala in November.
Destruction of even a quarter of the forest would have a devastating effect on soil erosion, rivers and the local economy, according to a survey conducted by environmentalists at NatureUganda. They point out that eco-tourism is the second-largest foreign exchange earner in Uganda, with 62 per cent of income coming from visits to the unique landscape of Mabira.
Achilles Byaruhanga, the executive director of the organisation, said: “Mabira is a biodiversity heaven and conserving it is a much better option than growing sugar cane.”
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I visited this reserve 6 years ago. It was clear then that sugar cane was already in the ascendency - Mabira is an island of forest in an already huge swathe of cane plantation.
It is necessary for the poorer states to develop and remove people from poverty, but sugar cane doesnt achieve that. Judging by the shanties in the area it causes it, by encouraging migrant workers who are - judging by living conditions - paid very little.
If the eco-tourist dollar is so mighty, Uganda should be one the richest of states. Its surviving wildlife is awesome - one of the true biodiversity hotspots of the world. Yet it doesnt seem to be happening - lending sway to the government's argument. Uganda has suffered from past civil war and unrest, and doesnt have the tourist infrastructure that neighbouring countries - Kenya, Tanzania - have.
It is a fantastic country with fantastic wildlife. Go and visit and improve the Eco-tourism economy to the point where these arguments dont happen
Nigel Symes, Bedford,
It is sad that most of the noise about Mabira give-away is being made by âWesternersâ and Western sponsored NGOs. To my mind, there is nothing wrong with cutting down a forest to give way to industrialisation. Africaâs problem is not lack of forests or birds - Africa lacks factories! Bear in mind that it is easier to plant trees than find investors to put up factories. Only those without a vision can't see this. In addition, destroying Mabira is a cheaper way of controlling bird flue. In March this year the EU extend the ban on trade in wild birds on health grounds âbird flue to be specific. Destroying Mabira, is a less costly way of controlling bird flue i.e. will deny migratory birds that fly in from Europe during winter a home and quash the potential of the deadly bird flu virus spreading and decimating the Ugandan population . Say no eco-imperialism! To president Museveni go ahead with your plans - that is the right way forward.
Abidnigo Mutekwa, Harare, Zimbabwe
It worries me to see that governments focus only on activities that willsure damage our planet.. I even though understand that that we all need energy to keep this system rolling. Why does the smart ones of countries to not focus on the future ?.
I do hope that this particular government can be made aware of the need to conserve what they have.
Fuel even if it is green, will bring more much more damage to our society. It will promote the race to comfort what some of us cannot effort.
As you stated bio fuel will be heavely subsediced by the government.So what is the competition? It is not a win win situation for that country. Gents, they better focus on a clear distribution of what is now affailable.
Safe the fauna and you will save life.
Think ahead and our children will be proud to have had ancesters.
Negociate with realy green orgnizations and look what benefits you . DO NOT WASTE YOUR FOREST.
Do not create environments for snakes and other unwelcome wild life. Think ahead
Stan Power, Paramaribo, Suriname