Catherine Philp, Diplomatic Correspondent and Michael Evans, Defence Editor
Download 'Too Hot', an exclusive Specials track from iTunes
If military force were to be sanctioned, liberating the Sirius Star and its $100 million cargo of oil would still prove a daunting mission for even the most sophisticated navy.
None of the governments that have sent warships to the region seems willing to use force to free the supertanker, preferring instead to see the matter settled by ransom negotiations. Both the US Navy Seals and Britain’s M Squadron, the Special Boat Service’s maritime counter-terrorist unit, have the expertise and training to infiltrate a hijacked ship covertly. “The risks are just too great,” said Lee Willett, a maritime security expert at the Royal United Services Institute. “I don’t think there is a real military option. It’s now more a matter of negotiating the size of the ransom.”
A commando raid would be hard to justify unless the hostages’ lives were imperilled, given the potential for large-scale loss of life. In addition, the legal implications are tangled.
France is the only country that has used commando forces to capture Somali pirates – once chasing them on to the Somali shore after a French luxury yacht and crew had been freed, and a second time covertly boarding a small yacht to free a French couple from their dozing captors.
Both times, ransom payments had been made, reducing the chances of a fightback from pirates who thought that their task was done. And because the crafts and crews were French and Paris had Mogadishu’s permission, all governments involved had consented.
Even then, 12 pirates arrested in the first incident remain stranded in France amid a legal battle over Paris’s jurisdiction to try their cases. Seven arrested in the second incident were handed over to Mogadishu for trial – a move that the Foreign and Commonwealth Office has explicitly cautioned against for fear of how the pirates would be treated.
The Foreign Office has warned the Royal Navy not to bring pirates back to Britain where they could attempt to seek asylum or take action over the legalities of their detention – hence the Navy’s decision this week to deposit its recently captured pirates in Kenya.
A raid would require the permission of the Government whose flag it flies under, Liberia; the Government of the country that owns it, Saudi Arabia; the operating company, Vela International; and the governments of each hostage on board – Britain, Poland, Croatia and the Philippines. With the option to resolve the standoff peacefully, it is unlikely that permission would be granted, given the potential loss of life and the cargo of two million barrels of crude oil, with its potential to create an environmental disaster.
Shipping experts agree that prevention is the key. Security companies have devised a whole range of nonlethal deterrents, from high-powered hoses to electric rails around the deck. The Sirius Star had none of these – no one suspected that pirates could board such an enormous vessel.
Some are looking to Asia for lessons. Piracy there has fallen more than a third since 2006, partly because of the actions of committed and resource-rich governments that are determined to defend the lucrative route through the Malacca Straits. Most incidents in that region are small-scale attacks to loot or steal vessels, unlike those off the Somali coast in which crews and vessels are held for huge ransoms.
Satellite-tracking devices have led to a high rate of retrieval for stolen ships, deterring hijacks. In addition, the far greater stability of SouthEast Asian nations makes the weaponry used by the Somalis far harder to come by, and limits their chances of finding sanctuary on shore.
Win a luxury weekend to Newcastle and its neighbour Gateshead, find out more here
Risk, resilience and embracing new technology
Industry sectors news at a glance. Interactive heatmap, video and podcast
Discover the power of collective thinking. Submit a solution and be in with a chance to win a Media Hub Home Entertainment System
The inside track on current trends in the charity, not for profit and social enterprise sectors
Everything the Business Traveller needs to know to make a better trip
Make the most of the summer and enter our fabulous photographic competition, you could win a £5000 holiday
Corsica is an island of beauty and contrast, an ideal holiday destination
Enjoy further reading from Travel to Fashion, Business to Sport, discover more
Shortcuts to help you find sections and articles
The clever way to lease a new car is with Car leasing made simple™
2009
per month on 36-month
Personal Contract Hire (PCH)
2008
42850
Car Insurance
£24,250 - £30,346
MI5
London
£60,000
The Environment Agency
Bristol
Up to £90K
Boots
Midlands
OTE £85k
Credit Protection Association
Nationwide Opportunities
Completely London
Luxury Condo's in Manhattan with NYC views
The best new homes in Wimbledon?
Nationwide
Fabulous Cruise And Cruise & Stay Offers Including Virgin Atlantic Flights Prices Start From Only £699pp!
Last Minute Cruise And Cruise & Stay Offers. Med From £499pp, Caribbean From £699pp!
5 star quality at a 3 star price.
8 fabulous Canadian cities ...you won’t find cheaper
Contact our advertising team for advertising and sponsorship in Times Online, The Times and The Sunday Times, or place your advertisement.
Times Online Services: Dating | Jobs | Property Search | Used Cars | Holidays | Births, Marriages, Deaths | Subscriptions | E-paper
News International associated websites: Globrix Property Search | Property Finder | Milkround
Copyright 2009 Times Newspapers Ltd.
This service is provided on Times Newspapers' standard Terms and Conditions. Please read our Privacy Policy.To inquire about a licence to reproduce material from Times Online, The Times or The Sunday Times, click here.This website is published by a member of the News International Group. News International Limited, 1 Virginia St, London E98 1XY, is the holding company for the News International group and is registered in England No 81701. VAT number GB 243 8054 69.
I hope they get every cent that they are asking for!
Bob John, costa mesa , Orange
Wait, Isn't it just us dumb consumers who pay? The insurance companies & the shippers just add the cost to the product. Comando raids on oil tankers are for the movies.
Wayne, Baton Rouge, USA
I can't believe our goverment is worried about what would happen to these pirates if they are returned to Mogadishu for trial. Since when did they worry about their hostages. Its about time we considered the victims and not the terrorists, which is what these people are.
Les , Kent, UK
This problem will not go away unless something is done to deny the pirates freedom of movement and action! The armada of ships mentioned by the foriegn secretary is, quite frankly a pathetic deterrent especially when you consider the size of the gulf of Aden. HMS Cumberland should be congratulated.
Sam Darwin , mombassa, Kenya
When will the FCO stop hiding behind the European Human Rights Act in order to stop any effective anti piracy program.
Any pirates who are arrested should be returned to their own countries to face their own justice systems.
Mike, Paris, France
The pirates are well organised and they are sending a message that the international community has failed to decode. The only solution is to support a viable democratic Somali government . If not done soon they will call on the shores of North sea.
Dr Abdi Greek, London, U.K
There must be some kind of 'blanket bomb' you could newk them with for a while just to stabilise the the situation long enough to get aboard and re- newk them. Come on you guys, get creative!
Richard, Folkestone, U.K.
I do have to chuckle, we see all these Hollywood films where they can scan some master terrorist's eyeball from space and when it comes down to it - its all too difficult.
Surely pirate mother ships can be tracked from port by drones or satellites and then intercepted on the high seas?
Patrick, Brighton,
It sounds as though all concerned have surrendered to the pirates, and this article has, kindly, notified them. Why do the UK, US, et al spend a fortune on armed forces, including a navy that cannot be used? Care should be taken, if the pirates are "captured", that none of them makes it to the UK
Bill Peter, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
They are shimmying up the side. Replace the ships' railings with barbed wire. Its not foolproof but it has to help.
evan, east lyme,
Multiply the probability of a boat being hijacked in a year by the yearly cost of putting professional security on the ship (probably 80-100K/year/man, times a dozen or people).
It's cheaper to pay a couple million ransom than to pay security to protect your ship. Tell the military to go home.
Ben, Pittsburgh, USA
They can sneak on the tanker. They aren't going to announce their plans ahead of time. At any rate, the place to fight these pirates is not while they are on a tanker.
Get them off the tanker by paying them and then follow who gets the money and hunt them down until they are all "captured".
RobinC, Surrey, Canada
you would think a vessel carrying $100 million worth of cargo would have some sort of defence at all times, they have quite literally sailed through unsafe waters with a bank vault onboard with the door swinging wide open.
Jamie, Torbay, UK
Why can not they spray some heavy dose of non lethal sleeping gas to incapacitate pirates and then have quick commando action to seize the ship?
DPS, Mohali, India
I say arm the ships with a 57mm canon and when said small boat(s) appear, fire an air burst till they leave or...
To be honest though, I'm thinking maybe I should move to Somalia while the gettings good.
anon, anon,
I agree with Sandra, blow them out of the water. As ruthless as they are, sometimes fighting fire with fire is the only way!
Don, Milwaukee, USA
So these 'highly-trained,' 'best of the best', 'gung-ho' military units are really a waste of time?
I guess it is only in Hollywood and fictional novels that they win. But kudos to the Indian Navy for direct action - twice.
Richard, Kanagawa,
These pirates thumb their noses at international law and run unchallanged on the high seas. It's time to get tough and the owners of these ships must supply armed guards to sail with the ships and blow these people out of the water. How can the civilized world stand by when these thugs run wild.
John Fish, Toronto, Canada
The solution is harsh but necessary: all ships should carry a small professional heavily armed contingent, who at the first sign of an attack should do what the Indian Navy did - blow the pirates out of the water. The ship owners either pay a ransom or pay people to protect their ships.
Sandra Hill, London , UK