Michael Smith
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Nimrod flight safety investigation report; and for more detail, see Mick Smith's defence blog
THE station commander of a Nimrod spyplane that exploded over Afghanistan warned a year earlier that an “unexpected failure” was likely with a similar ageing plane already 10 years past its out-of-service date.
The comments were made in August 2005 at the end of an internal report into a leak of superheated air in the bomb bay of a Nimrod.
In the report, an unnamed group captain says the leak was “a particular concern as the ageing Nimrod MR2 is extended beyond its original out-of-service date” of 1995.
The leak of the hot air was not the first time there had been an unforeseen failure of a piece of equipment on board a Nimrod “in recent months” as a direct result of the aircraft’s age, he added.
“This incident highlights that it is particularly important that all who are involved in operating ageing aircraft be aware of the potential for failure in areas not previously subject to inspection regimes,” he said. “The unexpected failure should be ever at the forefront of our minds.”
Just over a year later, on September 2, 2006, another Nimrod exploded over Kandahar in southern Afghanistan killing all 14 servicemen on board. It was 37 years old and should have been among the first to be retired.
The government admitted last week there had been 52 leakages of fuel on board Nimrods in the six months leading up to the Afghanistan explosion.
A leak of fuel caused by pressure during air-to-air refuelling is believed to be the cause of the fire that set off the explosion.
Internal documents show that at least three of the previous leaks involved hundreds of gallons pouring along the inside fuselage and out of the rear of the aircraft.
The inquiry into the leak of hot air, which took place in November 2004, is believed to have been a central part of the investigation into what ignited leaking fuel on board XV230, the tail number of the aircraft that exploded over Afghanistan.
Air Chief Marshal Sir Glenn Torpy, chief of the air staff, said earlier this month that he was “very concerned” about the fuel leaks on the aircraft but it was “as safe as it needs to be”.
The Ministry of Defence said: “The Nimrod has an excellent safety record and is airworthy and fit to fly.”
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I remember the in-flight refueling solution being installed on Nimrods during the Falklands war. I was at NLS (Nimrod Line Squadron) at the time and being deployed regularly to Ascension Is on the modified airframes.
They used salvaged V-bomber refuel probes with 2 large diameter "rubber" hoses (from fuel tankers) running along the main cabin floor, finally entering the tanks beneath the aft floor... It was common knowledge that the system as a whole was always pretty sensitive to overly rapid fueling and the pressure that entailed - especially in flight.
It was pretty "Heath-Robinson" and when the system wasn't working well, we could feel the fuel sloshing around in the pipes if we stood on them. That was 1982 and IF the setup is still basically the same then it would not surprise me if it had deteriorated to failure after such a long time. Recalling the obsession with costs, I wouldn't be surprised if the failed system was the original install from 20-odd years ago.
John R, Auburn, WA
Sorry Cris Whetton, but the unnamed Group Captain is a "flyer" not an engineer
Jimmy Jones, Bristol,
The big question is why our government opted to rebuild the Nimrods, instead of using modern airframes? So at huge cost we are putting back into the air 50 year old airframes with new wings, but with the old stressed internal pipe work still onboard. Rather more pertinent than Mr Whetton's pedentry.
Neil Marshall, Cambridge, UK
Sir,
the unnamed group captain probably had training in reliability engineering, which Michael Smith apparently has not. There are basically two types of failure: those which occur at random and those which occur because of wear-out. The latter can be predicted; the former, by definition, cannot. Random failures cannot be prevented by inspection; wear-out failures can. The problem is that while some parts, such as bearings, are known to wear out and are therefore inspected regularly, fuel tanks and piping are not normally expected to wear. The group captain correctly predicted that new types of failure would become apparent, but in no sense was any specific failure predicted.
Sincerely,
Cris Whetton
CEO ility Engineering (The last word in reliability, maintainability, etc.)
Cris Whetton, Tampere, Finland
The air to air refueling system was only meant as a temp measure for the falklands war not as a standard issue.
The RAF have us made awacs..
MrMR, Bath, UK