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China has tightened restrictions on travel by foreigners in the restive Himalayan region of Tibet after five American activists unfurled a banner at the foot of Mount Everest to protest against the staging of the 2008 Olympics in Beijing.
The new rules came into effect after the week-long May Day holiday, according to an official with the state-run China Travel Service in Lhasa, the Tibetan capital.
She said: “We can’t let foreign tourists just go anywhere by themselves. In the past they could be left alone to travel independently as they wanted for a few days. Now this is not allowed any more.”
The restrictions will also stop foreigners applying for a permit to enter the region from the office of the Tibetan travel bureau in the southwestern city of Chengdu, from where there are direct flights to Lhasa. All travel must now be approved by the head office in Lhasa, which operates under police supervision.
The official added: “Management is tighter because of the Americans on Everest. All permits must be issued here in Lhasa.”
The rules are similar to those that existed in the early 1990s when the entire region was effectively closed to foreigners, except for a tiny number of officially organised tour groups. That crackdown was prompted by a series of violent demonstrations, mostly led by Tibetan monks, against Chinese rule and by the imposition of martial rule after riots that swept Lhasa in the late 1980s.
There has been a gradual easing of restrictions in recent years although Tibet remains the only region of China where all foreign tourists must obtain a travel permit to gain entry.
Recently it had been simpler for tourists to pick up the permits in cities such as Chengdu and Zhongdian near the Tibetan border before boarding a plane or hiring a vehicle, or in Beijing and Golmud - now on the railway line to Lhasa that opened less than a year ago.
Tibetan authorities had hoped that the new train service would boost tourism. But the new rules could cool the enthusiasm of foreign tourists if they are limited to visiting Lhasa and are then forced to complete complex procedures in order to leave the city, even as part of a tour group.
The five Americans were detained at the Chinese base camp for Everest last month. They were protesting against plans to carry the Olympic torch to the summit of the world’s highest mountain en route to the opening of the Games in Beijing on August 8 next year.
Their banner read: "One World, One Dream, Free Tibet 2008", a play on the official slogan of the Games "One World, One Dream". After their arrest they were expelled from the country.
Robert Barnett, a Tibet expert at Columbia University, said: “It may seem strange if five students with a camera can have such an impact on Chinese policy. But in fact restrictions have been increasing in Tibet over the last year, with intensified campaigns against 'the Dalai', renewed bans on religion for all officials, and recently public warnings about ‘western hostile forces’.
“I think that the issue with these US students was not so much that they staged a protest in Tibet, but that they staged it in the middle of a rehearsal for the Olympic ceremonies. The fear of embarrassment during the Olympics seems to be increasingly a paramount concern for officials.”
Beijing has long been nervous of campaigners in Tibet and from overseas, who argue that the devoutly Buddhist region, where most people pledge loyalty to the exiled Dalai Lama, is not a part of China.
Lhasa first opened to foreign tourists in the mid-1980s and quickly became an alternative destination for young backpackers seeking a more exotic destination after visiting Kathmandu. When a riot erupted in Lhasa in September 1988, the Chinese authorities accused the numerous foreigners staying in the city of stirring up anti-Chinese feeling and said that they had been involved in the demonstrations by ethnic Tibetans. Travel restrictions were imposed at once, effectively closing off Tibet for several years.
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I was at EBC I think it was the day before (perhaps the day after - lack of oxygen...I'm a bit hazy) the students were detained. I read about it when I got to KTM 3 days later and immediately thought to call my mom and tell her it wasn't me. That is to say that I was so absolutely nauseated at the world for letting the Chinese wait out Tibet by controlling their education, their religion, their lives until not only does the rest of the world not remember Tibet, but neither does Tibet.
I was nauseated with myself for not having the guts to do what those students did. And then I thought of my guide on the trip. And I imagined just what might happen to him if I had done something like that. I had already witnessed the terror in his eye's everytime we stopped at a Chinese checkpoint. Imagine if he had to go back through all of that being that guide that let those Americans run wild? I see both sides of the argument--both have validity to them.
Bernadette, Seattle, USA
To all who have responded.
I dont think you understand my point. I have travelled extensively in Tibet and Nepal and know the area well and the people to be kind good hearted folk.
Two points, one Why shouldnt China host the Olympics?
two, Do you believe the US would stand by idly if say Central americas, Sth east Asians or Iraqis victims of the US campaing against communism and 'terrorism' were to unfurl a barrier against their hosting of the games? The Olympic games should be free of political agenda. I am neither a supporter of Chinese occupation or of of the worlds 'unpleasant zones'. What I am against is what the US stands for recently. Making the world a safer place I hear but at the cost of how many lives. Its involvement in countries that have a profitable attraction. You mention Darfur, what is the America doing there. Other central africa counties have suffered the same plight of savage destructions while the US looked on.
Has Us agendas made the world a safer place?
tom, london, uk
Norman, of course, but whats your point exactly?
tom, london, uk
I think people are missing the point. The article does not say forget about the China/Tibet situation or even that the American students did the wrong thing. I think the American students hearts were in the right place but they probably didn't think through what might happen - if you poke a stick at a snake then you are going to make it angry. China *is* touchy on the subject of Tibet and very nervous about appearing in good light for the Olympics - this is not news. Did the students think about what might happen to the agency that gave them the permit? They would probably have given their business to a Tibetan agency.... and I would expect that the Chinese would go after the agency that issued the permit and shut them down at the very least...who knows what other punishment they might mete out. This is a very difficult situation and one that has to be handled with delicacy...no one is calling for Tibet to be ignored. If China closes Tibet to foreigners, is this a good thing?
KC, Lhasa, Tibet,
hi Tom Watkins,
I really agree with you !! the world would be definitely much better place if we close our eyes to all that is unpleasent, why should anyone bother to speak for others plight, and definitely its no ones buisness to poke nose into other people's affairs unless its your buisness, right !! so forget darfur, forget somalia, forget kosovo, forget bosnia, and surely forget TIBET. I wonder why millions fought for Britain or rest of the world during WW II. So what if Hitler & co had his way . Thanks for such an enlightening thought. Ostrichs of the world unite !!!
ashok , New Delhi, India
Dear Tom Watkins
At least the Americans had the courage to stand up and speak out for what they believe in. This is not a case of spoiling things for the rest of the world, but speaking out for basic civil liberties for the Tibetan people. Open your eyes and your heart and see the truth of what has been happening in Tibet for the last 50 years. I know there are many places in the world that have their troubles and civil strife, but I think China has many reasons to feel embarrassed about it's actions in Tibet and the sensitivity of the Chinese Government about any form of challenge on the Tibet issues is the typical reaction of any bully when challenged. People have a right to express their feelings and in that statement I include the feelings you have expressed on this site. The Tibetan people do not have that basic right and they need those who care enough about their plight to speak out for them.
Wendy, Hull, UK
well done america! you are still a beacon of freedom and democracy, despite the poor execution of the Iraq war. Down with all dictatorships in the world! Freedom for all people! Tom Watkins you should give up your british citizenship and become chinese citizen if you like the chinese government dictatorship!
rangzen, tibet,
Its about time the world paid attention to the plight of the Tibetan people and stopped paying lip service to a brutal Chinese policy that has murdered over 1 million Tibetans over the last 40 years. The people of Tibet are long overdue some support, and the best way that the Chinese can wake up to the reality that the world will no longer idly stand by, is to embarres them. Let this be a wake up call, next time a monk or nun is murdered or tried and jailed for no reason, the world is watching you China, you cannot hide your shame forever. Free Tibet. Free China. Free yourselves.
lex, london, UK
Visited Tibet, right after the Sept 11 attack and we flew from Nepal. Visiting the monasteries, meeting the monks and watching them was the most humbling experience I have ever experienced. Upon landing in Lhasa, my copy of the Economist was confiscated. Everywhere, one can see that the Tibetans are treated as second rate citizens. Witnessing that creates an overwhelming negative emotions towards the Chinese even more aggravated by the sights of the ruined and bombed monasteries. The hotel television is manipulated by continous video of Chairman Mao. Tibetan children are being educated with the chinese doctrine and the teaching is done in the middle of an open land, so if one is travelling early enough, one can witness "teaching in progress" and the children enthusiastically greets you, curious about the gadgets you have on your hand. Many of us feels sad for the Tibetans but the behaviour of those Americans produced results which will not be productive to the Tibetans themselves.
Sheen O, London,
Dear Tom Watkins
Ever heard of mis-placed anger?
Norman Specter, London,
well done america! ruin the world for the rest of us. You just go around the world causing havoc, anger pain and now this. Sticking your nose where its not welcome. Hope you are proud
tom watkins, london, uk