Richard Beeston and Martin Fletcher
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What can the world do about Burma?
The protests in Rangoon coincided with the annual General Assembly meeting at the UN, when world leaders gather in New York. Events in Burma dominated talks. America announced that it was tightening sanctions against the regime, and similar moves are under way by the EU. France under President Sarkozy has been particularly tough. Gordon Brown and David Miliband have also spoken out.
Will the sanctions make any difference?
Probably not. Sanctions have been in force for years with no apparent impact on the reclusive military regime in Burma, which seems impervious to outside pressure. It has benefited from close trade ties with China and India, who vie for influence with the regime and need Burma’s energy and other resources for their growing economies.
What about the visit by the UN envoy this weekend?
The very fact that Ibrahim Gambari is being allowed into Burma suggests that the regime feels it has the situation under control. He is expected to meet Aung San Suu Kyi, the main opposition leader, and representatives of the regime. But the junta is used to brushing off protests from the outside world.
Is China the key?
Yes, China is Burma’s biggest trading partner and has most influence on the regime. It has consistently resisted action against Rangoon, in part because of its own human rights record. But with next year’s Olympics looming in Beijing, there are indications that the Chinese may become more co-operative. They have recently taken a tougher stand with allies such as North Korea, Sudan and Zimbabwe. They may be persuaded to harden their position towards Burma.
Could the International Criminal Court take action against the regime?
Gordon Brown served notice to the authorities in Burma that the world was watching. Implicit in his remarks was the threat that the leadership could one day be made to account for war crimes and crimes against humanity. Legal action has already been taken for war crimes against individuals in the former Yugoslavia, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Rwanda, Sudan and Cambodia. But Burma is not party to the International Criminal Court. Prosecuting members of the junta would first require a resolution passed by the United Nations Security Council. That is unlikely to happen while Russia and China remain opposed to action against what they regard as Burma’s “internal affairs”.
Does what happens in Burma matter?
Yes. This is an important test for the international community. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, democracy has spread to every corner of the world. In the past decade the West has intervened against repressive regimes in the Balkans, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and the Caribbean. But with the failures in Iraq and Afghanistan there is little appetite for new interventionism. The regime has calculated that it can hold on to power by employing force at home and ignoring outside opinion. But if it gets away with this kind of behaviour, what message will that send to other potential dictatorships?
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US sanctions alone did not work. Why? The country has many natural resources- rubies, jade, teak, gas among others that countries such China, Thailand, Singapore and India need. Businesses conducted in Burma are allowed only with partnerships with families or relatives of the junta. The only way it will work is through tightening their wallet-stop trading with the country and freeze all their bank accounts.
Lin, Champaign, USA
The most important thing in this situation is that Buma remains in the public eye and not be forgotten. The junta is systmeatically and methodically controlling and shutting down Burma's ties with the outside world and waiting for the storm to blow over. Pressure must come from the bottom up, to force organizations, countries, politicians and businesses to take action.
Kiera, Ireland,
I sincerely hope that the ruling Junta is pressured into becoming a more democratic form of government that gives its people the freedoms it deserves.
Angelikka, Johannesburg, South Africa
Very simply, China is the regional power and supports the military. Let us put pressure on China by popular threat to boycott the olympics.
Joseph Bucharest
Joseph, Bucharest,
China is getting uneasy, don't kid yourselves. Start saying it loud, say it a lot: Boycott the Olympics. If you have Chinese stock, dump it and then email them (good luck with that they keep sending all mine back)
I have been sending daily emails to senators, to any newspaper with an article, to the UN demanding the immediate action to protect the people of Burma, and to bring the Junta up on human rights charges.
Governments are responding but only because the media and people are embarrassing them. So don't stop, keep embarrassing the pants off the politicians we elect into power until they move.
MichelleH, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
China and India have to be brought on board. Hopefully they will not deny their moral obligation to the people of Burma. The military government is being completely exploitative and is no different in effect from an invading military force in its suppression of the population, so to say this is just an 'internal affair' is to deny the rights of the civilian population of Burma. Governments should reclaim all Burmese military Junta assests.
What YOU can do:
1. don't buy oil from TOTAL (French company who get Burmese oil)
2. If China and India do not force Burmese government to allow president to be reinstated, or if they veto UN resolutions which could assist the burmese population BOYCOTT indian and chinese goods.
3. KEEP THIS ISSUE ALIVE. Keep talking about it.
Ian Dodkins, Coleraine, N. Ireland
there are so many things that burma's neighbours can do but the problem is they are hunger for the resources in burma... the military regime is selling the resources in the name of people...they were owned by the ppl...not the junta...Buying those resources from junta without agreement from the ppl is just a kind of stealing...
It's enough to give "lip-service". It's time for real action.
Moe, San Francisco, United States
CREATIVE COMBAT; TARGET JUNTA FRIENDLY COMPANIES;
The Burmese Junta can be defiant because friendly "rogue" companies continue to support them. Their answer is "OR ELSE WHAT??" meaning for as long as Chevron, Total of Thailand, French, Indian, Singapore companies continue to support them...it is business as usual folks. When the media coverage dies down..so will the outrage. That is what the junta is banking on and taking to the bank apparently. "UNLESS"...GLOBAL CIVIL SOCIETY...focuses its attention on action that can really hurt them. 1. Picket not the Burmese embassy in India, France, Singapore , and Thailand but the companies that do business with them. 2. Reporters without Borders or instant I citizen Reporters can follow CEOs and billionaires of these companies around paparazzi style to ask them about their support for the junta. I guarantee that getting their faces plastered all over the world as "rogue businessmen supporters of monk killing junta" will not go well in their golf games, country clubs, their daughters' debutant balls and pretensions or aspirations at high society... 3. Organize "stock sell off" demonstrations in front of the "stock exchange" buildings of junta friendly countries and ask investors to threaten "mass sell off" of stocks unless junta loving companies apply pressure on the junta to stop the killing and restore democracy...that's just for starters...I'm sure others can think of other "creative combat" strategies to answer their brazen response to world outrage of "or else what?"...that's what..
Maria Gracia Yllana, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
The whole world is watching the horrors being committed in Burma, but nothing is being done. As the Burmese people are crying out for help and intervention, from anyone, and hundreds of Buddhist monks are being beaten and probably killed, the governments of our world just stand by wringing their hands. Than Shwe must be stopped, period.
France, China, India, and the countries of ASEAN -- the ones that can truly deliver an impact -- must find a significant way to hold Burma's junta accountable and stop the violence NOW.
How can human "civilization" still tolerate such primal behavior in Burma or anyplace else in this world?
How is it that we, the peoples of the world, most of whom I truly believe want peace, cannot seem to muster the strength and organizational skills to create a better existence for ALL?
What's happening in Burma is appalling, repugnant and needs to be stopped ASAP. Unfortunately, it is only the most recent egregious example of our inhumanity to each other.
Debi, Bigfork, USA/Montana
Well France can demand that Total pulls out of Burma, Singapore can refuse to give medical treatment to Than Shwe and his cronies and also refuse schooling to the children of the junta and the other hangers on who attend school there and fly home on the weekends. Airports can refuse landing rights to Air Bagan run by a person who is described as Than Shwe's dog, who is also an arms dealer. The list is long....
I worked in Burma last year and when flying up country via Naypidaw it was always of interest to see which dignitiaries were on the same flight - high ranking Indian Military were common as well as various other Business UN/NGO people. All trekking up to Naypidaw to do business with these mass murderers. So what to do? Just hope that the military divides and the hardliners fall and the decent people there prevail. Unless China, Russia and India weigh in it will be extemely difficult to effect any real change. Also in the time I took to write this how many more people have died?
Katharine, Thailand,
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